Osteoporosis , iyo inoreva kuti "porous bone", chirwere chinozivikanwa nekufambira mberi kwefupa rakatetepa. Kuora kwemafupa emapfupa kunogona kutungamirira pfupa fragility uye kuputsika, kunyanya muhudyu, musana, uye wrist.
Osteoporosis inonzi inonzi chirwere cheArthritis. Kazhinji, osteoporosis inokanganiswa neasteoarthritis (iyo inowanzozivikanwa yeArthritis), asi iyo zvirwere zviviri zvakasiyana.
Zviratidzo
Osteoporosis inoratidzika se "chirwere chisingarevi" sezvo hutachiona hwemapfupa hwakarasika kwemakore akawanda pasina zviratidzo zvakajeka kana zviratidzo. Chirwere ichi chinoramba chichigere kuwanikwa kusvikira chichikwira zvokuti mapfupa asina simba anokanganiswa nyore nyore. Osteoporosis ndiyo inokonzera kupera kwemamiriyoni 1,5 gore negore.
Ndiani Anowana Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis inonyanya kukosha kwehutano hwevanhu nehuwandu hwemamiriyoni makumi maviri nemakumi maviri eAmerica akabatwa, 80% mavari vakadzi. Zvave zvichifungidzirwa kuti mumwe wevakadzi vaviri uye mumwe chete pavarume vashanu achaona kuputika kwehutano hwehupombwe pane imwe nguva muupenyu hwavo. Nezera remakore makumi manomwe, chikamu chetatu chevarume vose chichagadziriswa ne osteoporosis. Kunyange zvazvo osteoporosis inofungidzirwa sechirwere chemunhu wekare, iyo inogona kukwanisa chero ipi zvayo.
Risk Factors
Kune zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvinokonzerwa zvinoita kuti vamwe vanhu vagone kuwedzera osteoporosis kupfuura vamwe:
- advanced age
- kuva mukadzi
- nhoroondo yemhuri yeasteoporosis
- chimedu chakaonda kana chiduku
- kutanga kuenda kumwedzi , zvisikwa kana kuti chirwere
- varume vane chechi chepamusoro testosterone
- amenorrhea
- anorexia kana bulimia
- chirwere chinotyisa
- rheumatoid arthritis
- zvirwere zvinosanganisira kubvongwa mumukaka kudyiwa kwe calcium
- kushandiswa kwemishonga yekuroticosteroid (shandisa doro rinotsika pasi rinogona kuderedza dambudziko re osteoporosis nemimwe migumisiro)
- kushandisa anticonvulsant zvinodhaka
- kudya zvakaderera mu calcium
- kusava nekurovedza muviri
- fodya fodya
- kunyanya kushandisa doro re caffeine
Kuziva
Kuonekwa kwokutanga kwehutachiona kunokosha zvikuru. Kune zviedzo zvinogona kuona matambudziko emapfupa emasvomhu:
- Low level x-ray pamunwe kana pfumo
- Ultrasound yechitsitsinho
- CT scan of the spine
- Bhudziro rehutano scan rinozivikanwa seDDEA (Dual Energy X-Ray Absorption Test
Zvekare x-rays hazvioni kuti osteoporosis kusvikira pfumbamwe yemapfupa akawanda atofa. Panguva iyoyo kunetseka kuputsika kwave kuripo. DEXA inoshandiswa kare yekuona uye inogona kuona seashoma sezana rimwe remapfupa kurasikirwa.
DEXA inoshandisa hutsika hwehutachiona hwemhepo, inotarisa kumucheka uye musana unove nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuparara, uye inonzi yakachengeteka uye inogadzikana kumurwere. Zvisinei, DEXA iyo yave ichinzi "yegoridhe muzinga" wemapfupa ehutachiona hunogona kunge isingafukwi nemamwe mapurisa emishuwarenzi. Mukudaro, vanhu vari pangozi ye osteoporosis vanofanira kuwana imwe yezvinhu zvisingadhuri zvakanyanyisa zvakaitwa kutanga. Kana pane uchapupu hwepafupa kurasikirwa nekambani ye inshuwarisi ingangodaro yakabhadhara muedzo we DEXA sezvo inoratidzwa.
