Vatsigiri uye Mhirizhonga mune Matsi uye Dambudziko rekunzwa Community
Ndini yakavharwa mashoko ekutanga avepo? Ndeipi nhoroondo yemutauro wemasaini? Kurarama munguva ino yemazuva ano, zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti nyika yakanga yakaita sei munguva yakapfuura kune avo matsi uye vakaoma kunzwa. Kutora nguva yekuziva vatongi vazhinji vanoita mutsauko, vose matsi uye vanhu vanonzwa, chinhu chatinofanira kuita isu tose.
Nhoroondo yevasina maturo uye nhaka inofadza chaizvo uye inofadza. Vanhu vanoda kudzidza nezvekutsiva munhoroondo vanogona kuverenga nezvezviitiko zvakadai seTeaf President President zvino kufamba kwakaita kuti Gallaudet University ive mutungamiri wezvisina matsi wekutanga, dzidze nezvekuvandudzwa kwemazwi ekusimbisa teerera, kuverenga nezvekusarura muzvikoro zveve matsi, uye kudzidza nezve vanhu vazhinji munhoroondo avo vaiva matsi.
Ngatitarisei nezvevanhu vashomanana chete, kufamba, uye teknolojia yakagadzira kusiyana kune avo matsi kana zvakaoma kunzwa.
Kuita zvechisimba kune Matsi uye Dambudziko rekunzwa Community
Matsi uye dzakaoma zvekunze munharaunda dzine nheyo yakasimba yekushandura. Kaviri, vadzidzi veGadlaudet yeYunivhesiti vaibatanidzwa mukurwisana, kutanga muma1980 uyezve zvakare kumavambo ekuma2000.
Sangano rekutanga, "Deaf President President Now," rakaguma pakusarudzwa kwekutanga mutungamiriri wezvitema weGallaudet University.
Mukupikisa kwechipiri, " Kubatana kweGallaudet ," vadzidzi vakasimuka vachipikisa chisarudzo chisingafarirwi mutungamiriri wenyika, uye vakaisa pfungwa kune zvidzidzo paGallaudet.
Assistive Technology: History uye Technology
Anenge nguva yakareba sekunge kune matsi, kune kambani yekugadzirisa teknolojia . Teknolojia yakapa matsi uye yakaoma kunzwa vanhu vanhu kukwanisa kunzwa, vakavabatsira kushandisa foni, uye vakaita kuti mapurogiramu evhidhiyo afarirwe.
Iwe unogona kufunga nezvekuvharidzira mashoko akavharidzirwa ave akakomberedzwa nokusingaperi, asi nhoroondo yezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zviduku zvikuru. Inyanzvi iyi yakatanga nemashoko akazaruka kuChef French muna 1972, nekutsekwa mashoko ekuvharwa kuvapo asi asikwanika zvikuru mumavambo ekuma80. Mutemo weTerecom we1996 wakapa mvumo yekuvhara mashoko, iyo zvino yakawanikwa zvikuru kune matsi uye yakaoma yekunzwa munharaunda.
Nhoroondo yekusungirirwa kwechinyorwa yakatanga kutanga pfupi pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, asiwo zvakare. Chiedza chekutanga chekushandisa magetsi kubatsira rubatsiro chaive muna 1790. Unyanzvi hwekombiyuta hwakabviswa muchikamu chekupedzisira chezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, uye kubva muna 1984, havasisirizve kuedza. Iyi teknolojia inoenderera mberi ichivandudza panenge mheni inomhanya.
Kubva pamabhosvo anonyangadza kusvika kune maBTE akareruka, kunzwa rubatsiro kwakashanduka zvakajeka kuburikidza nemakore.
Nekutumira mameseji, Skype, uye email tinogona kukanganwa matambudziko ekukurukurirana, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai apo vabereki vane matsi vanonzwa vana. Asi mberi kwekufambira mberi uku kwakauya terevhizheni yefoni kana TTY . Nhamba yekutanga yekufamba kure yakashandisa kushandisa TTY yakaitwa muna 1964 nemuumbi wayo, Robert Weitbrecht.
Kuponeswa Kwemari muVasina uye Kunyanya Kunzwa Community
Kubudirira kwezvemari mune matsi uye zvakaoma munharaunda yekunzwa kwave yakazara nematambudziko munhau yose.
Semuenzaniso, mukudengenyeka kukuru kwema1930, matsi vanhu vakatarisana nematambudziko akadai sekuteerera vanhu, asi zvakawanda. Vaya vairarama panguva iyoyo vanoyeuka "vatengesi matsi." Vaya vakanga vari matsi kana kunzwa zvakaoma vaizopa vanhu kadhi refabheti mukutsinhana mari.
