Chimwe Chekuwedzera Kuwedzera
Izwi rokuti 'kuneta' kunokandwa pasi pose, uye dzimwe nguva zvingasava pachena zvazvinoreva. Rinoreva munhu wose ane uremu hwepamusoro kana ane huwandu hunorema kurasikirwa? Kana zvinopfuura izvozvo? Ikoko mune tsanangudzo yezvehutano yekunenepa, pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwehuwandu, uye kuziva kusiyanisa kunokosha kune utano hwako.
Chii Chinorema Kudarika?
Iyo tsanangudzo yezvehutano yehutano inobata pane kuverenga kwemuviri mass index (BMI).
A normal BMI inotsanangurwa seinowa pakati pe18.5 ne 24,9 kilograms pamamita mana. Mamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa nemishonga sezvo kunyanya kudarika kunorondedzerwa seBMI ye 25.0 kusvika ku29.9, uye kamwechete BMI ikarova 30.0, iyo inokonzera chirongwa chepamutemo chezvokurapa kwekuneta. Kuonekwa kwehutano hwakanyanya kunoshandiswa paBMI ye 40.0 kana kupfuura.
Zvinonyanya kukosha, kunyanya ikozvino kwave kuchionekwa sechirwere mukati uye pachako. Muna 2013, American Medical Association (AMA) yakaratidza zvakajeka kuti yakadaro, ichibvuma "hukuru hwevanhu uye hupfumi hwehutano hwekuwedzeredza sekuda kwekurapa, kutsvakurudza uye dzidzo kune dzimwe zvirwere zvikuru zvepachirwere zvenyika yose."
Kutaura zvazviri, kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwehutano ndeimwe yezvinetso zvehutano zvehutano zvevanhu munguva yedu. Maererano neWorld Health Organization (WHO), vanhu vanodarika bhiriyoni rimwechete munyika yose vanodarika, uye zvinokwana mamiriyoni mazana matatu evanhu vakuru vanowana tsanangudzo yezvehutano yekuneta. Uyezve, WHO inofungidzira kuti kuderera kunokonzera zvikamu zviviri kusvika kuzana kubva muzana zvezvese zvehutano mari mune dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira, uye kupararira kwayo munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope kwakapetwa katatu kubva kuma1980. Kunyange nyika dzichiri kusimukira ikozvino dzakagadzirirwa uye, mumatambudziko mazhinji, dziri kuona kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu nekuwedzeredza kunokurumidza kupinda munyika dzakabudirira.
Zvinhu Zvishanu Kuti Uzive Nezvokuderedza
1) Ikoko Kune Zvikonzero Zvikuru zveUkuwedzera
Zvimwe zvizvarwa , uye zvakawanda ndezvakatipoteredza. Zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu zvinosanganisira mararamiro ehupenyu sekutungamira mararamiro ehupenyu , kudya zvinowedzera shuga , kudya nguva yakawanda, nekusawana kukwana zvakakwana, pakati pevamwe. Mamwe mishonga uye zvehutano zvinogonawo kuita kuti uwane kuwedzera.
2) Kuwedzera muviri kunodzivirirwa
Sezvakawanda nezvirwere zvisingaperi, zvakadai sechirwere chetachiona uye chirwere chemwoyo (zvose zviri zviviri zvinobatanidzwawo nekuwedzeredza), kunyanya kuneta-zvikuru kana kusingadi zvachose-kudzivirirwa.
Nzira dzekudzivirira kukwegura dzinosanganisira kuziva zviitiko zvako zvengozi , kuva wakangwarira pamusoro pekunamatira kune kudya kwakanaka , kuita nguva yekuvhima kwezuva nezuva, nekuramba uchifamba zuva rose.
3) Kuwedzeresa Icho Chinokonzera Njodzi Kune Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvirwere Zvirwere
Kuwedzera uye kuwandisa kwepamusoro kwakabatanidzwa kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekenza, chirwere chemwoyo, chirwere chepachiviri chepamusoro , chirwere cheropa chepamusoro , chirwere cheshuga, kuvhiringidza kupererwa kwepabonde , uye kunyange kutadza. Zvinosuruvarisa, uye zvichida kwenguva yekutanga munhau, kuwandisa uye kuneta kwepamusoro ikozvino kunokonzerwa nekufa kwevakawanda munyika yose kudarika kusagadzikana kwezvokudya kana kuti kuisa pasi.