Kurapa
Kune ikozvino mazvikamu akawanda emishonga inoshandiswa kurapa osteoporosis:
- estrogens
- parathyroid hormones
- bone formation agents
- bisphosphonates
- sarudza estergen receptor modulators
Zvichienderana nezvinoshandiswa nemishonga unogona kuderedza kupera kwemapfupa, kukurudzira kufema kwemafupa, uye kuderedza dambudziko rezviputsi. Zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa pakupa osteoporosis zvino zvinosanganisira:
- Actonel (Risedronate)
- Boniva (Ibandronate)
- Didronel (Etidronate)
- Estrogens (Hormone Therapy)
- Evista (Raloxifene)
- Forteo (Teriparatide)
- Fosamax (Alendronate)
- Miacalcin (Calcitonin)
Kudzivirira
Kudzivirira kweasteoporosis kunonyanya kusungirirwa kune zvinhu zvitatu:
- Zvokudya zvakakodzera, zvine zvakakwana calcium uye vitamini D kuburikidza nezvokudya kana kuwedzera
- Kudzivirira-kuitisa muviri
- Kupedza njodzi yako nekuteerera kutaridzika kwezvinhu zvinogona kuitika (semuenzaniso, kusvuta)
Osteoporosis uye Nutrition
Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinokanganisa mafupa. Calcium inoita muviri unokosha wehutano hwepfupa. Chaizvoizvo, 99 muzana yemuviri wekasiyumu inowanika mufupa. Calcium inodiwawo kuitira basa rakanaka remwoyo, masimba, mitsipa, pamwe chete neropa rekuvhara ropa.
Kune dzimwe mishonga inokosha nokuti inokanganisa calcium absorption uye calcium excretion. Vitamini D inowedzera calcium inogadziriswa mukati memakumbo emimba uye naizvozvo inokurudzira kugadzika kwekasiki. Zvitubu zvevhithamini D zvinosanganisira kuvhenekera kwezuva, hove dzakakora, mazai, chiropa, nekudya zvakasimba (kusanganisira mukaka uye multivitamins).
Mapuroteni anodikanwa mukudya kwedu nokuti inobatsira pakukura kwemaviri, pamwe nekugadzirisa mhuka. Mapuroteni anowanikwawo pakugadzirisa kupera uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemasimba ezvirwere. Puroteni, kunyange zvakadaro, inowedzera calcium excretion iyo inoita kuti pave neidiwa rekuwedzera calcium kuti urambe uine mukana wakakwana wezvibereko mumuviri.
Sodium, pamwe chete nemakloride sezvikamu zvemuyu, uyewo kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwe calcium. Vanhu avo vanowanzova nepamusoro pemunyu vanoda imwe calcium.
Oxalate inowanikwa mune zvimwe zvokudya, zvakadai sapinashi, rhubarb, uye mbatata. Oxalate inopesana nekisikiamu inogadzirwa kubva kune imwe nyama yezvokudya.
Phosphorus inokosha mineral muzvokudya zvedu. Nyaya ye phosphorus mumitumbi yedu inowanikwa mumapfupa, uye ine maduku maduku anowanikwa mumeno, DNA, uye masero emukati. Kunyanya kudya kudya kwephosphorus (semuenzaniso, cola kana kudya zvakagadziriswa) kunogona kukanganisa kuwedzera kwekasiamu. Kazhinji, izvi hazvioneki sechinetso kune vanhu vane hutano hwepfungwa.
Zvokudya zvine caffeine zvinogona kuderedza calcium absorption, asi kwete zvikuru. Kutaura zvazviri, kuderedzwa kunogona kukanganiswa nekubatanidza mukaka mukudya kwako. Ingoziva kuti caffeine inoderedza calcium kunyanya uye inoita kuti chive chikonzero chokugumisa izvozvo.
Zvakakosha kubhadhara kunyanzvi. Kudya kwakakwana kwezvibereko kunobatsira kuchengetedza utano hwemapfupa uye kuderedza dambudziko rako rekuvandudza osteoporosis.
Sources:
Glucocorticoid-Inobatsira Osteoporosis Guidelines Overview, American College of Rheumatology. Yakavandudzwa June 2015.
Chikamu Chechokwadi paOsteoporosis. American College of Rheumatology. Kuvandudza May 2015.
Osteoporosis Overview. NIH Osteoporosis uye Related Bone Matenda.
Zvokudya uye Maziso Ako. National Osteoporosis Foundation.