Anatomy uye Physiology yeDafiragm
Chii chinonzi hutachiona hwechidimbu, chii chinoshandiswa, uye ndeapi mamwe marapirwo angakanganisa mutsara uyu?
Maitiro (Anatomy) eDafiragm
Iyo diaphragm isumbu yakasimudzika parachute inoparadzanisa chifuyo kubva mudumbu. Iyo inomiririra pasi pasi re thoracic cavity uye denga remuviri mudumbu.
Kune zvivako zvitatu (masango) kuburikidza nehutura:
- Kuzaruka kwemashoko: Inoshandiswa iyo inophagus .
- Kuvhura kwe aortic: Nenzira iyo inonzi aorta, thoracic conduit, uye mutsara unopisa.
- Masoja ekuzarura: Nenzira iyo inferior vena cava (ropa guru rinotakura ropa kubva pamakumbo uye pasi pasi kusvika pamwoyo) rinofamba.
Iyo diaphragm inogona kuonekwa seyakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, kana kuti "hemi-diaphragms." (Hemi ishoko rinoshandurwa rinoreva hafu.) Nhengo imwe neimwe yechipfupa inowanikwa nerweshu (kuruboshwe frenic nerve uye yakarurama frenic nerve) iyo inodzora musuru. Izvo zvinotyisa zvinotanga mumuromo wepervical plexus (mitsipa inobva mumutsipa wepelinha mumutsipa) iyo inotakura mitsetse inotanga muC3 kusvika C5 nerve midzi (mitsipa inosvika pedyo nomutsipa ne3 kusvika ku5 th cervical vertebrae.)
Basa (Physiology) reDafiragm
Iyo diaphragm inoita basa rinokosha pakufema (kupumha.) Kana chidimbu ichi chibvumirana uye chichibhururuka, chinoderedza kushanda mumagetsi emagetsi, zvichiita kugadzirisa umo mweya inopinda.
Apo diaphragm inoderedza, mweya inosunungurwa.
Kazhinji yenguva iyo chibvumirano chinobvumirana nenzira isingazviiti, ndicho chikonzero chatinoramba tichifema patinorara, asi inogona kubvumirana nemwoyo wose. Mushonga hauishandisi chete mukudzivirira uye kupfuudzwa kwekumanikidzwa, asi mukukanganiswa, kunyorera, kurutsira, kunyura, kupesana (kupfuudza kufamba kwechirwere), uye kubereka.
Kufema kwemafupa inoshandiswa kusimbisa chidimbu , zvichibvumira mhepo yakawanda kupinda uye kubuda mumapapu pasina kupisa mvere dzemapfupa.
Mamiriro Ezvokurapa Anobatanidza Diaphragm
Pane huwandu hwehutano hunove hunofananidzwa nehutura kana kusagadzikana kwechidimbu. Zvimwe zvezvi zvinosanganisira:
Hiccups: Kana diaphragm inotsamwiswa, yakadai sekunwa soda soda, inogona kubvumirana kusabatanidzwa zvichiita kuti tidzive se hiccups. Inzwi rehaccups rinokonzerwa kana mweya ichizununguka panguva imwechete iyo inopindirana.
Hiatal Hernia: Apo diaphragm inowedzera simba munzvimbo iyo iyo inoputi inopfuura napamusoro pechipfuva, ichi chinonzi chibereko chekuzvarwa . Nhengo yemhuka inoberekwa inobvumira mhuka yakadzika uye dzimwe nguva mudumbu kubuda kubva mudumbu remuviri kusvika muchipfuva. Izvi, pamwe chete, zvinogona kuguma ne gastroesophageal reflux chirwere (GERD) inoita kuti kuora mwoyo uye indigestion.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Munenge muna 1 muna 2000 vakaberekwa, rumwe rutivi kana kuti diaphragm yose inokundikana kukura. Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, zviri mukati mechipfuva chemuviri zvinopinda muchifuva chechifu, zvinowanzokonzera kukura kusakwana kwemapapu (pulmonary hypoplasia.) Mumakore achangobva kupfuura kuwedzera kukuru kwakagadzirwa pakutsigira vacheche ane chirwere chinoputika, kusanganisira kuvhiyiwa chidimbu chinogadzirisa chinogona kukura nekukura chingagadzirwa.
Kuparara kwemuDafiragm: Iyo diaphragm inogona kunge yakaoma mitezo kana zvishoma kana zvakakwana pamusana pekuvhiringidza kwemitsipa iyo inopa diaphragm. Iyi mitsipa inogona kukuvara munzira dzakawanda:
- Kubva pakudzvinyirira nekuda kwechirwere chinopesana nemutsara unopinza mumapfupa (akadai nemukenza wemapapu) kana kuti pedyo nemucheto wepervical or brainstem.
- Kubva pamatambudziko kusvika kumapfupa emapfupa kana kupi zvako pamwe nekupararira kwehutano.
- Kubva mumamiriro ehutano akadai seshuga yeuropathy , Guillain -Barre syndrome , uye muscular dystrophy .
Apo rumwe rutivi rwechidimbu rwakaoma mutezo, rwakatamira nenzira yakasiyana yezvingatarisirwe, kufambidzana panguva yekufemerwa uye pasi panguva yekudzima.
Izvi zvinogona kuguma nekufema kwekufema, kunyanya kana pavete pasi, pakati pezvimwe zviratidzo.
Kucheneswa Kunobviswa kweDhiaphragm
Dzimwe nguva chikamu chechidimbu chinobviswa chirwere. Iyi nzira inogona kuitwa kuvanhu vane chirwere chema - mesothelioma -kenza yemapapu linings (the pleura) -iyo inogona kupararira kusvika uye inosanganisira diaphragm.
Pasi pepamusoro paKwakagadzirirwa uye Basa reDafiragm
Utachiona hutsika inoparadzanisa chifuva kubva pachidziro chemuviri uye inotamba chikamu chakakosha mukufema. Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva nekuputika kwechidimbu chinonzi hiccups, asi kusagadzikana kwemuviri uyu kunogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakakomba. Kuparara kweiyo diaphragm kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwepombi iyo inokwevera mhepo kumapapu panguva yekudzivirira. Icho ichi chikafu chemuviri unowanzotya ne Guillain-Barre syndrome nhasi, uye poliomyelitis munguva yakapfuura.
Apo nhengo (kushaya simba) inowanikwa munharaunda, zvinyamu zvomuviri zvakadai sezamu nechemukati zvinogona kudarika kusvika muchipfuva chechifu chinoita kuti asidi reflux uye zvinetso zve acid asiri reflux. Kuvhiya kunogadzirisa hutano hwekuberekwa hakuwanzodikanwi kugadzirisa dambudziko racho.
> Sources:
> US National Library of Medicine. Medline Plus. Dhafura nemapapu. Yashandurwa 08/16/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/19380.htm