Zvinokonzera, zviratidzo, kurapwa nekudzivirira kwechirwere chemaziso
Ocular melanoma, kana kuti melanoma yemaziso, rudzi rwusingaoneki rwekenza inobata zvikamu zvakasiyana- siyana zveziso , kunyanya chiroroid , ciliary body, uye iris . Choroidal melanoma ndiyo yakajairika yakawanda yemaziso eronda.
Eye Melanoma (Ocular Melanoma) - Kubva
Vanhu vazhinji vanovhiringidzika nehutachiona hwechirwere ichi chemaziso, sezvo maranoma inowanzobatanidzwa neganda .
Melanomas inobudirira kubva pa melanocytes, masero ane chinyorwa chemavara (melanin) chinotsanangura maruva edu. Melanocytes haisi yega peganda - inogona kuwanikwa mumvere, maziso, uye kubatana kwezvimwe nhengo.
Maonanoma emaziso anowanzotanga mukati mechando chemaziso anozivikanwa seve uvea. Iyi ndiyo mhedziso umo mutezo wemuropa unofamba uchienda muziso. Icho chinyorwa chekunze chinonzi sclera (iyo yakachena yakaita chikamu) uye mukati mecherechedzo ndiyo retina (apo tsvimbo nemidyo iyo iyo inofanirwa kutarisa maziso inotora zviratidzo kuendesa kune uropi.) Dzimwe nguva melanoma inowanikwawo mumutambo kana eyelid.
Iyi kenza inowanikwa kune vanhu vakwegura uye nepamusoro pemakore makumi manomwe nemakore. Inowanikwa kakawanda mumarume kupfuura vakadzi. Ocular melanomas inokwana 5% yean melanomas.
Chii Chinokonzera Ocular Melanoma?
Kufanana nemamwe marudzi mazhinji ekenza hatisi chokwadi chechikonzero chinokonzera macan meloma, asi kune kusafungira kuti yakabatana nekusvikirwa nemirairi yeVV yezuva.
Iyi nyanzvi haifaniri kuonekwa, zvakadaro.
Kunyange zvazvo chinokonzera maranoma yemaziso isingatauri, vanotsvakurudza vakaona njodzi dzechirwere ichi. Zvimwe zvinokonzera maranoma yemaziso zvakafanana nezvimwe zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hweganda uye dzinosanganisira:
- Kuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kana kuva nemvere dzisina bvudzi uye ruvara rweziso (bhuruu kana mavara mavara)
- Kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kwezuva kana mabheji ekuchenesa
- Iko kukwanisa kubvisa
- Caucasian race
- Kuva nedysplastic nevus syndrome, mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera kusagadzikana kwema moles
- Kuva neusingaenzaniswi nekuviruka kwemajeri kana uvea
- Kuva oculodermal melanocytosis, chisingawanzo chikonzero chinokonzera kuwedzera uye kusina kuchena kwemavara uye ziso kumeso
Vatsvakurudzi vari kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekenza yekenza uye melanoma uye inofungidzirwa kuti 55% yehupenyu hwehutachiona hwemaranoma hunokonzerwa nehutano hwezvinhu .
Zviratidzo zveOcular Melanoma
Pane dzimwe nguva hapana zviratidzo zvinooneka zve melanoma inoonekwa, kunyanya mumatanho ekutanga. Mune zviitiko izvi, melanoma yeziso inowanzoongororwa kuburikidza nekunongedza kuonekwa kwemaziso nemuongorori wemaziso kana opthalmologist. Zviratidzo zve-Ocular melanoma zvinosanganisira:
- Kuona maziso muziso rimwe
- Mafuro (madutu "anotenderera" mavara mumunda wako wekuona)
- Shanduka mumirasi yeIris kana nzvimbo yerima pane iris
- Shanduko mumamiriro edzidzi
- Kuona magetsi anotonhora
- Dzvuku uye / kana ziso rinorwadza
- Iko kukudza
- Kurasikirwa kweropa kana kuona kurasikirwa kwemaonero ose
Nokuda kwenzvimbo dzakawanda dzakawanda dzezviremara izvi, vanhu kazhinji havagone kuona kenza ivo pachavo - mune mamwe mazwi, ivo havawanzooneki muchionioni.
Kuongorora Maelanoma Ocular
Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzekenza, bhiopsy haisi inowanzodiwa kumatambudziko akawanda e-melanoma yecular.
Chimwe chekuedzwa kwakanyanya vanhu vazhinji vanonzi ophthalmoscopy, iyo inoshandisa ruzivo rwakakosha kuwana ruzivo rwakadzika rweziso. Izvo zvakafanana nechigadzirwa chemaziso ako kana chiremba anoshandisa kutarisa ziso rako. Icho hachisi chisina kunaka uye hachina maturo uye inoitwa mushure mekuona dhivhi wako iwe anotanga kutarisa meso ako.