Munyika yose, maererano neHIV statistics, 44 muzana yehuga, chirwere cheshuga, 23 muzana ye ischemic matenda epamusoro, uye zvinokwana 41 muzana yemamwe makondombera anogona kunzi kuwedzera kudarika uye kuora.
Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti kurasikirwa nekurema uye kurapwa kwekuneta kunogona kuchinja njodzi idzi. Kutsvakurudza kwakawana kuti kurasikirwa ne5 muzana kune 10 muzana yehuwandu hunorema kunogona kukonzera kuderedzwa kunoshamisa mukugadzirisa kwehutano hwehutano hwakanyanya. Uye kuwana maitiro ezuva nezuva, pasinei nekurasikirwa kwehutano hunobatanidzwa, ine zvikwereti zvehutano zvakakwana.
4) Kuberekwa Kwevana Ndiro Global Health Problem
Kuberekwa kwehutano kwave kuchiri kuwedzera kuUnited States kwemakore anoverengeka ikozvino, uye, maererano neAmerican Heart Association (AHA), inenge imwe chete muvana vatatu nevechiri kuyaruka yakazara kana kuwandisa.
Sezvo AHA inotsanangura, chiyero ichi chave chinenge katatu chaive muna 1963. Kutaura zvazviri, hutano hwehutano hwave hwakanyanya kupararira uye hunotyisa kuhutano hwevana kuti America Academy yePediatrics ikozvino ine webhusaiti yose yakatsaurirwa kudzivirira nekurapa.
Izvi hazvina mubvunzo zvakaoma kuti chero mubereki anzwe. Kana iwe unonetseka kuti mwana wako angave ane uremu hwepamusoro kana urema, iva nechokwadi chekukurukurirana kunetseka kwako nemwana wevana vako uye kukumbira rubatsiro nemagadzirirwo anokwanisa kutungamirira kukurasikirwa kwemazivi izvo zvakakodzera mwana wako nemamiriro ako.
Kana mwana wako akapiwa chirwere chokunyanyisa, unogona kushanda nemwana wako nenzira yakanaka yekuita basa rezuva nezuva rinonakidza (kunyanya kana iye asingakwanisi kuwana dzidzo yenyama kuchikoro), nekukurudzira kudya kwakanaka tsika. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora matanho ekukurudzira tsika dzakanaka pamazororo ayo anowanzobatanidzwa nehuga kushandiswa, kufanana neHalloween neIsita, nekuita kuti zvive zvakakosha kudya pamusha kakawanda.
Uyewo chenjerera kubvisa zvinwiwa zvinodhaka kubva mukudya kwemwana wako, uye tsvaka mabasa emhuri-anofadza anosanganisira kurovedza muviri, kunyanya kunze.
5) Kurapa kwakasiyana-siyana ikozvino kunowanikwa kuwedzerwa
Izvi zvinowanzobva mukudya uye mararamiro ezvehupenyu zvinoshandiswa kumishonga inopesana nekunyanyisa, mishonga yezvokurapa, uye nzira dzekuvhiya dzinoita kuti kurerwe kwekurema, sekuita chirongwa cheraatric.
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Pane Kubatana Pakati Pekurema Kwangu uye Mishonga Yangu?
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Ndechipi Kusiyana Kwekuwedzera Kwakawanda uye Kuve Kwakanaka?
Maererano nehutano hwekuwedzera kwehutano hwakabudiswa neAHA, American College of Cardiology (ACC), uye yeThe Obesity Society (TOS), chirongwa che chirongwa chemaawa chinosarudzwa kune avo vane hutano hwakanyanya ivo vakatoedza kudya uye mararamiro ehupenyu uye anti-obesity mishonga , uye vachiri neBMI ye40 kana yakakura, kana BMI ye 35 kana yakakura pamwe nedzimwe mamiriro ezvehutano anozivikanwa kuti anokonzerwa nekudisa.
MuUnited States, chimiro chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chekuvhiyiwa kwainzi bariatric (inozivikanwawo se "chirongwa chekureruka-kurasikirwa") ndiyo nzira yekugadzira gumbo (inonziwo sleeve gastrectomy).
Kana Iwe Wakave Uchangobva Kuzivikanwa Nokunyanyisa
Iwe ungangodaro wakaverenga yako BMI kushandisa chero imwe yepamusoro yeBII calculators kunze uko uye wakatsunga kuti iwe unorema, kana kuti zvimwe wakamboudzwa kudaro nachiremba wako kana imwe nyanzvi yehutano.
