Neutrophils inoratidziro yeropa rega rega (WBC kana granulocyte) rinotidzivirira kubva kuhutachiona hwebhakitiriya mune mamwe mabasa.
Inenge 40 kubva muzana kusvika 60 muzana yemasero machena ega neutrophils. Aya masero ndiwo masero ekutanga kusvika panzvimbo iyo patinosangana nezvirwere zvebhakitiriya. Kukuvadza kwemasero kunoita kuti kusunungurwa kwe "chemokines" inokwezva neutrophils panzvimbo iyi mune imwe nzira inonzi chemotaxis.
Neutrophils inogona kuzivikanwa zviri nani kune munhu asingaoneki sechikamu chikuru chepus.
Basa
Neutrophils inoumba chikamu chakanyanya chemasero eropa anobudiswa nemafuta emapfupa. Ndivo "vatongi vedu vokutanga" vari kutamba basa rekutanga rekuzvidzivirira kune zvipembenene zvinopinda zvinopinda miviri yedu.
Neutrophils inotaura nevanopinda kune dzimwe nyika neku "vadya" chirongwa chinonzi phagocytosis, kana kuti nokuvatora muchitokisi mune imwe nzira inonzi endocytosis. Kana imwe yenyama isiri mukati iri neutrophil, "inotapwa" nemakemikari anokonzera kuparadzwa kwenyama. Neutrophils inobatsirawo kutonga maitiro ekudzivirira zvirwere mumuviri.
Neutrophils vane nguva shoma shoma, vanorarama mavhareji maawa masere chete, asi miviri yedu inobereka zvinenge zana mabhiriyoni emaawa aya zuva rimwe nerimwe. Mushure mekusunungurwa kubva kumapfupa emapfupa, inenge hafu yemasero aya aripo pamwe chete nemakumbo emidziyo yeropa uye imwe hafu inowanikwa mumashupu emuviri.
Anatomy uye Urongwa
Neutrophils inogona kuonekwa zvakajeka pasi pe microscope semasero ane chimiro che 2 kusvika ku5 lobes munharaus, uye iyo inotonhora pink kana yepepuru isina tsvina yeirai. Izwi rokuti "PMN" kana kuti polymorphonuclear leukocyte rinoreva kuwanikwa uku.
Neutrophils, Mishonga Yemavuku Eropa, uye Immune System
Inogona kuvhiringidza kana iwe uchinzwa nezvemachena masero eropa uye neutrophils.
Kana neutrophils inongova imwe chete yeropa rega rega rega, nei oncologists vachitaurirana zvakasiyana pamusoro pechena checheteresi yeropa uye nhamba yakaderera neutrophil ine chemotherapy ( chemotherapy-induced neutropenia )? Mhinduro yakajeka ndeyokuti uwandu huri pasi hweeutrophils, kunyanya, hunogona kuva hunyanyisa kune vanhu vanotora zvirwere.
Zvose zvemasero eropa (masero emagazi eropa, masero matsvuku eropa, uye maplatelet) anoumbwa mumapfupa emapfupa - mhuka dzespongy iri pakati nepakati pemapfupa akadai sehudyu. Mune mapfupa emapfupa, ose aya aya masvikiro anotanga sorudzi rumwe rwesero rinozivikanwa sehematopoeitic stem cell.
Aya masero emadzimai anozosiyaniswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzeesero mune imwe nzira inonzi hematopoiesis . Sezvo ose aya masero anotanga neanofanana stem cell, zvirongwa zvinokanganisa mafupa emafuta - zvakadai sechem chemotherapy - zvinowanzokonzera marudzi ose eropa remasero. Izvi zvinotumidzwa semapfupa emapfupa ekuderedza chemotherapy .
Mukuwedzera kune masero matsvuku eropa uye maplatelet, kune marudzi akawanda emasero machena eropa. Maso matsvene eropa anokura mumigwagwa miviri yakasiyana. Nhengo yesero inogona kukura pamwe nemutsara we lymphoid , izvo zvinoguma pakupedzisira kugadzirwa kweT and B lymphocytes, kana kuti myeloid line .
