Kukanganiswa Kunopera asi Asi Kunowanikwa Muvanhu vane HIV
AIDS demoa complex (ADC), inozivikanwa seHIV encephalopathy, chirwere chepfungwa chinokonzerwa zvakananga neHIV . Icho chiitiko chinosarudzwa neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sehupenyu hunotsanangura AIDS uye hunoratidzika nekuderera kwekuziva, motokari uye maitiro ekuita, zviratidzo zvingasanganisira:
- kuyeuka uye matambudziko ekufungisisa
- kuderedza pfungwa uye / kana kugadzirisa maitiro
- mark behavioral changes
- kuderedza simba / utera
- kurasikirwa kwemhando dzakanaka dzemotokari (sekudengenyeka, kusagadzikana)
- Kurasikirwa nekufambira mberi kwekufamba
- dementia
Dhementia inorondedzerwa seine kupesana kusingagumi kwepfungwa dzinocherechedzwa nehupenyu hunochinja, zvinetso zvepfungwa, uye kufunga kusina kunaka.
Zvinokonzera AIDS Dementia
ADC inowanzoitika muchirwere chakanyanya apo CD4 yevarwere iri pasi pemakumi maviri emasero / μl uye kazhinji inowirirana nehuwandu hwehutachiona.
Kusiyana nemamiriro akawanda ekujekesa AIDS, ADC haisi utachiona hunotarisana nehutano maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu anokonzerwa neHIV pachayo. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti masero machena ane utachiona hweHIV anonzi macrophages uye masero emagunha anonzi microglia secrete neurotoxins anowanzokonzera kukura uye mavhunduka ane mutsara. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuora kwechibvumirano chese synaptic (kureva kutapurirwa kwemashoko pakati peeurons), pamwe nekuratidza kukanganisa kero rufu muineuroni.
Kuongorora nekurapa AIDS Dementia
Hapana chiitiko chimwe chete chinogona kusimbisa kuongororwa kweHIV encephalopathy. Kuongororwa kunowanzoitwa nekuregererwa, kutonga zvimwe zvikonzero zvinokonzerwa nekusaremara. Kuongorora kwakazara kunofanira kuitwa nechiremba ane ruzivo, kuongorora nhoroondo yemurwere, kuongororwa kwebasa (semuenzaniso wekugadzikana ), uropi hunotsvaga (MRI, CT scan) , uye kuongororwa kwezvinonzi "zvikamu zvepakati."
Nharaunda maitiro anoona kusuruvara kwekushaya simba pamwero we 0 kusvika ku 4, sezvinotevera:
- Nhanho 0: Kazhinji motokari uye mupfungwa.
- Nhanho 0.5: Kuderera kusina kumira kwechinhu chinowanzoitika uye simba. Munhu anokwanisa kushanda uye kuita zuva nezuva zuva nezuva.
- Nhanho 1: Kushaya simba kwebasa kwemotokari uye / kana unyanzvi hwepfungwa. Munhu anogona kugona kufamba asingabatsiri uye achiita zvose asi mabasa anonyanya kukosha zuva nezuva.
- Nhanho 2: Haikwanise kushanda uye ine matambudziko ekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakaoma zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Zvisinei, munhu wacho achiri kukwanisa kuzviriritira uye anogona kukwanisa (kunyange dzimwe nguva achibatsirwa nemumwe chete).
- Chikamu chechitatu: Mafungiro makuru uye / kana motokari. Munhu haakwanisi kuzviriritira.
- Nhanho yechina: Pedyo nekudyarwa kwevhu.
Kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvakanyanya zveADC zvakaderera zvikuru muhuwandu kubvira pakusvika kwekubatana kweretroretroviral therapy (ART) , kushaya simba kweutachiona hwemhepo kunenge kuchiri kuonekwa mumapfumbamwe makumi matatu evaya vasina HIV uye 50 muzana yeavo vane AIDS.
Kazhinji, njodzi yeAdC inoonekwa ichikwirira kune vamwe vanhu vasina kukwanisa kuparadzirwa nehutachiona, kunyange zvazvo inogona kuramba iri muzvikamu zvitatu kusvika kune gumi zvevaya vane chirwere chakachengetedzwa zvakakwana.
Zvinotaurwa kuti kutanga kweAIDS inogona kunonoka kana kuderedza dambudziko reAdC.
Kune avo vane hutachiona hunokonzerwa neurocognitive, ART inogona kusanganisira zvinodhaka zviviri nekutenderera kunofadza kweuropi-dambudziko reropa. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-class drugs Retrovir (AZT) uye Ziagen (abacavir), uyewo protease inhibitor-class drug Crixivan (indinavir).
Uyewo Anozivikanwa Se:
- HIV incephalopathy
- HIV-inosangana neurocognitive disorder (HAND)
- Dambudziko rehutachiwana hweHIV (HAD)
> Sources:
> Heaton, K .; Ipai, ini .; Butters; et al. "HNRC 500-Neuropsychology yehutachiona hweHIV pane zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana." Nhoroondo ye International International Neuropsychological Society. May 1995: 1 (3), 231-251.
> Grant, I .; Sacktor, N .; McArthur, J .; et al. "Kuzvidzivirira kwevanhu kwehutachiona hwehutachiona-hunosangana neurocognitive disorders: Fungisisa gap." Annals of Neurology. June 2010; 67 (6): 699-714.
> Robertson, K .; Smurzynski, M ;; Parsons, T .; et al. "Kuwanda uye kukanganisa kwehutachiona hwehutano muH HAART." AIDS. Svondo 12, 2007; 21 (14): 1915-1921.
> Tozzi, V .; Balestra, P .; Bellagamba, R .; et al. "Kushivirira kweAuropathy Neuropsychologic Pasinei Nenguva Yakareba Yakanyanya Kushanda Antiretroviral Therapy muvarwere Nehutachiona hweHIV-Hwakagadzikana Neurocognitive Impairment: Kuwanda uye Njodzi Dambudziko." Zvinyorwa zveAkawana Immune Defence Syndromes. June 1, 2007; 45 (2): 174-182.
> Eden, A .; Mutengo, R; Hagberg, L .; et al. "Kupukunyuka hazvishamisi kune vane HIV-1 vane utachiona hweHIV." Mhemberero yegumi nemasere pamusoro peRevroviruses uye Zvirwere Zvichida. San Francisco, California; 2010.