Cancer yeRopa Plasma Cells
Multiple myeloma ibasa reropa (plasma sekenza) kanowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vanopfuura makore 65. MuUnited States, njodzi yekuwanda kwemaeloma ndiyo yakakwirira pakati peAfrica -America uye yakaderera pakati peAsia-America. Inofungidzirwa kuti kenza iyi inobata vanhu vashanu kusvika kumatanhatu pa100 000 gore rega rega.
Kanzira inoreva kukura kusina kudzora kwemasero.
Muine myeloma yakawanda, marora emapfupa anounza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwemasero eplasma asingawanzo. Kusiyana nedzimwe kenza apo pane tumarara, aya masero emukenza kazhinji anowanikwa mumapfupa eropa uye neropa, kunyange zvazvo tumarara inogona kuumba mumapfupa kana mumatumbu akaoma .
Zviratidzo zveMyeloma yakawanda
Multiel myeloma inokonzera zviratidzo zvizhinji zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kutambura kwepfupa , kazhinji mumusana wezasi kana nenyundo
- Kuneta uye kushaya simba nekuda kwezvikamu zvakaderera zvemasero matsvuku eropa muropa (anemia)
- Kakawanda zvirwere uye fevha nekuda kwechiedza masero machena eropa
- Zvinetso zvepoyo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera nyota yakawedzerwa, kuwedzerwa kubvongodza, kusuruvara, kana kubatwa
- Kuonda
- Akavhuniwa mapfupa nokuda kwekushaya simba kwemapfupa
Kuona Maeloma Akawanda
Kuongororwa kwe multipleel myeloma kunogona kunyunyuta zvichienderana nezviratidzo izvo munhu ari kuona. Chiverengero chakakwana chemasero eropa (CBC) chichati chiratidze mazinga epamusoro emasero e plasma uye mazinga mashoma emasero matsvuku eropa (anemia).
Zvimwe kuongororwa ropa (zvakadai serum protein electrophoresis) kunoratidza huwandu hwema calcium uye dzimwe ropa reprotein.
Muyeso (urine protein electrophoresis) inotarisa muwandu weBence Jones mapuroteni akaunganidzwa kwemaawa 24. Muchirevo chemashoko akawanda anonzi myeloma, pachava nehupamhi hwepuroteni iripo.
Pfupa remapfupa (sampuli) richatorwa kutarisa makero emukenza. Iro radiologic test test (skeletal survey) inobatsira kubatsira kusimbisa kuongororwa. X-rays inogona kutarisa mapfupa akaputsika kana asina simba.
Kuongororwa kwevamwe myeloma kunosimbiswa nekuvapo kwemasero emukenza e-myeloma (asingawanzo plasma masero) mumapfupa emapfupa uye kuvapo kweproteine yakawandisa muropa kana mumurini.
Kuenzanisa uye Kuronga
Multiple myeloma inogona kuiswa kune imwe yezvikamu zvitatu:
- Monoclonal gammopathy yekusagadziriswa kunokosha (MGUS): Uyu mamiriro ezvinhu akaita "ma-preel multiple myeloma," zvinoreva kuti mapuroteni akawandisa aripo asi mazinga ema plasma akaderera. MGUS iri pachayo isina chakaipa, asi inenge 16 muzana yevanhu vane nayo inovandudza myeloma yakawanda munguva.
- Simba plasmacytoma: Myelomas munharaunda iyi inongogumira kune imwe nzvimbo kana kuti bundu rimwe chete.
- Kutapudza kana kuputira myeloma yakawanda: Muchikamu ichi, kuongorora ropa uye bone marrow biopsy zvinoratidza kuvepo kwevamwe myeloma asi zviratidzo hazvipo.
- Symptomatic multiple myeloma: Muchikamu chino, vanhu vane multipleel myeloma vanoratidza zviratidzo kana ruzivo rwezviratidzo.
Kanzera inopararira inoreva kusvika pakukura kwayo. Ndiyo yakawanda myeloma yakavharirwa kumapfupa emapfupa, kana ine kenza yakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri semapfupa here?
Chikamu chekenza chinotarisa kuti ndeapi rudzi rwekurapa huchadikanwa. Nemhaka yokuti myeloma yakawanda inogona kupararira, huwandu hwayo hunowanzoenderana nehuwandu hwakawanda hwehuwandu hwekenza uri mumuviri.
Kubata Myeloma Yakawanda
Vanhu vane MGUS kana kuti hapana zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa kuburikidza neongororo dzomuviri nguva dzose uye kuongororwa kweropa asi hazvirevi. Vanhu vane zviratidzo vanogona kurapwa ne:
- Chemotherapy zvinodhaka: Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide), Alkeran (melphalan), kana corticosteroids yakadai se prednisone. Kubatanidzwa kweThalomid (thalidomide) uye Decadron (dexamethasone) yakawanikwa zvakare kuti inoshanda zvakanaka.
- Radiation therapy: Kuchengetwa uku kunoshandisa mashizha ane simba-refu kuti uuraye masero ekenza uye inopera maronda.
- Stem cell (bone marrow) kudhindwa : Kurapa uku kunotsiva maronda emasora ane maronda ane marara.
- Imwe mishonga inopesana nekenza inonzi Velcade (bortezomib): Mishonga inoshandiswa kana intravenously kana sejojo pasi peganda rako (subcutaneously).
Mukuwedzera, vanhu vane multipleel myeloma vanogona kugamuchira kurapwa kwezviratidzo, zvakadai sekugamuchira kuwedzerwa ropa kuitira kurapa chirwere chemaperembudzi kana kuti ma antibiotic kuti apore zvirwere.
Sources
- Lonial, Sagar. "NezveMyeloma." Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation. 9 Sep 2005. Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation.
- "Zvaunoda Kuziva Pamusoro peMyeloma Yakawanda." Musoro weCancer. Dec 2004. National Cancer Institute.