Sero mumutsara we myeloid unogona kukura kuva neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, kana basophil.
Neutrophils inotanga se myeloblasts, iyo inokura mumayenderedzeyte, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, masangano, uyezve neutrophils yakakura.
Neutrophil Count
Nhengo yeAIDS yakawanda kana kuti neutrophil yakawanda inowanzomira pakati pe 2500 ne7500 neutrophils pamusikiriti.
Mazinga eeutrophils pasi pe2500 anonzi neutropenia, kunyange zvazvo chiyero chekuderera kuchikosha. Nhengo yeANC yepasi pe1000 inonyanya kukosha, uye inogona kunyanya kuisa munhu kune zvirwere.
Rondedzero yeropa rako rinogona kuputsa neutrophils muzvikamu zviviri: segmented kana neukwatai yakakura, uye neutrophils dzisina kufanira dzinozivikanwa sezvikwata.
Muzvirwere zvakakomba, marora anosimudzirwa kuti asunungure mamwe neutrophils (asina kutora neutrophils) anokonzera nhamba yakakwirira yezvikwata pamushumo wako.
Mamiriro Ezvinhu Neine Nhamba Isingaenzaniswi Neutrophils
Apo vanachiremba vanotarisa kuwandisa kweropa rakazara (CBC) kana kuti white white cell count (WBC) inonyanya kukanganisa yakawanda kana kuwedzera kana kuti kuderera kune nhamba inotarisirwa yeeutrophils. Kuongororwa neutrophils, naizvozvo, chikamu chakakosha chekuongorora kwerabato chezvirwere.
Zvinokonzera Neutrophilia
Kufunga nezvekushanda kweeutrophils kunoita kuti kunzwisisa kuwedzere kuwanda nyore kunzwisisa. Nzira dzinogona kuwedzera nhamba yemasero machena eropa dzinosanganisira:
- Kuita zvekare - Nemagadzirirwo emagetsi neutrophilia, kune kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hweeutrophils mukupindura kwezvirwere kana kushungurudzika. Kushungurudzika mahomoni mumutumbi wedu kunokonzera mukuru kudarika nhamba chaiyo yemasero aya kuti asunungurwe kubva mumapfupa emapfupa.
- Proliferative (kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa mumapfupa emapfupa) - Proliferative neutrophilia inoreva kuwedzera kwenhamba yeeutrophils nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwavo mumasese emapfupa. Izvi ndizvo zvinowanzoonekwa nekenza, zvakadai seyakanyanya myelocytic leukemia.
- Kuparadzana - Neutrophils kazhinji "kurarama" yakabatanidzwa kumarara emidziyo yeropa. Izvi zvinonzi neutrophils zvinogona kuve "zvakasununguka" uye zvinopararira muropa nemhaka yekutambudzika, zvirwere, uye dzimwe nguva kushandisa.
Mamiriro Ezvinhu Anogona Kuita Neutrophilia
Zvimwe zvinokonzera kuwedzera kuwanda kweeutrophil (neutrophilia) zvinosanganisira:
- Zvirwere
- Kushungurudzika
- Makondombera anokonzerwa neropa rekopa akadai seyukemia
- Zvimwe zvirwere zvakadai se rheumatoid arthritis
- Kutambudza uye kupisa
- Kusvuta
- Kuberekwa
- Thyroiditis
- Eclampsia
Pasina Neutrophils muRopa
Mazhinji eeutrophils muropa redu neutrophils yakakura. Mavara neutrophils anogona kuwanika muropa smear kana muviri wakamanikidzwa uye kune chido chakakura chokuwana neutrophils. Kana izvi zvikaitika, nhamba yakawedzerwa yeveutoriphira isina kuchena inogona kuita nzira yavo kuenda kuropa kubva mumuti wemafuta asati asvika pakukura. Chiremba wako angataura kuti iwe une nhamba yakawedzera yezvikwata - kana kunyange neutrophils zvishoma yakakura-pane ropa rako kuverenga.
Zvimwe, kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemauto neutrophils asina kuitika kunogona kuitika neukemikisi yakadai seyakakurumbira promyelocytic leukemia .
