Kuti unzwisise chirwere cheAA test (antinuclear antibody test), zvakakosha kutanga kutanga marudzi akasiyana ezvirwere.
- Zvirwere zvirwere zvipuroteni, zvinokonzerwa nemasero machena eropa, ayo anowanzopararira muropa kunodzivirira kune vanopinda kune dzimwe nyika, zvakadai sebhakitiriya, mavairasi, uye chepfu.
- Autoantibodies, panzvimbo yekuita zvinopesana nevashamisi vokunze, kurwisa masero emuviri. Izvi hazvisi zvaro.
- Antinuclear antibodies is a group unique of autoantibodies inokwanisa kukwikwidza zvivako mumusana wemasero. Iko kamuti yesero rinosanganisira mazita emagetsi, anozivikanwa seDNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Chirwere cheAAA (antinuclear antibody test) chinowanzoitwa pamushonga weropa sechikamu chekuongororwa kwezvirwere zvezvirwere zvega .
Kuedzwa Kwakaita Sei
Kuita chirongwa cheAA ropa, dzimwe nguva chinonzi FANA (fluorescent antinuclear antibody test), muenzaniso weropa unotorwa kubva kumurwere uye unotumirwa kubasa rekuedzwa. Serum kubva muropa inotemerwa inowedzerwa kuma microscope mashizha ayo ane magetsi akagadzirwa pamagetsi pamusara. Kana serum murwere ichi ine antinuclear antibodies, inosunga kumasero (kunyanya nuclei yemasero) pane slide.
Chirwere chechipiri, chinotengeswa neine fluorescent dye, chinowanikwa mukubatanidzwa kwevarwere vevarwere uye masero akagadzirwa mune zvekutsvaga pa slide.
Yechipiri (fluorescent) antibody inosungirirwa kumasero e-serum uye masero akabatanidzwa pamwechete. Apo slide iri kutaridzirwa pasi pe-ultraviolet microscope, antinuclear antibodies inoonekwa semasero e fluorescent.
- Kana masero e fluorescent achicherechedza, chirongwa cheAA chekuongorora ropa chiri chakanaka.
- Kana masero e fluorescent asingaonekwi, chirongwa cheAA chekuongorora ropa hachina kunaka.
Nhoroondo yeAA Ropa Ropa
Mushumo weAAA wokuongorora ropa une zvikamu zvitatu:
- Zvakanaka kana zvakaipa kune ANA
- Kana rakanaka, zita rinotsanangurwa uye rinorondedzerwa
- Muenzaniso we fluorescence unoratidzwa
ANA Titer
A titer inotsanangurwa kuburikidza nekudzokorora kuedza kwakanaka nemashure matsva kusvikira muedzo unobereka chikonzero chakaipa. Kuwedzererwa kwekupedzisira kunobereka chiitiko chakanaka (kureva, fluorescence iri pasi pe microscope) ndiro titer iyo inonzi yakataurwa. Heano muenzaniso:
Serial Dilutions:
1:10 zvakanaka
1:20 positive
1:40 positive
1:80 positive
1: 160 positive (zita rakanyorwa se1: 160)
1: 320 zvisina kunaka
Kukosha kweAAA Pattern
Nhengo dzeAA dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kusiyanisa pakati peongororo yekuongorora nzvimbo nekuda kwekusiyana kwedzidziso inoshandiswa. Maitiro anowanzozivikanwa anosanganisira:
- Inogarisana - nuclear nuclear fluorescence pamusana peanorikisi inorwisana neDNA. Kazhinji mu systemic lupus erythematosus .
- Peripheral - fluorescence inowanikwa pamagumo echomukati muchimiro chechimiro. Anti-DNA uye anti-nyukliya envelopu inopesana nemaitiro inoita izvi. Uyewo inoonekwa mu systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Yakatsvaga - mahwanda-fluorescense nekuda kwechirwere chinorwisana chinopesana nemaitiro ezvinyorwa zvisikiresi zvakasiyana.
- Nucleolar - kubva kumasimba anorayira mapuroteni chaiwo anobatanidza mukutsvaga kweRNA. Kuonekwa nevanhu vane scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) .
Nzira Yakanaka ANA Mhinduro Yeropa - Inorevei?
Antiinuclear antibodies inowanika kune vanhu vane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzivirira muviri, asi kwete chete. Anorinuclear antibodies anogonawo kuwanika kune vanhu vane zvirwere, kenza, zvirwere zvepapupa, zvirwere zvepamuviri, zvirwere zvehomoni, zvirwere zveropa, zvirwere zveganda, kuvanhu vakwegura, kana vanhu vane mhuri yehutachiona hwerheumatic. Antinuclear antibodies inowanika inenge inenge 5 muzana yehutano huwandu hwevanhu, zvakare.
ZVACHINHU zvinokonzerwa nechikonzero chimwe chete chinongororwa apo kuongororwa kuri kuumbwa. Chirwere chemuongorori wezvirwere uye mamwe maedzo ekuongorora anofanira kufungidzirwawo nechiremba.
Nhoroondo yezvokurapa inokosha zvakare nokuti mamwe mishonga yemishonga inogona kukonzera "zvinodhaka-induced antinuclear antibodies".
Nharaunda yeAA muMakirwere Akasiyana-siyana
Kutaura-statisti-kutaura, chiitiko chezvakanaka zveAA test results (muzana pamamiriro ezvinhu) ndei:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus kana SLE) - kupfuura 95 muzana
- Progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) - 60 kusvika ku90 muzana
- Rheumatoid arthritis - 25 kusvika ku30 muzana
- Sjogren's syndrome - 40 kusvika ku70 muzana
- Felty's syndrome - inopfuura 75 muzana
- Juvenile arthritis - 15 kusvika ku30 muzana
Zvinyorwa zveAAA kuongororwa ropa dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa kutarisa chirwere chinokonzerwa nemaronda. Nekuda kweizvi, chiremba anogona kuraira anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, Sjogren's syndrome antigens (SSA, SSB), Scl-70 maviri, anti-centromere, anti-histone, uye anti-RNP.
The Bottom Line
Chirwere cheAA ropa chakaoma. Izvozvo zvakati, migumisiro-yakanaka kana yakaipa, titer, pattern, uye subset yemigumisiro yekuedza-inogona kupa vanachiremba zvinyorwa zvinokosha kuti vabatsire kuongorora autoimmune rheumatic zvirwere.
Sources:
> Peng uye Craft. Textbook of Rheumatology. Ninth edition. Elsevier. Chitsauko 55 - Antinuclear Antibodies.
Clinical Diagnosis, Todd-Sanford