Iyo Anatomy uye Physiology yeChinzwi Chisikwa cheChangu
Chii chinonzi hypodermis kana pasi pepakati peganda? Ndeipi mhando yemaviri iyi (maitiro uye chimiro) uye chinangwa chei (physiology kana basa)? Izvo izvi zvakakosha zvakadini pakukwegura, uye chii chinorapa zvirwere chinokanganisa hypodermis? Ndeapi kurapwa kwepurasitiki kunowanikwa pane izvi zvishoma kuti kuderedze zviratidzo zvekukwegura?
Overview
Iyo hypodermis inonzi mukati-kati (kana yakadzika) uye yakanyanya kupenya kweganda.
Iyo inozivikanwawo se subcutaneous layer kana subcutaneous tissue.
Izvo zvikamu zveganda zvinosanganisira epidermis (kunze kwekunze), dermis (iyo inotevera yakatarwa inotakurwa nemidzi yeropa nemishu), uye ipapo hypodermis.
Anatomy uye Urongwa
Iyo hypodermis ine masero anozivikanwa se fibroblasts, adipose tishu (mafuta masero), zvibatanidza zvipembenene, mishonga yakakura nemidziyo yeropa, uye macrophages , masero ayo ari chikamu chemuviri wechirwere chemuviri uye anobatsira kuchengetedza muviri wako usingabhadhari.
Uhu hwakawanda hwe hypdermis hunosiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzomuviri uye hunogona kusiyana zvikuru pakati pevanhu vakasiyana. Mukati, hutema hwe hypodermis ine basa rinokosha pakusiyanisa pakati pevarume nevakadzi. Muvanhu iyo hyperdermis yakawanda mukati mamuviri nemapfudzi, asi kuvakadzi iyo yakawanda muhudyu, mahudyu, uye mabako.
Basa (Physiology)
Iyo hypodermis inogona kutanga kuonekwa semashu inoshandiswa kunyanya yekuchengetedza kwemafuta, asi ine mamwe mabasa anokoshawo zvakare.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kuchengeta mafuta (kuchengetedza magetsi)
- Kudzivirirwa (kufunga mafungiro uye kugara pachigaro chakaoma)
- Kusangana nechepamusoro peganda remukati (dermis uye epidermis) kune zvisikwa zvepasi zvakadai semapfupa ako uye cartilage, nekusimbisa zvivako mukati mehutanda hwakadai semashupa nemidziyo yeropa
- Mutemo wekushisa mutemo - Izvi zvinoshandisa sevhavharidzi, zvinopa kudzivirirwa kunotonhora, uye zvinodzivirira mutumbi kupisa nekupisa kuburikidza nekutuka.
- Hormone production - The hormone leptin yakavanzwa nemasero ekutaurira muviri kuti ndiyo nguva yekurega kudya.
Mamiriro Ezvinhu Anobatsira Hypodermis
Kune hutano hwakasiyana-siyana hwezvehutano uye hutano hwehutano hwakabatana nehupamhi hwepakati peganda:
Hypothermia uye Overheating - Kuonda kwe hypodermis nezera ndeimwe yezvikonzero izvo vanhu vakwegura vanowanzosangana ne hypothermia. Kana iwe uchinyanya kupisa, iyi nhau haisi iyo yakanaka chaizvo. Kuonda kwe hypodermis zvakare kunogona kureva kuti iwe unosuruvara zvishoma, uye kusava nekuputika kwakakosha mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekupisa kupisa uye kupisa kupisa.
Injections - Kunyange zvazvo mishonga yakawanda inopiwa intravenously, imwe inoshandiswa mu hypodermis (subcutaneous layer). Mienzaniso yemishonga inogona kupiwa ne subcutaneous (subQ) injection inosanganisira epiphephrine yekugadzirisa zvirwere, zvimwe zvirwere, insulin, mamwe mishonga inobereka, mamwe mishonga yemakemikari, kukura hormone, uye anti-arthritis zvinodhaka seEbrel. Mishonga inopiwa nemajekiseni epasi-sono inononoka kudarika zvinodhaka zvakapiwa nemajojo emubhadharo, zvichiita majekiseni e-subQ inzira yakanaka yemishonga yakawanda.
Kuwedzerwa muviri - Mafuta akawanda omuviri ari mu hypodermis, iyo yakagadziriswa zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzeresa , uye pfungwa kupfuura dzose muviri wemafuta yakaenzana-pamwe nekuremekedza iyo inogona kuita kutamba mumuviri wemagetsi uye chirwere chemwoyo .
The Hypodermis and Aging
Kunyange zvazvo iyo hypodermis isingaoneki, inogona kuva nemigumisiro inoshamisa pakuonekwa kweganda uye nzira yekukwegura kunokanganisa ganda, kunyanya munzvimbo yechiso nehuro. Nokukwegura, hutachiona hwemaziso hunoderera uye pane zvishoma zvingatsigira mhuka kuti dzitsigire turgor yakasununguka uye elasticity yeganda. Ganda rechitsipa rinotanga kunyura uye rinokonzera kutarisa kunogona kududzirwa sekutarisa kuneta. Mapfupa nemisungo yechiso zvinorasikirwa nehuwandu.
Hyaluronic Acid Fillers yekukwegura
Kugadzirisa kurasikirwa kwemaziso uye kurwisa zvinokonzerwa nokukwegura, hyaluronic acid fillers, inoshandiswa zvakananga kuchinjwa kwehuwandu, inogona kuiswa.
Hyaluronic acid inowirirana nemuviri uye inogona kunge iri sarudzo yakanaka yezadza yefa. Inowanikwa zvakasikwa mumutumbi ine huwandu hwakanyanya muzvinyoro zvinyoro zvinoshandiswa uye mhepo inopenya maziso. Inowanikwawo muhututi uye pamwe chete mvura.
Injowa ye hyaluronic acid yezadza inotsigira zvigadziro zvemaziso uye masukisi ayo arasikirwa nehuwandu uye elasticity. Inoshanda sevotumizer kuburikidza nekuunza mvura kumusoro kweganda, zvichiita kuti ione sechinyatsonaka uye yakachena. Iyo inomira uye inokwidza masaya, maruva uye temberi. Muzadziro unogonawo kuzadzisa miromo yakaonda uye maoko akazara ayo atanga kupera.
Kunyange zvazvo migumisiro yakaipa isingawanzoitiki, kune ngozi kune injection ye hyaluronic acid. Pane njodzi yekuita zvinokonzera, uye zvechokwadi, mugumisiro wezvigadziro haugoni kuva iwe wawakanga watarisira.
Pasi Pano pa Hypodermis
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vachifunga nezve hypodermis sechinhu chimwe chete cheganda rinochengeta mafuta, zvinonyanya kukosha pakuchengeta kutonhora kwemuviri nemamwe mabasa.
Sources:
Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, naJames A. Perkins. Robbins uye Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier / Saunders, 2015. Print.