Kudzidza Kunoratidza Zvinhu Zvisingakoshi, "Pakupedzisira Gwara" Zvirwere Zvinogona Kuenderana Nehutachiona Hwekutanga
Nepo kune zvakanyanya kubudiswa pazviratidzo zvekutanga uye zviratidzo zveHIV , hapasati kwave nemafanirwo akabatanidzwa akawanda pamusoro pokuti sei "hutachiona" hunogona kuzviratidza mumatangi ekutanga (acute). Uye iyo ichinetso.
Pasinei nehurumende kuedza kuwedzera kuongororwa kweHIV pakati pevaAmerica vose vane makore 15 kusvika ku65, vanhu vazhinji vachamirira kusvika panguva iyo "zviratidzo zvokutanga" zvehutachiona hunoonekwa.
Ichokwadi chokuti zvirwere zvitsva zvichauya pasina zvachose zviratidzo zvinongowedzera nyaya yacho uye inogona kutsanangura kuti sei 20 muzana yevanhu veAmerica vane 1.2 vane hutachiwana hweHIV vasati vatsvaga.
Kuomesa nyaya zvakanyanya, kune avo vane zviratidzo, tsvakurudzo ikozvino inoratidza kuti kubva kune 25-40% ichauya nemamiriro ezvinhu asingawanzobatanidzwa neHIV. Somugumisiro, zvinenge zvichiitika kuti hutachiona hutsva huri kukanganiswa kana husingazivikanwi-uye kwete chete nomunhu ane hutachiwana asi nevanopinda ivo pachavo.
Zviratidzo zvisingaenzaniswi zvehutachiona hwepakutanga zvinogona kusanganisira zvirwere zvepamuviri uye hutachiona hwehutachiona, pamwe nemeso, mapapu, itsvo, chiropa, uye mazamu.
Kazhinji uye Zvisingawanzo Zviratidzo zveHIV yakatanga
Kazhinji kutaura, vanenge 40% vevanhu vatsva vane utachiona vachawana zviratidzo zvekurwadza kwetroviral syndrome (kana ARS) . ARS inongova mhinduro yemuviri kune HIV kana ichikwira kudzivirirwa pamusoro pemusana wehutachiona, nekuputika kunotevera kuchikonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana neyechirwere.
Fever, kuneta, kuora musoro, kurwadziwa kwehuro, kuvhuvhuta lymph glands, uye kurwadziwa kwemasumbu / majoka hazviwanzove zvinhu zveArS. Vamwe vanogona kukura nekukurumidza (kazhinji kunonzi " kurwisa kweHIV" ), iyo inogona kuratidza nemabhanhire ane ruvara, kazhinji pahafu yepamusoro yemuviri. Zvimwe zvinogona kunge zvichingova nenguva shoma shoma, kurutsa, kana kurwadziwa kwepamu.
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichionekwa sezviratidzo zveArS, humwe humwe hunoonekwa hunoratidza humwe hunoti vamwe vangasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kunyange avo vanotya upenyu.
Muna 2015, masayendisiti neZurich Primary HIV Prevention Study muSwitzerland aine chinangwa chekutarisa mararamiro uye maitiro ezviratidzo zvinogona kuitika panguva yekutapukira kweHIV yakaoma. Maererano nekutsvakurudza, havasi ivo chete vakakwanisa kuziva zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kana mamiriro ezvinhu-akawandisa kupfuura akambosimbiswa-vakaudza nhamba yakawanda yave isisina kuonekwa pakutanga.
Varwere chete vanoonekwa munguva yekutapurirwa kwokutanga vakaiswa, zvinotsanangurwa se:
- Kurwara kwakanyanya kweHIV , kureva kuti munhu aive aine zviratidzo pamwe chete nehutachiwana hweHIV , kana kuti asina hutachiona , kana kuti haana hutachiona hweHIV mukati mezuva makumi mapfumbamwe kubva pakuzivikanwa kunozivikanwa.
- Munguva ichangobva kutapukirwa neHIV , zvinoreva kuti munhu anounza zviratidzo pamwe nehutachiona hweHIV hwakanaka, kana kuti haana zviratidzo asi akaedza kuve nehutano hweHIV mukati mezuva 90 kusvika ku180 kwekuzivikanwa kunozivikanwa.
Zvigumisiro zvaishamisa. Pavane 290 varwere vakazadzisa maitiro ekutsvaga, 25% aiva nezviratidzo zvisingawanzobatanidzwa neAARS. Pakati peavo vane zviratidzo, chiitiko chacho chakakura zvakanyanya, ne 28.5% yeaichu uye 40% yevachengeti vemazuva ano vane zvirwere zvehutachiona hweHIV-uye husina HIV.
