Zvose zvaunoda kuziva nezve antihistamine
Histamine ikemikemikari inowanzobudiswa mumuviri wako uye yakachengetwa mumasero eorgenic, zvakadai semamiti masero uye basophils . Kana iwe uine mishonga, histamine inosunungurwa kubva mumasero aya mune mhinduro kune zvinokonzera. Your histamine inosungira ku histamine receptor , iyo inowanikwa pamasero akasiyana-siyana mumuviri wako uye inoguma zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere zvakadai sekucheka, maziso anocheka, mhete inoputika, mikoko , kana even anaphylaxis .
Antihistamines imishonga inogadzirisa iyo inogamuchirwa ye histamine, nokudaro ichidzivirira zviratidzo zvinonzi histamine zvinokonzera kufanana, mhepo yemhino, maziso anocheka, uye kuvhara kwehuro.
Yakawanda Inowanzoshandiswa yeAntihistamine
Antihistamines inowanzoshandiswa pakurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, uye inogona kutorwa mumuromo, mumasasa , kumisa kweziso , uye kuiswa mafomu. Zvirwere antihistamines zvinoshandiswa kune:
- Hay fever (allergic rhinitis): Mutsva antihistamines omuromo, yakadai saXyzal (levocetirizine), Zyrtec (cetirizine), Allegra (fexofenadine), Clarinex (desloratadine), uye Clarinex (desloratadine), inobatsira zvikuru kurapwa kwefivha . Makwegura antihistamine , sa diphenhydramine (Benadryl), chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), uye hydroxyzine (Atarax), inoshandawo zvakanaka asi ine migumisiro yakawanda. Mishonga inopomerwa antihistamines inoshanda zvakanaka kana inotorwa sezvinodiwa, zvinoreva kuti zviratidzo zvako zvemazuva ose zvinowedzera mukati memawa kana maviri ekutora mishonga . Antihistamine inowanikwawo semasprays emucherechera ekurapwa kweergenic rhinitis ( mishonga yemazino ). Nasal antihistamine sprays dzinosanganisira Astelin (azelastine) uye Patanase (olopatadine). Corticosteroid nasal sprays inowanzoshandiswa kurapa mishonga yepamusoro. Mienzaniso yeiyi inosanganisira Rhinocort (budesonide), Flonase (fluticasone propionate), Nasonex (mometasone), uye Nasacort Zvirwere 24 Hour (triamcinolone).
- Kuita maziso: Muchiedza antihistamines inogona kubatsira kubata zviratidzo zvekuora kweziso . Izvo zvinowanikwawo semadonhwe eziso , zvakadai seOptivar (azelastine), Emadine (emedastine), Visine-A (pheniramine), uye Alaway (ketotifen). Corticosteroid madonhwe eziso angashandiswa kurapa maziso ekuona kana antihistamine isingashande. Mienzaniso inosanganisira Flarex (fluorometholone), Alrex (loteprednol), uye Omnipred (prednisolone).
- Hives (urticaria): Oral antihistamine ndiyo inonyanya kurapwa mumingano. Zvitsva, pasi-sedating antihistamines, zvakadai saZyrtec kana Claritin , zvinosarudzwa pamusoro pevakuru, vachigara antihistamine dzakadai seBenadryl kana Atarax. Nyaya dzepamusoro antihistamine creams, dziripo mumhando dzakawanda dze-over-the-counter anti-itch creams , haifaniri kushandiswa pakurapa mikoko kana zvimwe zvipembenene zveganda nokuti kushandisa mashizha emhino paganda, zvakadai seBenadryl cream, zvinogona kukonzera kushungurudza dermatitis kune antihistamine.