Zvakakosha kukurukura kuti matanho ako anotevera ekurapa kuneta kwako kunofanira kuva nechiremba wako. Kazhinji, kuchinja kune zvaunodya uye muviri wekuita basa kuchakurudzirwa kutanga.
Kunewo mapoka mapoka uye mitambo inogona kubatsira. Kudya Vanhu Vasingazivikanwi, semuenzaniso, iboka revanhu vanobatsirana rinotevedzwa purogiramu 12-diki. Misangano inoitwa pasi rose, uye nhengo dzinogona kuramba dzichinyatsozivikanwa.
Uyezve, kana iwe uchifunga kuti unogona kuva chidhakwa , kune zvokudya zvekudya zvinonzi Anonymous, rimwe boka rinotsigira rinogona kubatsira, kunyanya kana iwe uchizviwana uri kuita kudya-kukanganiswa mafambiro kana kutendeukira kune zvokudya zvezvikonzero zvepfungwa.
Chinhu chinokosha chokuyeuka ndechokuti kuneta kunoporesa. Kunyange zvazvo zvichatora kuzvitsaurira nekuzvipira kune iwe, pamwe nekuchinja kwakakomba uye kwakanyatsofungidzirwa kune mararamiro ako ezvisikwa, haufaniri kurasa-zvinobatsira kune utano hwako hwemazuva mazhinji hunokosha zvikuru.
Yeuka kuti kutsvakurudza kwakawana kuti kurasikirwa ne5 kubva muzana kusvika kune 10 kubva muzana yemutumbi wako kana uine uremu hwepamusoro kana hupfuva kunogona kuita kusiyana kwakanyanya muhutano hwako. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvandudzwa kwezvipingamupinyi zvehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa, zvakadai sokukwirira kwecholesterol uye kuwedzerwa kweropa, uyewo panjodzi yakanyanya kuderedzwa yekukura chirwere cheshuga chechipiri .
Matanho Anotevera Okufunga
Kana iwe wakamboonekwa uine uremu huzhinji, iva nechokwadi chekuita chero ropa rega rega chiremba wako anorumbidza, kunyanya shuga yeropa, chiropa, uye utachiona, izvo zvinogona kuzarura zvirwere zvine chokuita nokuwedzerwa.
Maererano neUnited States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), kuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga nekuongorora shuga yeropa inokurudzirwa kune vanhu vakuru vane uwandu hwepamusoro kana kuwandisa uye vari pakati pemakore 40 kusvika makumi manomwe. Zvakanaka, izvi zvaizoitwa gore negore sechikamu chekuongorora kwehutano uye kuongorora kwehutano hwemwoyo.
Shoko Rinobva
Kurarama nekuneta kunogona kuva kwakaoma. Asi yeuka-nhamo, kuneta kunoporesa uye kunogona kushandurwa. Chero zvipi zviduku zvishoma zvaunogona kuita zvichave zvakakosha. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekudya uye mararamiro emararamiro, mishonga, chirongwa chekuvhiya, kana kusanganiswa kwezviri pamusoro. Iwe hausi woga. Yeuka kuti, uchipa kuwanda kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera nekuwedzererwa kwepanyika munyika nhasi, ruzhinji rwevanhu muUnited States uye pasi pose vari kugovera rwendo urwu uye kurwisana uku newe. Usafe wakasiyana nazvo.
> Sources:
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> Fontaine KR, Redden DT, Wang C, et al. Makore Oupenyu Akarasika Nokuda Kwekuwedzera. JAMA 2003; 289: 187-193.
> Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Kuwanda kwevana nehukuru hwekuwedzera muUnited States, 2011-2012. JAMA. 2014; 311 (8): 806-814.
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> Siu AL; US Preventive Services Task Force. Kuchengetedza Kwemafupa Eropa Risina Kuipa uye Rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga Mellitus: US Preventive Services Task Force Hurukuro Nyaya. Ann Intern Med 2015; 163: 861-8.
> Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, et al. Kudzivirira Chirwere Cheshuga Chirwere cheshuga Mellitus nekuchinja muMararamiro Evanhu Pakati pevanhu vane Matambudziko Glucose Kushivirira. N Eng J Med 2001; 344: 1343-1350.
> World Health Organization. 10 Nyaya pamusoro pekuwedzera. Inowanika paIndaneti pa http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/facts/en/index3.html musi wa2 Gumiguru 2014.