Tsanangudzo Pamusoro Pomuviri Mukuru Womuviri
Ganda ndiro nhengo huru, uye ndeimwe yezvinonyanya kuoma. Inogara ichishandura, uye ine mazamu akawanda akawanda uye zvivako. Basa guru reganda nderokushanda sechidziviriro chinodzivirira chinobatana nedzimwe nguva-inotyisa. Inobatsirawo kudzora kutonhora kwemuviri, inounganidza ruzivo rwemashoko kubva kune zvakapoteredza mamiriro ezvinhu, uye inobata basa rinobatsira mumuviri wechirwere chekuzvidzivirira kuchengetedza muviri kubva kune zvirwere.
Kudzidza kuti ganda rinoshanda sei nekunzwisisa kwechimiro chezvikamu zvitatu zveganda: epidermis, dermis, uye subcutaneous tissue.
Epidermis
Iyo epidermis ndiyo yakatsetseka yezvikamu zvitatu zveganda. Uhu hwayo hunoenderana nehuripo pane muviri. Semuenzaniso, ndiyo thinnest pamakumbo emawere (hafu yemamita mamita). Iyo yakareba pane zvanza zvemaoko nemaoko emakumbo (1.5 millimita).
Pane zvikamu zvishanu zvepidermis:
- Stratum basale: Iyi yakadzika pasi, iyo inozivikanwawo sebasal cell layer, ine masero e-seal-shaped masal cell anoparadzanisa uye anosvitsa masero akare kusvika kumusoro kweganda. Sezvo masero acho achikwira kuburikidza neganda , vanoratidzira uye vanozofa nekudurura.
- Stratum spinosum: Ichi chakavhara, icho chinozivikanwawo se squamous cell layer, ndiyo yakatsetseka yakawanda ye epidermis. Iine keratinocyte ichangobva kuumbwa, inosimbisa mapuroteni. Iyo inewo Langerhans masero anobatsira kudzivirira utachiona.
- Stratum granulosum: Ichi chando chinowedzera keratinocytes inofamba ichienda kumusoro.
- Stratum lucidum: Ichi kutara inongova pazvanza zvemaoko nemaoko emakumbo.
- Stratum corneum: Ichi ndicho chepamusoro kana chepamusoro chepidermis. Yakagadzirwa nevakafa, mapapiro makeratinocyte akateura anenge mavhiki maviri.
Epidermis ine masero matatu anokosha:
- Melanocytes inobereka pigment (melanin)
- Langerhans masero ayo anoshanda semutsetse wekutanga wezvidziviriro muhutachiona hweganda
- Merkel masero anenge ane basa risati rava kunyatsonzwisiswa
The Dermis
Iyo dermis ndeyakati yepakati pezvikamu zvitatu zveganda. Icho chiri pakati pe epidermis uye zviduku zviduku. Iine zvinogunzva mavara, ropa remakumbo, mafuta nemafuta e sweat, magumo ekupedzisira, uye bvudzi follicles. Dermis inoparadzaniswa kuita zvikamu zviviri-iyo papillary dermis, iyo inopfa, yakakwirira, uye reticular dermis, iyo yakareba, yakasara. Uturu hwemvura hunopesana zvichienderana nekugara kwomuviri. Pamusoro emawere, anenge 0,6 mamita akaenzana. Kumashure, zvanza zvemaoko, uye zviso zvemakumbo anenge mamita mamita matatu.
Dermis iri kumba kwemhando mitatu yakasiyana yemasukisi ayo aripo yose:
- Collagen
- Elastic tissue
- Reticular fibers
Iyo dermis ine maverengero masero akajeka uye zvivako, kusanganisira:
- Hair follicles
- Sebaceous glands
- Apocrine uye endocrine glands
- Mishonga yeropa uye kuguma kwemhepo
- Meissner corpuscles uye lamellar corpuscles iyo inotaridza manzwiro ekubata uye kuoma.
The Subcutaneous Tissue
Mucheka mutsvuku ndiyo yakadzika uye mukati-kati yezvikamu zvitatu zveganda. Inonyanya kuumbwa nemafuta, zvinogadzirisa mishonga uye midzi midzi yeropa neropa.
Uhu huno hutenderera huchienderana nekusvika kwauri pamuviri-somuenzaniso, hwakakosha pamakumbo, zviso zvetsoka, uye zvanza zvemaoko.
Mishonga yechipfuva inonyanya kukosha kwehutano hwehutano hwemuviri. Iko inoshandawo sechikwata, saka kana iwe ukambowa kana kurova chimwe chinhu nemuviri wako, inochengetedza mawere ako uye inoita kuti kukuvadzwa kunetseke zvishoma.
> Kwakabva:
> Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins uye Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease . Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2015.