Zvinorevei kana iwe une acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) uye inoitwa sei?
Overview
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) inonzi subtype yemagetsi myelogenous leukemia (AML) , kenza yeropa. Iwe unogona zvakare kunzwa iyo inonzi M3 AML. MuNorth America, APL inobhadhara anenge 10% yezviitiko zvose zve AML. MuItaly uye munzvimbo dzeSouth America, APL inogona kureva vazhinji sevanosvika 65% emhosva.
Izvo zvinoitika zvakaenzana nevakadzi nevarume, uye nguva yepakati pekutanga ndeyezera remakore makumi mana.
Kunyange zvazvo yakafanana nenzira dzakawanda kune imwewo subtypes, APL yakasiyana uye ine hurongwa hwehutano hwakanyanya. Kurapa kwezviitiko zveAAPL zvakanaka kwazvo, uye inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya kurapa yeukwepa. Zvirwere zvikwereti zvakafanana nepamusoro pe 90%.
Genetics uye Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)
Maitiro asina kufanana kana kushanduka kunowanzoonekwa muDNA yemasero eukemia ndiko kutapurirana pakati pemakromosomes 15 ne17. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chikamu chechiromosome 15 chinoparara, uye chinopatsanurana nechikamu chekromosome 17. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune kubudiswa kwemapuroteni anokonzera kukura kwemasero eropa kuti a "gadzikane" pamusangano we promyelocytic, apo masero matsvuku eropa achiri vaduku uye asina kufema.
Chii Chinonzi Promyelocytes?
Prometecytes ndiwo masero anowira mumutsara mukugadzirwa kwemavara aya emasero machena, ne "vana" vari myeloblasts kana kuputika, uye vanhu vakuru vari myelocytes dzinonzi neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, uye monocytes.
Promyelocytic leukemia masero anogona kuenzaniswa nevanhu vechidiki. Vanotarisa sezvakaita vanhu vakuru, asi havakwanisi kuwana mabasa, kubhadhara zvikwereti, kutyaira motokari, kana kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva evanhu vakakwana zvakakwana. Saizvozvowo, maitiro e-promyelocytic neropa haanawo kusimbiswa kuita mabasa epamusoro masero eropa akazara mumuviri.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Varwere vane APL vanoratidza zviratidzo zvakawanda zvakafanana nedzimwe mhando dzehutachiona hwemyelogenous leukemia (AML). Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo zvehupukamu hwemaperembudzi ndizvo zvinokonzerwa nekenza masero "achikurira kunze" marora emapfupa uye anopindira nekugadzirwa kwemazuva ose, masero masero matsvuku eropa, masero eropa uye maplatelet. Aya zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:
- Kuva nesimba rakaderera, kana kunzwa kuneta nguva yose
- Inonzwa kufema kufema kana uchiita mabasa anogara achiita
- Pale pepa
- Tsvina isina kutsanangurwa
- Kuwedzerwa kuporesa nguva yekucheka uye matambudziko
- Achy mafupa kana majoini
- Dambudziko "kurwisa" zvirwere
Mukuwedzera kune zviratidzo zve AML, APL varwere vanoratidzawo zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoratidza . Vachawanzoti:
- Iva nezvinetso zvakanyanya zvekubuda ropa zvakadai sokupwanya, nosebleeds, ropa mumuginho kana kutenderera. Vasikana nevakadzi vane APL vanogona kuona nguva dzinenge dzisina kumira mamwedzi.
- Panguva imwecheteyo, kune kazhinji kisinganzwisisiki, kunyanya kuvhara ropa.
Zviratidzo zvehupukamu zvinogona kunge zvisina kujeka, uye zvinogonawo kuva zviratidzo zveimwe, isingave nekenza. Kana iwe uine hanya nezvehutano hwako, kana hutano hwomunhu waunoda, nguva dzose zvinonakisisa kutsvaka mazano kune unyanzvi hwezvokurapa.
Kurapa
Kurapa kweacute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) yakasiyana chaizvo neyevamwe mhando dzehutachiona hwehutachiona, saka kunyatsoziva kuti inokosha.
Vazhinji APL varwere vanorapwa pakutanga ne-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), imwe mavara e vitamin A. ATRA yehutano yakasiyana neyokuti inokonzera masero e-promyelocytic leukemia kuti akure, zvakangoita sekuti kudzidza kuchikoro kwevana vari kuyaruka kuenzanisa mumutambo mukuru (zvakanaka, dzimwe nguva dzimwe nguva). Ichi chikamu chekurapa chinotumidzwa se "kuderedzwa."
Kunyange zvazvo ATRA inogona kuwana murwere weAppL mukuregererwa nokukanda masero ese eukemia kuti ave muhutano, haagoni kuporesa mutemo weukamu. Somugumisiro, migumisiro yenguva refu yekurapa inovandudza apo vanachiremba vanowedzera mamwe maitiro echemotherapy .
Ichi chiso chechirwere chinotumidzwa se "kusungirirwa."
Mushure mokunge chemotherapy, vanhu vanowanzoenderera mberi paATRA kwekanguva gore, dzimwe nguva pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga. Chikamu chokupedzisira cherapi chinonzi "kuchengetedza."
Kana leukemia isingapinduri neATRA uye chemotherapy, kana iyo inodzoka, APL inogonawo kurapwa neArsenic trioxide (ATO).
Prognosis
Kurapa kweAAPL kunobudirira muhuwandu hwemhosva.
Kutsungirira uye Kutsigira
Kunyange zvazvo acute promyelocytic leukemia ine maitiro akanaka kwazvo, zvichida mukuremekedza neukemia, "kuendako" kunogona kuva kwakaoma uye kunaya. Svika kumhuri neshamwari . Usanetseka pamusoro pekuda rubatsiro uye kugamuchira rubatsiro panguva ino muhupenyu hwako. Iwe unogona kushamisika kuti hazvingobatsiri iwe chete, apo vamwe vanobetsera, asi kunounza mufaro kwavari zvakare. Tarisa mazano aya pamusoro pokurwisa neukemia uye lymphoma .
Tora nguva yekudzidza nezvekupona. Apo kenza kurapwa kunoguma, panzvimbo yekufarira, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa vaora mwoyo. Kupfuurira nemigumisiro yemishonga yekurapa uye nguva inoshandiswa pamanzwiro ekuputika kwekenza zvinogona kukusiya iwe unofunga kana iwe uchanzwa uine zvakare zvakare. Kumbira rubatsiro, uye usangogamuchira "itsva yako". Pane zvakawanda zvinogona kuitwa kuti vabatsire vanopukunyuka kenza vanobudirira. Uye usakanganwa kuti, pane dzimwe nguva, zvakanaka zvinogona kubva kune kenzawo zvakare. Dzidzo inotitaurira kuti kenza inoshandura vanhu nenzira dzakanaka , kwete zvakaipa chete.
Sources
American Cancer Society. Kurapa kweacute promyelocytic (M3) leukemia. Yashandurwa 02/22/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-acutemyeloidaml/detailedguide/leukemia-acute-myeloid-myelogenous-treating-m3-leukemia
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Wiernik, P., Gallagher, R., Tallman, M. "Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia" muWiernik, P., Goldman, J., Dutcher, J., Kyle, R., (eds.) (2003) Neoplastic Diseases of the Ropa- 4th ed. New York: Cambridge University Press.