An ultrasound inogonawo kuitwa kuti ione ziso uye zvivako zvakapoteredza. Matsipa eNumbing anopiwa vasati vatsva kuti vadzivirire kusagadzikana. Iwe unogona kubvunzwa kutarisa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti ubvumira mahedheni akasiyana ekuona. Ziso rinonzi ultrasound rinowanzotora anenge maminitsi gumi nemashanu kana kupfuura.
Mimwe miedzo, yakadai seMRI kana CT scan, inogona kuitwa kana ichifungidzirwa kuti kenza yakapararira mberi kweziso.
Chiropa chimwe chimwe nzvimbo inowanikwa yemasastasis for ocular cancer. Urongwa urwu runoratidza kuti maranoma inowanzopararira .
Kurapa kweOcular Melanoma
Kurapa kwechiremera chinonzi melanoma kunobva pane chimwe chikamu cheziso chinobatwa uye kana chakagadziriswa kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.
Kuvhiya inzira imwe yokurapa maranoma eziso. Kubviswa kweziso (enucleation) kunogona kuve mune zvimwe zviitiko zvemuviri mukuru kana dzimwe nzira dzokurapa dzisina kukodzera. Ziso rekugadzirira rinogona kusikwa muzviitiko zvakawanda. Mafungiro ezuva ranhasi anonyanya kukosha kupfuura kare. Izvo zvakasikwa nevanhu vane ruzivo, vakadzidziswa vanonzi ocularists. Iko inowanzoenda chero ipi zvayo kubva kumasangano mana kusvika ku6 kuti agadzirirwe ziso re prosthetic uye kuti riiswe. Unyanzvi hwehutano uye unyanzvi zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha zvinofungidzirwa paunosarudza maziso.
Radiation therapy inoshandiswawo nehutachiona hwemaelanoma. Iyo inogona kunge iri chete yekurapwa kana kuitwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kune marudzi maviri emishonga inonzi radiation : kunze uye mukati. Zvose izvi zvinoshandisa maitiro ezvimwe simba kuti zvivhiringidze basa rekenza masero kuti azvibvise uye avadzivise kuti vasapinda mumasero ekuparadzanisa.
- Mazai ekunze anounza kupisa kwemhepo kubva kumichina yakananga iyo inotarisa nzvimbo yekutura kunze. Iyi nzira yemirasi yacho yakananga uye inogadzirisa kukanganisa kwezvisikwa zvakapoteredza.
- Dhiyabytherapy inonzi mukati, inowanzonzi plaque therapy apo inotsanangura kurapwa kwemakanoma omunyu, inoshandisa "radio" "radio" kana kuti "plaque" inoshandiswa pedyo nenzvimbo yekutura kuti ipe chirwere. Kazhinji, inoramba ichishandiswa kwemazuva manomwe uye inobva yabviswa. Iyi ndiyo inonyanyozivikanwa yehutachiona hwehutachiona hunoshandiswa pameso e-melanoma.
Radiation therapy inobatsira kurwisa melanoma inonzi ocular, asi haina kuuya pasina migumisiro. Tsvuku, maziso akaoma ndeechimwe chikamu chechikamu. Dzimwe nguva chirwere chinokonzerwa nekurapa, asi kuvhiyirwa kunogona kunge kusarudza kuibvisa. Kusvibiswa kwehusi uye kupfupisa kunogona kuitika zvakare. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kurapa kwemazuva ano kunogona kukonzera optic nerve kukuvara, glaucoma , uye misi midzi isina ropa mu retina.
Kurapa kwemastraanoma metastoma kazhinji yakafanana neyoyo mamwe maitiro e-metastatic melanoma . Kunyange zvazvo kurapwa kwakanaka kunowanzoshayikwa nechirwere chemasastatic, zvimwe zvisarudzo zvekodanoma chemotherapy zviripo.
Mukuwedzera, kuongororwa kwemakiriniki kutarisa mishonga yakarongwa pamwe chete neye immunotherapy iri kuenderera mberi uye kuratidzira kuvimbiswa kuti izvi zvichachinja munguva yemberi.
Sources:
American Academy of Opthalmology. Chii chinonzi Ocular Melanoma. Yashandurwa 08/02/12. http://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-ocular-melanoma
Blum, E., Yang, J., Komatasubara, K., naRa. Carvajal. Clinical Management of Uveal uye Conjunctival Melanoma. Oncology (Williston Park) . 2016. 30 (1): 29-32,34-43,48.
Chattopadhay, C., Kim, D., Gombos, D. et al. Uveal melanoma: Kubva kuongororwa kusvika kuchirapa uye sayenzi inbetween. Cancer .
National Cancer Institute. Intraocular (Uveal) Kuchengetedzwa kweMelanoma - yeZviviro zveMweya (PDQ). Updated 07/09/15. http://www.cancer.gov/types/eye/hp/intraocular-melanoma-treatment-pdq