Chii chaicho chinonzi sputum uye ndicho chinhu chakafanana nephlegm, mucus, kana saliva? Zvinorevei kana chirwere chako chiri mavara akasiyana, akajeka, akachena, akachena, ari mavara, kana kuti matsvuku, uye chii chinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kweputum?
Tsanangudzo
Sputum inonzi mucousy substance iyo yakavanzwa mumhepo ( bronchi uye bronchioles ) yenzira yokufema.
Sputum haisi yakangofanana nemasikati, chinhu chakavanzika mumuromo kuti chibatsire nekudya. Izwi rokuti sputum uye phlegm rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana.
Sputum yakaumbwa nekubatanidzwa kwemasero nezvimwe nyaya iyo iripo mumhepo.
Izwi rokuti mucus rinogona kushandiswa dzimwe nguva kushandiswa panzvimbo yeputum, asi tsvina inoreva kuti mutsara wakanyatsovanzwa mumugwagwa wekupumha, asi kusungira kunogonawo kubudiswa mumatumbo emakumbo, urological tract, uye marital tract.
Chinhu
Mucheka kana mhete inokwidzwa kubva mumhepo yakadzika mumhepo inoputira-bruchi, bronchioles, uye trachea- zvinosvika pane zvinyorwa mumuromo uye pamutsipa.
Makara uye Zvavanoreva
Sputum inogona kuva yakawanda mavara uye kusagadzikana, uye izvi zvinogona kubatsira kutsanangura mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Semuyenzaniso:
- Bvisa sputum: Sara sputum kazhinji inowanzoita, kunyange ingave yakawedzerwa mune dzimwe zvirwere zvepapupa.
- Muchena kana grey sputum: Muchena kana mutsvuku unokonzerwa nemuchero unogonawo kuva wakajairika, asi unogona kuvapo mukuwedzera kwechirwere pamwe nemamwe zvirwere zvepapupa kana kutungamirira mamwe mavara ekuchinja anosangana nemamwe mamiriro.
- Dark yellow / green sputum: Rudzi rwemachena masero eropa anonzi neutrophils ane ruvara rwemavara. Izvozvi masero emasero machena anotokwe kune chiitiko chekutapukirwa kwebhakitiriya, uye saka zvirwere zvebhakitiriya zvemuzasi rwekupemha, zvakadai sepineumonia, zvinogona kuita kuti kugadzirwa kweputium
- Brown sputum: Brown sputum nemhaka yekuvapo kweti, dzimwe nguva inowanikwa kune vanhu vanobvuta.
- Sputum yePinki: Pink, kunyanya frothy pink sputum inogona kubva kumapemmine edema , mamiriro ayo mukati mehutachiwana uye maduku eropa anokonzerwa kubva pamapillaries kuenda ku- alveoli yemapapu .
- Kuda ropa: Chiropa chinokonzera ropa, kunyange kungova neropa rekuteerera, rinofanira kugara richiongororwa. Kuchema ropa kunogona kuva kwakakomba, uye ndicho chiratidzo chokutanga chemukenza wemapapu mu7 muzana yevanhu. Kunyange mashupuni 1 kusvika ku2 emakumbo akafukidzwa anoonekwa sechirwere chinotyisa.
Zviri mukati
Sputum inoumbwa kubva pamasero kubva pamasero akavhara nzira yekufema, masero akafa, kune dzimwe nyika nyaya kupfuura kufema mumapapu, uye masero machena uye mamwe masero ezvirwere. Muzvipembenene, mabhakitiriya anogonawo kunge aripo mu sputum. Ropa rinogona kunge riripo mumuchakamu nemukenza wemapapu , kunetseka kune nzira yekufema, kukanganisa kumhepo, uye pulema yerema.
Mamiriro Ezvo Anowedzera Kubudiswa
Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anoita kuti kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kweputi kunosanganisira:
- Chronic bronchitis: Chronic bronchitis inokonzera kuwedzera kuitika , uye zvechokwadi, nzira yekuongorora chirwere chisingagumi chinosanganisira kuora kwezuva nezuva kubereka kweputum
- Bronchiectasis: Bronchiectasis inorwara yepinstall obstructive disease (COPD) kazhinji inokonzerwa nehutachiona husingaperi hwehutachiona muhuduku.
- Pulmonary Edema
- Kunyanya kudyarwa kweputi kunogona kukonzerwa nekusvuta uye kusvibiswa nekusvibiswa kwemweya
Miedzo yekuongorora Shamba
Sputum inogona kuongororwa mubazi kuti ione zviri mukati uye nezvimwe. Miedzo inogona kusanganisira:
- Sputum tsika: A sputum tsika inogadzirwa nokuisa sampu yemutambo mune imwe nhau inokura (agar dish) nekutsvaga kuvepo kwekukura. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kutarisa rudzi rwakasiyana rwebhakitiriya rinokonzera pneumonia. Kana imwe nguva bhakitiriya yakagadziriswa, bhati rinogona kuedza zvakare kuongorora kuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshanda zvakadini.
- Chirwere chechifuva: Sampu yekutuka inogona kuwanikwa kuti iongorore chifuba .
- Sputum cytology: Mu sputum cytology semuenzaniso we sputum unoongororwa pasi pe microscope. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutachiona kana zviratidzo zvekenza masero. Pane imwe nguva yaifungidzirwa kuti sputum cytology inogona kuva nekona yemapapu emapapu, asi haisi iyo inobudirira yekuongorora. Kana kenza yemasera inowanika, zvakadaro, inogona kuongororwa yemukenza wemapapu . Mimwe miedzo ichazodiwa kuti iite kuti iwane nzvimbo yekenza.
Kupera Kupera
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuti kuderedzwa kwekugadzira michina, asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuongorora uye kubata chirwere chinokonzera. Nokusvibiswa kwemweya uye kusvuta, chinokonzera chikonzero chimiro chemuviri chekudzikisa pachako nyaya dzekunze, uye kunyanya kudzvara kwe sputum kunowanzoita mhinduro. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kubvisa chinyorwa ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa. Mishonga inogona kubatsira kuderedza kuputika kunosanganisira aerosol mishonga uye expectorants. Mishonga yakaita seyakashambadza inogona kunge yakabudirira mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
Pasi Pasi
Sputum chinhu chinobudiswa nehutano hwemapfupa ane musanganiswa wemasero, nyaya dzekunze, uye masero eropa. Muvara, kusagadzikana, uye chiyero chepukamu chinogona kuva chakakosha pakutsvaga nhamba dzakasiyana siyana dzehutano. Kufungidzira kwepukamu kunogona kubatsirawo pakuonekwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu akadai sechirwere chepachifu uye nemukenza wemapapu. Kunyangwe kuwedzera kwepukamu kunogona kuvhiringidza kwazvo, inowanzoedza kuedza kubvisa zvinhu (zvakadai se tar uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekunze) izvo zvingangopindira uye zvinoparadza mhepo.
Uyewo Anozivikanwa Se: phlegm
> Sources:
> US National Library of Medicine. Routine sputum culture. Updated 07/05/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003723.htm