Muchidimbidziro Mishonga yeRubatsiro yeThe Improvement Of Acute Asthma Symptoms
Kunyange zvazvo maitiro emakwenzi emagetsi echinyakare (SABAs) saAluterol ndivo mishonga yokurwira yakakosha inoshandiswa kugadziriswa kwechipfuva chechifu, kushuva, kufema kufema, nekufema kunobatana nechirwere, chiremba wako anogona kupa mamwe mishonga inoshandiswa sechikamu chekuchengeta kwako kuronga kana muhofisi kana dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira.
Tichakurukura:
- SABAs (kureva Albuterol)
- Anticholinergics (eg Atrovent)
- Steroid (sainzi Prednisone)
SABAs
SABA inopa rubatsiro rwemakumbo emagetsi, kana kusimbiswa kwemasumbu mumapapu, nokuzorodza mishonga. Maminitsi mashoma ekushandisa misoro yakasununguka dzikazorora, misi miviri iri mumhepo inosunungurwa, kuvharidzirwa kwemhepo kunoderera, uye kufema kunowedzera nyore sezvo imwe mweya inofamba nenzira yako yekufema.
Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kweSABAs kwechinguva chiduku inzira inobatsira yekudzivirira zviratidzo zvechirwere nekuvandudza kufema, asi paunenge uchipa ruzivo, kushandiswa kweSABA kakawanda chiratidzo chekushaya masimba masimba . Kana iwe uchida kushandisa SABA kanopfuura kaviri pavhiki kana kuenda kune imwe SABA inhaler mumwedzi usingapedzi mwedzi, yako yepimma iri pasi pekutambudzika kwakashata. Iwe unoda kuona chiremba wako uye kurukura zviito zvakadai sekutanga kana kuwedzera muro we steroid inharedzwa .
SABAs inoshanda zvikuru kana inoputika nemvura inerer inhaler iko kushandisa spacer kana kuponeswa kuburikidza neNebulizer kuitira kuti mishonga inogona kuita zvakananga mumapapu.
Muvana vaduku zvikuru, vamwe vanopa utano hwezvehutano vari kushandisa sABA muromo, asi migumisiro yechirwere inowanzova yakajairika uye miviri yemuromo yemishonga haisi inobudirira seyo inhaler ine spacer. Muzhinji, SHAs inhaled inoshandiswa nokuti zviratidzo zvinokurumidza kukurumidza uye migumisiro yakawanda haina kufanana.
SABA migumisiro inosanganisira:
- Rapid heart rates
- Kusagadzikana
- Headache
- Tsvina inodengenyeka
- Low potassium
- Matambudziko okurara
Anticholinergics
Anticholinergic zvinodhaka zvinopa kusununguka kwemisumbu uye kununurwa kwekudzivirira kuburikidza nekuita pane zvakasiyana-siyana mumapapu. Nokuti anticholinergic zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvemasero kupfuura mabhondidiliti, vanachiremba vazhinji vachabatanidza kushandiswa kwe anticholinergics ne-bronchodilators nokuda kwekununurwa kwakanyanya kwekudzivirira kwepaguru mune kurwisa kwepifma. Anticholinergics inogona kusanganiswa pamwe chete nemaruvadilator mu nebulizer kana kununurwa sega ega inhalers ine spacer. Iko kunewo maverengi einhaler anosanganisira anticholinergics uye bronchodilator inogona kushandiswa kune vanhu vakuru.
Kunyange zvazvo beta-agonist inoshanda mumaminitsi uye ine nguva inobatsira yekurapa kwemaminitsi mashomanana, anticholinergics inotora nguva yakareba kuti ibudise simba uye zvinoguma zvinopera. Zvinogona kutora kusvika pamaminitsi makumi matatu (80%) emakore makumi matatu emasere ehurumende inokonzerwa nekuputika uye zvinoguma zvinogona kusvika maawa matanhatu. Sezvo zvakadaro, anticholinergics haisi yakakodzera kurapwa kwakanyanya kwezviratidzo zve asthma chete.
Inhaled anticholinergics inowanzoremeswa nemashoma emigumisiro yakaipa kana ichienzaniswa ne beta-agonists.
Mamwe ematambudziko anonzi akabatanidzwa anosanganisira:
- Headache
- Dry mouth
- Hoarseness
- Kukosora
- Stuffy mhino uye kurwadziwa kwechivi
- Nausea uye kushungurudza mudumbu
- Zviratidzo-sechiratidzo
- Chiratidzo chakasvibiswa
- Chizutu
Steroids
Pashure peawa yekurapa, chiyero chekuvandudzwa mumhepo yekudzivirira kwemafunguro kunoderera zvikuru. Kutora systemic steroid zvichida nemuromo kana kuburikidza ne-intravenous (iv) rwonzi rinogona kukurumidza kuwedzera kubudirira kuburikidza nekuderedza kuputika mumapapu. Nhasi mazano anopa steroid kune chero murwere ane PEFR inopfuura 70% yezvakafanotaurwa.
Chiratidzo chekuvandudza mushure mekuita steroid administration inotora maawa matanhatu.
Kazhinji, chiremba wako achakubvunza kana iwe wakada steroid kare kana kuti iwe unorwara zvakakwana pamharidzo yavanotsauka parutivi rwekupa steroids. Chiremba wako achakumbirawo boka remibvunzo uye oedza kuedza kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti hauna hutachiona hutachiona hunoita. Mugumisiro wekupa systemic steroids kune mumwe munhu ane hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutano hwakafanana nezvinoitika apo iwe unodurura moto unotanga pamoto unoshanda uye unogona kutungamirira kwauri zvakanyanya kukura.
Migumisiro yechiratidzo inosanganiswa nekanguva-steroid yekushandisa anosanganisira:
- Kuwedzera kudya kudya
- Indigestion
- Kutya kana kusazorora
- Uchechezi kana kuchena
- Kubhururuka kwechiso kana matama
- Hiccups
- Kuwedzera kwekutuka
- Yakakura glucose mazinga
Nokufamba kwenguva kana iwe uchida mishonga yakawandisa ye-steroid iwe wakawedzera njodzi yekuderedzwa kweropa, hutachiona mumaziso, kusagadzikana kwehuga kwekutapira, uye zvinetso zvepfupa zvakadai sewasteoporosis.
Mutapi wako wehutano ane mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana-siyana dzokurapa mishonga yekubatsira kubata chirwere chako. Iwe unogona kunge uchashandisa SABA sechikamu cherongwa hwekuchengeta mweya wako, asi kushandiswa kwechisimba chiratidzo chekushaya masimba. Mushandi wako wehutano angashandisawo steroid uye anticholinergics mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai kana uhwu uhwu hwawedzera. Kunzwisisa basa roga roga remishonga pamwe nemigumisiro yaro zvinogona kukubatsira kuti uwane hutano hwakanaka hwehma yako.
Sources:
> FamilyDoctor.org. Asthma Treatment.
> National Heart, Lung, uye Blood Institute. Gweta Rinoongorora Gweta 3 (EPR3): Mirayiridzo yeKutsvaga uye Kutungamirirwa kweApmma
> Asthma. MuChifu Mishonga: Zvidimbu zvePulmonary And Critical Care Medicine . Vatori: Ronald B. George, Richard W. Chiedza, Richard A. Matthay, Michael A. Matthay. May 2005, 5th edition.