Mazuva ano uye maitiro anoshandisa tuberculosis (TB) inoda kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, zvakadai se isoniazid uye rifampin. Nhamba uye nguva yenguva yako yemishonga ichasiyana nekuenderana nemhosva yako uye hutano hwakakwana, asi unofanirwa kutarisira kutora mishonga yako (s) kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Tuberculosis dzimwe nguva inopesana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, saka zvinokwanisika kuti hutachiona hwako hurege kubviswa zvachose, kunyanya kana mirayiridzo isingateverwi tsamba.
Nenzira yakanaka, vanhu vazhinji vane utachiona hweHIV havanorwara. Ivo vanochengetedza mabhakitiriya, asi havana zviratidzo uye havatapuki.
Zvinyorwa
Chirongwa chemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ndiyo nzira chete yekurapa chirwere chetachiona, asi chirongwa chakakosha hachina kufanana nechimwe chaunogona kunge wakarongerwa kune chimwe chikonzero. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yehutachiona yakakonzerwa nehutano hwehutano hwehutano uye hutano huzhinji, asi huchagara huine mwedzi yakawanda muhutano. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kudiwa kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya pamwe chete.
Latent TB
Kunyange zvazvo TB inoputika isingagoni kupararira kune vamwe, avo vane nayo vari pangozi yekudzivirira hutachiona hwehutachiona hunofadza uye hunovhiringidza. Inenge 3 kubva muzana kusvika ku5 kubva muzana yevanhu vane TB inoputika inova nehutachiona hwehutachiwana mugore rekutanga mushure mekuedza kwakanaka; inenge 5 muzana kusvika 15 muzana inoikuridza gare gare.
Kugamuchira kurapwa kwehutachiona hweHIV huripo kunobatsira zvikuru kuderedza mikana iyi.
Chiremba wako angangokuisa pamwedzi wemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kumapfumbamwe wemuromo inorwisa mabhakitiriya isoniazid. Imwe nzira yokurapa ndeye mwedzi mitatu ye rifampin, imwe mishonga inorwisa mishonga.
Active Active TB
Active Active TB inowanzobatwa nekubatanidzwa kwemishonga mina kwevhiki masere kusvika masere, kutevedzwa nemishonga miviri kwehuwandu hwemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kupfumbamwe.
Mukuwedzera kune isoniazid uye rifampin, regimen inosanganisira ethambutol uye pyrazinamide.
Nhamba yemishonga iyi ichagadziriswa nedzimwe mimwe nyaya dzehutano dzaungave uye nemimwe mishonga yaungatora. Varwere vanotora mishonga yemishonga yemishonga yeHIV, semuenzaniso, vangada kuchinja mishonga kuti vadzivise migumisiro yakaipa. Nguva yehutano inogonawo kuchinjwa zvichienderana nezvinhu izvi.
Migumisiro Yechiri
Iyi mishonga yeTB inogona kuva nemigumisiro yechirwere, iyo iwe unogona kutarisana nayo zvichienderana nemishonga yauri kutora uye kuvanzwa kwako kwavari. Maererano neAmerican Lung Association, migumisiro yemigumisiro inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera. Iva nechokwadi chekuudza chiremba wako kana iwe uchinzwa izvi kana chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika:
- Kusava nenzara
- Nausea
- Kudzora
- Kuchengeta kweganda kana maziso
- Fever kwemazuva matatu kana kupfuura
- Marwadzo emudumbu
- Kuita zvigunwe kana zvigunwe
- Kushanda kweganda
- Kubuda ropa nyore kana kupwanya
- Aching joints
- Chizutu
- Kunyanya kana kuvhara kumativi ose mumuromo
- Kuvhiringidzwa kana kuchinjwa maonero
- Kuridza munzeve
- Kunzwa kurasikirwa
Matambudziko
Iwe unogona kunge uine kuongorora kwenguva nenguva kuti uone kana mushonga wako uri kushanda. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira ropa, phlegm, kana urin test tests, pamwe nebhokisi X-rays. Chido chezvi zvishamiso zvinoshamisa.
Apo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokundikana kuuraya mabhakitiriya ose ari kutarisa, mabhakitiriya akasara anokwanisa kusagadzikana nemushonga uyu.
Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekurapa chero ipi zvayo chirwere chebhakitiriya, asi inonyanya kukonzera nehutachiona. Kana, kuburikidza nekuedzwa uku, chiremba wako anotaura kuti hutachiona hwako huri kuvandudzwa sezvinotarisirwa, muyero wako, nguva yekurapa, kana kunyange mishonga (s) iri kushandiswa inogona kuchinjwa.
Kurwisana kunonyanya kunetsa kana TB isingateereri isoniazid uye rifampin, iyo mishonga miviri inowanzoshandiswa kuronga chirwere chacho. Kana izvi zvichiitika, nyaya yako inonzi " Multi-drug resistant TB" (MDR TB) .
