Kunzwisisa Izvi Zvisingatauri Skeletal Muscle Cancer
Rhabdomyosarcoma isiri yechirwere yemukenza yemukara inowanzoitika kakawanda muhuduku. Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvezviremara izvi, zvinowanikwa sei, uye ndeipi nzira dzekurapa dziripo?
Rhabdomyosarcoma-Definition
Rhabdomyosarcoma rudzi rwe sarcoma . Sarcomas ndeyemakumbo anokonzerwa nemaserelial masero, masero mumumuviri anokonzera mhuka dzakagadzikana dzakadai sefupa, maronda, musimba, mishonga, mamwe mavara.
Zvinenge 85 kubva muzana zvekenza, zvakasiyana, ndeye carcinomas, iyo inobuda kubva epithelial cells.
Kusiyana necarcinomas umo epithelial masero ane chimwe chinhu chinozivikanwa se "chikamu chepasi," sarcomas hadzina "precancerous cell" gadziriro saka saka kuongorora miedzo yezvikamu zvisinganzwisisiki zvechirwere hazvibudiriri. (Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana dzekenza uye sarcomas zvakasiyana sei.)
Rhabdomyosarcoma inomukenza wemasero emasero, kunyanya masaga ematumbo (akarova misumbu) iyo inobatsira mukufamba kwemitumbi yedu. Nhoroondo yekare, rhabdomyosarcoma inozivikanwa se "duku shoma rebhuruu tumori yehucheche" inobva pamuvara masero anotendeuka nedehwe rinoshandiswa pamishu.
Pamwe chete, kenza iyi ndiyo yechitatu inowanzozivikanwa yehuduku hwekenza yakasimba (kwete kusanganisira ropa rinokonzerwa neropa rakadai seyukemia). Icho chinonyanya kuwanzana kune vakomana kupfuura vasikana uye inowanzovawo yakawanda muAsia neAfrica vana vevana kupfuura vana vachena.
Mhando dzeRhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma rakaputsika kuva matatu subtypes:
- Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma inokwana 60 kusvika ku70 muzana yematenda aya uye inoitika kakawanda muvana pakati pemakore ekuzvarwa uye makore mana. Rudzi urwu rwakaputsika zvakare kuva subtypes. Embryonal tumor inogona kuitika mumusoro nepitsipa, nzvimbo ye genitourinary, kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri.
- Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ndiyo yechipiri inowanzoshandiswa uye inowanikwa muvana pakati pemakore ekuberekwa uye 19. Ndiyo inowanzosiyana yeRhabdomyosarcoma inowanikwa kune vechidiki uye vechidiki. Aya kanzura anowanzowanikwa mumagumo (maoko nemakumbo), nzvimbo yegititourinary, pamwe nebhokisi, mimba, uye mapfupa.
- Anaplastic (pleomorphic) rhabdomyosarcoma haishamisi uye inoonekwa kakawanda kune vanhu vakuru kupfuura vana.
Nzvimbo dzeRhabdomyosarcomas
Rhabdomyosarcomas inogona kuitika kupi zvako mumuviri umo maronda emasumbu aripo. Nzvimbo dzinowanzozivikanwa dzinosanganisira musoro nemutsipa, zvakadai semakumbo emakumbo (zvakakomberedza ziso), nedzimwe nzvimbo, mapavi (genitourinary tumors), pedyo nemisungo inofadza uropi (parameningeal), uye pamagumo (maoko nemakumbo ).
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zveRhabdomyosarcoma
Zviratidzo zveRhabdomyosarcoma zvinowirirana zvakasiyana siyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yechipfuva. Zviratidzo nenharaunda yemuviri zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Maitiro emudzimai: Kutinhira mumapapiro kunogona kukonzera ropa mumuginha kana mumadzimai, zvinopisa kana zvechikadzi, chivhiringidzi, uye dumbu kana dambudziko.
- Zvirwere zvepabonde: Tumhonyo pedyo neziso rinogona kukonzera kuvepa kumativi ose uye kuvhara kweziso ( proptosis ).
- Parameningeal tumor: Tumhonyo pedyo nemutsipa wepelinha inogona kuunza nezvinetso zvine chokuita nehutano hwemhino dzava pedyo nekurwadziwa kwemaziso, zviratidzo zvechivi, mhino yeropa, uye misoro.
- Kuvhiringidzika: Kana rhabdomyosarcomas ichiitika mumaoko kana pamakumbo, chiratidzo chinowanzovhiringidza chikafu kana kuvhara kusingaendi asi kunowedzera muhukuru.
Incidence
Rhabdomyosarcoma isingawanzoitiki uye inokwana zvikamu zvinenge 3.5 muzana zvekenza muvana. Vanenge 250 vana vanoonekwa kuti vane kenza iyi muUnited States gore negore.