Zvimwe Zvishandiso zveAnhistamine
Antihistamine inowanzoshandiswa pakurapa kweimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kunyange zvazvo ichingasave yakakosha sezvairi yefuru fever uye mikoko. Aya mamiriro acho angasanganisira:
- Iyo inotonhora
- Itching yeganda (pruritus)
- Insect stings uye kuchema
- Allergic reactions kumishonga
- Anaphylaxis
Kazhinji Nhengo dzeAraal Antihistamines
Kazhinji muromo antihistamines inosanganisira zvikamu izvi:
- Over-the-counter (OTC): Zvichida inonyanya kuzivikanwa antihistamine ndeyeBenadryl , iyo yakwegura, yekugara antihistamine. Kunyange zvazvo Benadryl ari mushonga unonzwisisika wehutano hwehutano hwakasiyana-siyana, migumisiro inogumira inoshandiswa nguva dzose, kunyanya panguva yemasikati. Benadryl, uye mamwe akawanda akare antihistamine, akadai seChlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine), anowanika OTC pasina mushonga. Zvitsva, zvishoma-sedating antihistamines, Claritin, Allegra, uye Zyrtec, zvinowanikawo OTC pasina mutemo. Iyi mishonga inokonzera kuderera kwepasi uye saka inosarudzwa pamusoro pevanhu vakwegura, maitiro ekugara.
- Chiremba chete: Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vakwegura, sedating antihistamines ikozvino yavapo OTC, Atarax ichiripo chete inowanikwa nemutemo. Atarax inonyanya kushandiswa uye inowanzogadzirirwa kurapwa kwemakumbo echando zvakadai semingano uye kuchenesa. Iyo inoshandiswa metabolite yeAtarax, Zyrtec, inowanika OTC uye inokonzera kuderedza sedation. Xyzal naClaineinex, ma antihistamines maviri asina kuderera, achiri kuwanika chete nemishonga, sezvinonzi Periactin (cyproheptadine).
Migumisiro Yechirwere yeAn antihistamine
Makwegura antihistamine, akadai seBenadryl neAtarax, ane zvizhinji zvinokonzerwa nemagumisiro anonzi anticholinergic , kusanganisira muromo wakaoma, kurara, kuvimbiswa, kuora musoro, nekuchengetwa kwemakuta.
Nemhaka yemigumisiro yemishonga iyi, iyo inowanzoonekwa seyokugara kune imwe nguva yekushandiswa kwemasikati. Kubvira kare, antihistamines inogona kukanganisa mafungiro nemagetsi, inogona kuderedza simba rako rekushandisa motokari kana mitambo yakakura. Zvechokwadi, mune dzimwe nyika, unogona kutongerwa nekutya-pasi-iyo-simba (DUI) kana iwe ukashandisa motokari uchishandisa mishonga yakadai seBenadryl.
Zvitsva, pasi-sedating antihistamines, zvakadai saClaritin neZyrtec, zvinowanzova nemagumisiro mashomanana anonzi anticholinergic. Nepo idzi itsva antihistamines zvingave dzichikonzera kugona kana muromo wakaoma, hazvina kuonekwa kuti zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kwako kushandisa motokari. Allegra ndiyo chete antihistamine iyo inofungidzirwa seyo isingagadziri.
Antihistamines nekurema Kuwana
Mukuwedzera kune kunyengedza uye mumuromo wakaoma, antihistamines inogona kuva nechechibasa chinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwekudya uye kuwedzera kuwedzera . Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nemakemikari akafanana akashandiswa nema antihistamine uye mamwe mishonga yepfungwa, sekurwisa-depressants, iyo inozivikanwa kuti iwedzere chido uye inotungamirira kuwedzera kuwedzera.
Ichokwadi, vanhu vakawanda vakashandisa Xyzal vakaratidza kuwedzera kwekudya uye kuwedzera kwekureruka . Pakavhara ye Xyzal inosimbisa kuwedzera kwekuita sehunozivikanwa asi inozivisa kuti izvi zvinowanzoitika mu 0.5 muzana yevanhu vari kuongorora avo vari kutora mishonga iyi. Makwegura antihistamine, akadai saPeriactin (cyproheptadine), akashandiswa chaizvo kuti ave nechido chekuwedzera kudya uye kuwedzera kukura muvana vanorema pasi uye vanorwara nekenza vanoita chemotherapy.
> Kwakabva:
> Mayo Clinic Staff. Zvirwere zveAirgia: Ziva Zvaunosarudza. Mayo Clinic. Yakaperedzwa naJune 6, 2017.