Kuti uwedzere kuomesa nyaya, mamwe maitiro eTB haasi kungopesana nemishonga inorambidza mishonga yekutanga, asi sarudzo dzinotevera dzinoshandiswa kana izvi zviri izvo, zvakadai se fluoroquinolones uye mishonga inoshandiswa amikacin, kanamycin, uye capreomycin.
Mimwe mishonga miviri, bedaquiline uye linezolid, iri kutarirwa mukati sekuwedzera-kurapa kune ikozvino mishonga isinganzwisisi kushandiswa.
Apo TB inopesana nemishonga yose, inonzi inonyanya kushandiswa muropa TB (XDR TB) .
Dhiyabhorosi inopesana nemishonga inogona kuitika kana murwere asingakwanisi kupedza nguva yose yekurapa (zvichida vanoshaya madhizimisi kana kumisa purogiramu kare kare), kana apo vatapi vezvokurapa vanopa chirwere chisina kunaka kana nguva ye antibiotic. Kurwisana kunowanikwawo kune vanhu vane HIV. MDR TB uye XDR TB inonyanya kupararira kune dzimwe nyika umo madhiragi anowanzotadza kana asina kuwanikwa zvachose.
Kana uri kutambudzika kutora mishonga yako sezvinorayirwa, taurira mupiro wako wehutano.
Kudzivirira Kutengesa
Kana iwe une TB inoshanda, iwe unoda kutora matanho panguva yekurapa kudzivirira kutumira chirwere ichi:
- Gara kumba kusvikira mupiki wako wehutano akati iwe ungadzokera kusukulu kana kubasa.
- Dzivisa kuyanana nevamwe vanhu zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kusvikira chiremba ati iwe unogona kuva nevashanyi. Kupfeka maski ekuvhiya paunobva pamba kana kuva nevashanyi.
- Isa zvishandiso zvose zvakashandiswa muchivharo chakavharwa musati wasara.
- Usatora ndiro kana bhuti rezino kune ani zvake; Shamba maoko ako kazhinji.
- Nguva dzose tevera mirayiridzo yechiremba wako nezvekutora mishonga yako tsamba.
Iwe uchabvunzwa kuti uite zvinodzivirira izvi kusvikira zvave pachena iwe uri kupindura kurapwa uye hausisina kukohwa. Mushure memavhiki kana maviri ekurapa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, vanhu vazhinji havashoma kuparadzira chirwere chacho. Kana ukararama kana kushanda nevanhu vari pangozi yakawanda (yakadai sevana vaduku kana vanhu vane AIDS), iwe unogona kunge uine sputum yako ichiongororwa kuti uone kana njodzi yekuparadzira utachiona yapfuura.
Vakawanda vane utachiona havadi kuti vapinde muchipatara kurapwa mazuva ano. Hospitali inowanzogadziriswa kune vanhu vane chirwere chakakomba, vanogara mumamiriro ezvinhu akazara, kana kuti havana nzvimbo yakakodzera yekuenda (vasina misha, somuenzaniso).
Mumwe murwere ane chirwere chinotapurirwa muchipatara anogona kubudiswa kumba kwavo asi achiri kutapurika, haana kupa mumwe mudzimba yemunhu ari pangozi yekutapukira kweHIV (varwere, vakwegura, kana vana).
Vanhu vanoona zvakaoma kurangarira kutora mapiritsi avo kazhinji vanofanirwa kuongororwa zvakananga kurapwa (DOT), umo mushandi wehutano anopa mishonga zuva nezuva uye anoona murwere achivatora.
Kana ukararama kana kushanda nemumwe munhu ane chirwere chinoshanda kana kuti ane simba rekudzivirira zvirwere, taura nachiremba wako nezvekuwana chirwere cheganda reTB.
Pakupedzisira, apo pane chirwere chekudzivirira TB, inonzi bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), haisati yashandiswa muUnited States. Iko dzimwe nguva inokurudzirwa kune avo vanoshanda muzvipatara kana vana vanogara vachiratidza vanhu vakuru vane TB inoshanda kana kuti vane mishonga yakawanda isina chirwere cheTB, asi haisi tsika.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Kurambana kweTiberculosis Kuchengeta. Tuberculosis (TB).
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Drug-Resistant TB. https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/drtb/default.htm
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Kuramba Pa Track ne Tuberculosis Medicine . https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/pamphlets/tb_trtmnt.pdf
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Mishonga yeTV Disease. https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/treatment/tbdisease.htm
> Johns Hopkins Health Library. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/adult/infectious_diseases/tuberculosis_tb_85,P00654
> Merck Manual, Consumer Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/tuberculosis-and-leprosy/tuberculosis-tb#v785390
> World Health Organization. Tuberculosis. http://www.who.int/tb/en/