Zvinokonzera uye Zviitiko Zvengozi
Hatizivi chaicho chinokonzera rhabdomyosarcoma, asi zvimwe zvingangozviisa pangozi zvakaonekwa.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Vana vane syndromes vane nhaka yakafanana neurourofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Costello syndrome , pleuropulmonary blastoma, cardio-facial cutaneous syndrome, Noonan syndrome, uye Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome
- Kushandisa kwevabereki mbanje kana cocaine
- Kukwirira kuberekwa
Kuziva
Kuongororwa kwe rhabdomyosarcoma kunotanga nekutanga kunyatsoongorora uye kuongorora muviri. Zvichienderana nezvinzvimbo zvechirwere, zvidzidzo zvekufungidzira zvakadai se x-ray, CT scan, MRI, bone scan, kana PET scan ingaitwa.
Kuti ave nechokwadi chekufungidzirwa kuongororwa, biopsy kazhinji inoda kuitwa. Zvisarudzo zvinogona kusanganisira yakanaka ine sindano biopsy (kushandisa soro duku kuti vatsvake sampu yezvisikwa), nheyo yakakura yenyuchi, kana bhiopsy yakazaruka inogona kuitwa. Kana imwe nguva chirwere chechirwere chiri nemuenzaniso wezvinyama, chironda chacho chinotarirwa pasi pe microscope uye zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinowanzoitwa kugadzirisa maitiro ezvinyamudumbu (kutsvaga kuchinja kwemajini kunokonzerwa nekukura kwemarara).
Kuti uongorore zvirwere zvemastastatic, chirwere chinonzi node chinoshandiswa chinogona kuitwa. Uyu muedzo unosanganisira kuvhara dhayi rebhuruu uye muchengeti we-radioactive mumuviri uye wotora sampuli yemakirinikodhi ari pedo kusvika kumarara anotsvaira kana akaiswa bhuruu. A lymph node dissection yakazara inogonawo kudiwa kana chirwere chendaneti chinotarisana nekenza. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekutsvaga mastasisita zvinogona kusanganisira bone , bone marrow biopsy , uye / kana CT yebhokisi.
Kurongedza uye Kuronga
"Kuoma" kwerhabdomyosarcoma kunowedzera kutsanangurwa nekuongorora kunze kwechikwata kana boka rekenza.
Kune zvikamu zvina zve rhabdomyosarcoma:
- Nhanho I: Nhanho I mapundu anowanika mu "nzvimbo dzakanaka" dzakadai seanobb ((zvakakomberedza ziso), musoro nemutsipa, munhengo dzekubereka (dzakadai semavhesi kana mavhai), ma tubes achibatanidza itsvo kusvika kumucheka (the ureters ), iyo tube inobatanidza bhanhire kune imwe kunze (urethra) kana kuti yakakomberedza nduru. Izvi zvipembenene zvingave kana zvisingazopararira kune lymph nodes.
- Chikamu Chechipiri: Zvirwere zveGumbo II hazvina kupararira kune lymph nodes, hazvina kupfuura 5 cm (2 ½ inches), asi zvinowanikwa mu "nzvimbo dzisina kunaka" dzakadai sedzimwe nzvimbo dzisina kutaurwa pasi pechitsauko I.
- Nhanho yechitatu: Chirwere chacho chakanga chiripo panzvimbo isina kunaka uye inogona kunge isina kupararira kune lymph nodes kana kuva yakakura kupfuura 5 cm.
- Nhanho IV: Kenza yemugove chero upi neupi kana kuti lymph node kubatana kwakapararira kune nzvimbo dziri kure.
Kunewo mapoka mana e rhabdomyosarcomas:
- Boka I: Boka 1 rinosanganisira matumbo anogona kubviswa zvachose nekuvhiyiwa uye haana kupararira kune lymph nodes.
- Girasi 2: Zvikamu zveboka zviviri zvinogona kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa asi kune mamwe masero emukenza aripo kumagumisiro (pamucheto webvisa rakabviswa), kana kenza yakapararira kune lymph nodes.
- Boka rechitatu: Mapoka emakumbo matatu ndeaya asina kupararira, asi haakwanisi kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa kwechimwe chikonzero (kazhinji nekuda kwekugara kwechirwere).
- Boka rechina: Mapoka emakumbo mana anosanganisira aya akapararira kune nzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri.
Kubva pane zvikamu zvakasarudzwa nemapoka, rhabdomyosarcomas zvino inosarudzwa nehungwaru ku:
- Kuderedza hutano hutano rhabdomyosarcoma
- Inyanzvi yepakati pemucheche rhabdomyosarcoma
- Kunyanya kutyisa huduku rhabdomyosarcoma
Metastases
Apo ma kancita akapararira, nzvimbo dzinowanikwa dzakawanda dzemasitasisita mapapu, bone marrow, uye mapfupa.
Mishonga yeRhabdomyosarcoma
Nzira dzakanakisisa dzokurapa dzerhabyroyosarcoma dzinovimba nesiteji chechirwere, nzvimbo yechirwere, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira:
- Kuvhiya: Kuvhiya ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yokurapa uye inopa mukana wakanakisisa wekugara kwenguva refu kwechirwere. Chirwere chekuvhiya chinobva pane nzvimbo yemarara.
- Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy inogona kushandiswa kuti inopedzisira ichinge isingashandisi kana kuti inorapa mhedha yechirwere mushure mekuvhiyiwa kubvisa chero masero erapa anoramba ari.
- Chemotherapy: Rhabdomyosarcomas inowanzopindura zvakanaka chemotherapy , uye 80 muzana yezviremera izvi zvinowedzera mukukura nemishonga.
- Mishonga yemakiriniki: Dzimwe nzira dzekurapa dzakadai sekuzivikanwa kwemishonga inogadziriswa mune zvekuchirapa.
Kutsungirira
Sezvo vazhinji vezvikwereti izvi zvichiitika muhuduku, vabereki vose nemwana vanofanira kutarisana nezvisatarisirwe uye zvinotyisa kuongororwa.
Kune vana vakwegura uye vechidiki vanogara nekenza, mune zvakawanda zvakawanda zvinotsigirwa kupfuura kare. Kubva mumharaunda yekutsigira kuInternet kusvika kumagariro ekurwisa kenza yakagadzirirwa vana nevechidiki, kumisasa kumwana kana mhuri, pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa. Kusiyana nechikoro chekuti mwana anganzwa akaenzana, uye kwete nenzira yakanaka, mapoka aya anosanganisira vamwe vana nevechidiki kana vechidiki vari kufanana nechinenge chisingafaniri kutarisana nemwana.
Kuvabereki, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvakaoma sekusangana nekenza mumwana wako. Vabereki vakawanda havadi chinhu chakanaka pane kuchinja nzvimbo nevana vavo. Asi kuzvitarisira hazvikoshi zvakare.
Kune huwandu hwemunhu-pamwe chete nemamwe mitsva yeIndaneti (maforumasi eIndaneti uyewo maBlue Facebook) zvakanyatsogadzirwa kuvabereki vevana vanotarisana nekenza yevana uye kunyange rhabdomyosarcoma kunyanya. Aya mapoka ekutsigira anogona kuva mutsara wehupenyu kana iwe ukaona kuti shamwari dzemhuri hadzina nzira yekuziva zvauri kuitika. Kusangana nevamwe vabereki nenzira iyi kunogona kukweretesa kana vachikupai nzvimbo iyo vabereki vanogona kugoverana nekutsvaga kwekutsvakurudza. Dzimwe nguva zvinoshamisa kuti vabereki vanowanzoziva sei nzira dzekurapwa munguva ichangopfuura kunyange pamberi pevanhu vazhinji vemagariro evecologists.
Usapedza basa rako semurevereri. Munda weoncology mukuru uye uchikura zuva nezuva. Uye hakuna munhu anofungidzirwa semubereki wemwana anorarama nekenza. Dzidza dzimwe nzira dzekutsvakurudza kenza yemuInternet uye tora nguva yekudzidza pamusoro pekuve wako (kana mwana wako) mutsigiri wekenza yako yekuchengeta .
Prognosis
Kufanirwa kwerhabdomyosarcoma kunowirirana zvikuru zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakadai sorudzi rwechirwere, nguva yemunhu akawanikwa, iyo nzvimbo yechipfuva, uye mishonga inogamuchirwa. Zvose zvinokwana makore mashanu ekupukunyuka ndezvikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana, uye ine zvikamu zviduku zvinokonzerwa nehutachiwana zvine kuponeswa kwemazana makumi mapfumbamwe. Pasi pose, kuponeswa kwave kuchivandudza zvikuru pamakumi emakore akapfuura.
Shoko Rinobva
Rhabdomyosarcoma inguva yekenza yemucheche inowanikwa mumakumbo emakumbo mapoka aya masimba ari mumuviri. Zviratidzo zvinowirirana zvichienderana nenzvimbo chaiyo yechirwere uyewo nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuongorora chirwere chacho. Kuvhiya ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa, uye kana bundu racho richigona kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa pane maonero akanaka ekutonga kwenguva refu kwechirwere. Mimwe mishonga inogona kusarudzwa inosanganisira radiation therapy, chemotherapy, uye immunotherapy.
Kunyange zvazvo kupona kubva mucheche yevana kuchivandudza, tinoziva kuti vana vakawanda vanotambura kubva pakuguma kwekurapa. Nguva yakareba yekutevera nechiremba anozivikanwa nemigumisiro yakareba yemigumisiro yehutano inokosha kuti kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemamiriro aya.
Kune vabereki nevana vanorwara, vanobatanidzwa munharaunda yekutsigira yevamwe vana nevabereki vari kurwisana ne rhabdomyosarcoma inokosha zvikuru, uye munguva yei nternet ikozvino pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa.
> Sources:
> Dasgupta, R., Fuchs, J., uye D. Rodeberg. Rhabdomyosarcoma. Seminari muAchipatara Chirwere . 2016. 25 (5): 276-283.
> National Cancer Institute. Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma Treatment (PDQ) -Health Professional Version. Updated 12/01/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/hp/rhabdomyosarcoma-treatment-pdq