Zvinokonzera Neutropenia
Nhamba yako ye-neutrophil inogona kuderedzwa yoga, kana kuti, panzvimbo iyo, inoderedzwa pamwe nemamwe marudzi emasero eropa. Izwi pancytopenia rinoreva kuderedzwa kwezvinhu zvose zvitatu zvemashoko makuru emasero eropa; masero matsvuku eropa (anonzi anemia) maplatelets (anonzi thrombocytopenia) nemasero machena eropa.
Nzira dzingaguma nehuwandu hwekuverenga neutrophil dzinogona kusanganisira
- Kupera kana kusipo kwemafuro ekugadzirwa kwemafuta - Somuenzaniso, apo maronda emapfupa akakuvadzwa sechem chemotherapy, kana kuti kushaya hutamu hwemavita kuripo kunokonzera kusagadzikana kwekugadzira.
- Bhoora marora kupinda - Apo marora emapfupa "anotorwa" nemasero akadai sekenza masero.
- Kudikanwa kwevamwe neutrophils - Somuenzaniso, kurwisa utachiona kana mukupindurwa nematambudziko. Pakutanga, nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, kuverengeka kweeutrophil kunowedzerwa. Nehutachiona hwakakomba, zvisinei, kuverenga kwepasi neutrophil kunogona kukonzerwa nekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere.
- Kuderedza kupona kweeutrophils - Kunyange zvirwere zvinowanzoita kuwanda kweutachiona hweutachiona, hutachiona hwehutachiona, uyewo hutachiona humwe hutachiona uye rickettsial hunogona kukonzera kupera kwemautrophils uye kuverengwa kwakaderera. Neutrophils inogona kutarisana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nezvirwere zvinotarisana nezvayo mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai se lupus.
- Kuparadzwa kwe-neutrophils kakatobudiswa.
- Cyclic neutropenia.
Mamiriro Ezvinhu Angaita Neutropenia
Nenzira dzepamusoro, kuora kweutachiona hwetachiona kunogona kuitika nekuda kwe:
- Chemotherapy
- Aplastic anemia
- Kupisa mazaisai kunowedzera
- Myelodysplasia
- Iropa rinokonzerwa neRopa iro rinopinda mumusepa wemapfupa akadai seyeukemia
- Viral zvirwere
- Kukurira zvirwere (sepsis)
- Rickettsial zvirwere
- Dutu remhepo
- Hypersplenism
- Kuita zvinodhaka - somuenzaniso, penicillin, ibuprofen, uye phenytoin
- Hyperglycemia
- Vitamini B12 inoshaya (megaloblastic anemia) uye folic acid inoshaya
- Kostmann's neutropenia (genetic condition inobata vana vaduku)
- Idiosyncratic (kureva kuti hapana anoziva nechokwadi nei chiverengero che neutrophil chiri pasi)
Kukosha kweNhamba Yakaderera yeNeutrophil
Kukosha kwehuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hunoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu, kunyanya chirongwa chekushaya neutropenia. Iwe unogona kunge uchiziva nyaya dze "bubble babies" - vana vanozvarwa vane hutachiona hwakanyanya hutachiona, asi kune zvidigiri zvakawanda mukati.
A low neutrophil chiverengero chimwe chezvinhu zvakakomba migumisiro yechemotherapy . Kana masero aya asingakwanisi kuita nhamba kana basa kana maviri, miviri yedu haikwanise kurwisa zvirwere, kunyange nemaabhakitiriya asingawanzokonzera zvirwere zvakakomba.
Mienzaniso: Inonzi Olivia's neutrophil count yakanga yakaderera pakutevedzera chemotherapy yake, saka iye oncologist akarayira kuti atange maantibayoti kudzivirira utachiona.
> Sources
> Amulic, B., Cazalet, C., Haye, G. et al. Basa reNeutrophil: Kubva muzvirongwa zvezvirwere. Ongororo Yegore negore reEmunology . 2012. 30: 459-489.
> National Institute of Health. MedLine Plus. Ropa Kusiyanisa. Updated 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003657.htm