Matsi Dzidzo
Dzidzo isina maturo muUnited States ine nhoroondo refu, kudzokera kuzana remakore rechi19.
Zvichida kukanganisa kwakanyanya mupfungwa yakaipa yaiva Milan 1880 . Pano musangano wenyika dzakawanda wevatadzi matsi, sarudzo yakagadziriswa kurambidza mutauro wemasaini. Nyika bedzi panguva iyo yaipikisa kurambidzwa yaiva United States neGreat Britain.
Kusarura muzvikoro zveve matsi kwakanga kwakaomawo. Sezvo zvikoro zvehuruzhinji zvakaparadzaniswa, vadzidzi vane matema vakanga vasingachakwanisi kuenda kuchikoro nevadzidzi vane matsi vachena, kunyange muchikoro chakafanana.
Kwete yose nhoroondo, zvisinei, yakanga isina kunaka. Tora nguva yekushandisa nhoroondo yeGallaudet Yunivhesiti kuti uone kuti kuzvininipisa kunotanga sei mumatsi matsi kwakakura kuva simba.
Media uye Hearing
Sezvo nehutanoki uye dzidzo, basa remasvikiro mune matsi uye rakaoma remunharaunda inonzwa rakagadzirisa zvikuru. Matsi uye zvakaoma zvekunzwa mabhuku uye zvinyorwa zvemashoko zvakapararira, kutanga neyo zvino yakasiya basa "Silent News."
Vanhu vane matsi (kana vasati vari matsi vatambi) vave vari kuterevhizheni kwemakumi emakore. Ikoko kwakatove kuedza kuve neve matsi makirani . Nhasi, intaneti yakashandura zvinhu zvose uye yakaita kuti zvive nyore kuti vanhu vematsi vave nevemazuva ano yakaenzana nematau emakambani emhara.
Vanhu muNhoroondo Yisina Utsi
Matsi dzakawanda uye dzakaoma zvekunzwa vanhu, uye vamwe vanonzwa vanhuwo, vakapa zvipo zvikuru pamatambudziko evanhu. Waiziva here kuti munhu matsi ari mushure mekunakidzwa kweMusikana Scout waunofarira gore negore? Kana kuti mukadzi we matsi aiva mutori wenhau muzana remakore rechi19? Kubva kuna Helen Kellier, kuna Thomas Edison, kuna Laura Redden Searing, uye nezvimwe, dzidza nezvevamwe vanhu vakakurumbira munhau dzisina maturo .
Mutauro Wemasaini
Vadzidzi vanowanzoda kuziva nhoroondo yemutauro wemasaini . Zvakaitika sei? Kunyange zvazvo mudzidzisi wepfumi Abbe de l "Epee weFrance anowanzozivikanwa kuti anouya nemhando yekutanga yemutauro wemasaini yakagadzirwa kuva Mutauro Wemasaini weAmerica (ASL,) midzi inodzokera shure kune mumwe muFrench, munyori wematsi ainzi Pierre Desloges.
Uye, iwe waiziva here kuti kwaimbova guta raive nevanhu vakawanda matsi kuti vanhu vose vanonzwa vakadzidza mutauro wemasaini? Muzana remakore rechi19, vanhu vaigara paMunda waMunda Wemizambiringa vaigona kunge vave matsi sekunzwa.
Nguva Inotambudza Mumatambudziko Akaitika
Zvinosuruvarisa, kare kare, matsi kazhinji ainge akanganisa kukanganisa kwepfungwa uye vanhu vaiwanzogadziriswa nemigumisiro yakaipa. Kunyanya, kuva matsi panguva yeHolocaust kazhinji kwaive kutongerwa rufu, kunyange dai iwe usati uri wechiJudha.
Pasi Pasi Pamusoro Wezvisina Utsa Nhoroondo uye Nhaka
Sezvambotaurwa, nhoroondo yezvisina maturo uye nhaka inopfuma uye yakasiyana. Kubva pane zvekorojeni, kusvika kuchikoro, kune vhidhiyo nezvimwewo, kufambira mberi kuri kuderedza kusvibiswa kwematsi kune vanhu vari munyika yose. Apo isu tichiri tine nzira yakareba yekuenda, takaramba tichifambira mberi uye kunzwisisa kukuru kwematsi uye kusimba kwekunzwa nehuruzhinji vari kuita musiyano munzira dzakawanda.
> Sources:
> National Association of the Deaf. NAD History. https://www.nad.org/about-us/nad-history/