Pakati pavo, 23% yakapiwa nemamiriro ezvinhu ekujekesa AIDS , zvinoreva kuti chiratidzo chavo chekutanga chepachirwere chaiva chirwere chinowanzoonekwa muchirwere chekupedzisira. Izvi zvaisanganisira maitiro eesophageal candida (thrush , cytomegalovirus (CMV) yematumbo kana chiropa, herpes zoster (shingles) , uye kunyange nyaya yeHIV kuparadza syndrome , mamiriro ezvinhu anenge achingobatana chete nehutachiona hwehutachiona.
Zvisiri-HIV-zvinobatanidza zviratidzo zvepamuviri zvakange zvakazotevera pane zvakarongwa, zvichienzanisa zvikamu zvezana zvezana zvemashoko ezviitiko. Inenge hafu yaive mamiriro ekuti tonsillitis, asi zviratidzo zvakakomba zvakanyanya zvaisanganisira kubuda kwechirwere chinokonzera kupisa, chirwere chenduru, kuputika kwepvo, uye kusangana kwehepe-yakasangana (iyo yakanga isina kungogadziriswa sechidimbu asi yakaguma pakusunungurwa zvishoma kwemukati wemurwere).
Central nervous system (CNS) zviratidzo zvakaverengera mberi 12% yematongerwo enyika. Pakati peizvi, zvipatara zvakarondedzerwa kune varwere vane chirwere chakakomba chinoputika ( encephalitis ) uye meningitis . Kuratidzika kwomuviri kuora muviri kwaiwanzoonekwa nguva dzose, sezvakaitwa zviitiko zvepfungwa dzakaoma zvepfungwa.
Kunyanya nezvimwe , zvichida, inenge hafu yematambudziko aya akagamuchira kurapwa kunze kweHIV asati apedza kuongororwa nehutachiona.
Saka Izvi Zvinotiudzei?
Munguva yakapfuura, tingangodaro tichifungidzira kuti munhu anotaura nehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV hwakangobatwa nehutachiwana makore apfuura uye zvaingova kungova zviratidzo. Iye zvino tinonzwisisa kuti, kune vamwe varwere, zvirwere zvakakomba zvinogona kutungamira kunyange matanho ekutanga ehutachiona.
Kunyanya zvinoshamisa, isu zvino tinoziva kuti izvi zvinowanzoitika kune varwere vane hutano hwakanaka hwemasimba. Maererano nekutsvakurudza, vanhu vane simba rekuzvidzivirira mumuviri (kureva, CD4 count kupfuura 500 masero / mL) avo vangave vaine ruzivo rwakakura rwechiitiko pane munhu ane unyanzvi hwekudzivirira hutsika.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira dzezvipingamupinyi izvi hazvisi pachena zvakajeka, tinoziva kuti zvimwe zviitiko zvinogona kuwedzera mikana yavo, kusanganisira kuwandisa kwehutachiona hwehutachiwana hwekutapurirwa kwekutanga (inopera mamiriyoni 4 kusvika ku5 makopi / mL) uye rudzi rwehutachiona munhu anotapukirwa uye (kunyanya asiri B-subtype HIV ).
Isuwo tiri kuwana ruzivo rwakakura nezvehuwandu uye huwandu hweHIV huchipinda mumatumbo uye muuropi, uye izvo zvinogona kugadzirisa munhu kumatambudziko akakomba uye CNS zvirwere.
Kubva pane imwe nzvimbo, kutsvakurudza kunotsigira zvakasimba hurumende yekudanwa kweHIV kune vose veAmerica vane makore 15-65 sechikamu chekushanyira chiremba. Hatichagoni kufunga kuti munhu ari pangozi yakaderera nokuti anenge asiri kuuya ne "classical" chiratidzo chekutapukirwa.
Kunyange zvazvo vaSwitzerland vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti kuitika kwenyika-kwechokwadi kwezviratidzo zvepachivande zvinogona kunge zvingoda kusvika 15%, izvo zvichiri kushandura imwe kubva pairi vasere dzisingakanganisi kuongororwa. Uye nehutachiona hwehutachiwana hwehutachiwana hunowedzera kune vakawanda vari pangozi dzevanhu (kusanganisira varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume neAfrica America ), iyo ndeye vasere isu hatigoni kukanganisa.
Sources
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