Cystoisosporiasis (yaimbozivikanwa seyo isosporiasis) inowanzosangana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwematumbo akaiswa neUnited States Century for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sehupenyu hunotsanangura AIDS . Kupararira kwenyika yose kune kushanduka, nehutachiona hunoitika kakawanda munzvimbo dzinotyisa kana munzvimbo dzakasvibirira (zvikurukuru Caribbean, Central America neSouth Africa).
Nekuuya kwesangano reraretroviral therapy (ART) , cystoisosporiasis inofungidzirwa ishoma pakati pevanhu vanogara neHIV munyika yakabudirira. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva kubuda kwave kuri kuziviswa mumakore achangobva kupfuura, zvichida nekuda kwekudzoka vanofambi kana vanobva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kunzvimbo dzinopisa.
Causal Agent
Cystoisosporiasis inokonzerwa neCystoisospora belli ( C. belli ), chirwere chemukumbo chakanyanyobatana neToopopolma gondii ( T. gondii ) uye Cryptosporidium .
( T. gondii uye Cryptosporidium ndiyo inokonzera mamwe maitiro maviri eEIDS-defining, toxoplasmosis yeuropi uye cryptosporidiosis , maererano.)
Nzira yekutumira
Vanhu ndivo chete vanozivikanwa mazana eC belli , chirwere chacho chinopararira kuburikidza nezvokudya kana mvura yakasvibiswa nemasese kubva kuvanhu vane utachiona. Kudengenyeka kuburikidza nemuromo-an-sex ("rimming") inogonawo.
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvinogona kupera kwemavhiki uye zvinosanganisira kurwadza kwepamuviri uye kupisa mvura yakawanda, pamwe chete nehutera uye pasi-grade fever.
Kune vanhu vanozvidzivirira pamuviri, zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kufambira mberi kusvika pakupera simba, kusagadzikana kwezvokudya kwepamusoro kana cachexia kana isina kusiyiwa.
Muvanhu vane simba rekuzvidzivirira, C. Kutevedzwa kwebelli kazhinji kunowedzera.
Kuziva
Chirongwa chemakiriniki hachizivikanwi kubva ku cryptosporidiosis uye inoda kuongorora microscopic yemuenzaniso wechiremba wechiremba (kana, pane dzimwe nguva, biopsy yemukati murusvingo) kusimbisa kuongororwa.
Kurapa
Cystoisosporiasis inowanzobatwa ne-sulfa-based antibiotic, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ).
Muvanhu vane simba rekuzvidzivirira, cystoisosporiasis inowanzo chirwere chinogadzirisa uye inowanzogadzirisa mukati memazuva mashomanana ekurapa. Vanhu vane hutachiona hwepachivande vane CD4 nhamba pasi pemakumi mashanu emasero / μL kazhinji vanopindura zvishoma uye vanowanzodzokorora zvakare kana chirwere chichiripo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, upenyu-long prophylaxis ye TMP-SMZ inogona kuratidzwa.
Epidemiology
Cystoisosporiasis inogara muAfrica, Australia, Caribbean, Latin America uye Southeast Asia. Mune dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seHaiti, vakawanda vanenge 15% yevanhu vanotapukirwa naCelli. Pakati pevanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV (CD4 count pasi pe200 cells / mL), chiyero chacho chakanyanya kupfuura, chichikwira kune 40%.
Kufamba kwenyika dzakawanda kwakabatsira kupararira kwechirwere kune dzimwe nzvimbo, nekudengenyeka kumwe kwakataurwa munzvimbo yeLos Angeles kubva muna 1985 kusvika muna 1992. Muchiitiko ichi, zvirwere zvakasimbiswa zvikuru muSpain munharaunda uye zvakakwana zvachose pakati pevanhu vakanzi vane AIDS. Kupararira kwakabva pakati pe5-7%.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vagari venzvimbo yeAtlanta vaitenda kuti vakaparirwa naCelli mukati uye munaJuly 2015, uye mumwe munhu akaudzwa kuti adzoka kubva kuKenya.
Mari inotora mari shoma, nyika dzakapararira dzakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekushandiswa kweTMP-SMZ, mushonga unopiwa seprophylaxis kudzivirira pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) kune vanhu vane HIV.
Kutumidzwa: sis-to-eye-so-spore-EYE-uh-sis
Uyewo Anozivikanwa Se: Isoporiasis
Sources:
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