Mukana weLayman weKunzwisisa Kuongororwa kweHIV muVhecheche
Kuongororwa nehutachiwana mucheche nevana vaduku (makore gumi nemasere kana kuti pasi) zvinowanzosiyana zvikuru kubva kune vanhu vakuru vanoedzwa sei. Panzvimbo pokuedza kuongororwa neHIV antibodies (puroteni inoberekwa nemaune immune system muhupo hwehutachiona hweHIV ), vanachiremba vanozoedza kuvepo kwehutachiona hweHIV vachishandisa izvo zvinonzi qualitative viral testay .
Izvi zvakasiyana nehuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona (aka "utachiona huwandu") hunoshandiswa kuyera HIV mune rimwe ropa remunhu.
Pane kudaro, chiyero chepamusoro chinosimbisa kana hutachiwana huripo kana kwete.
Kuongororwa kweAnorifus , kusanganisira zvizvarwa zvitsva zvekuzvarwa, hazvigoni kuisa hutachiona hweHIV mumucheche nokuti ma antibodies anogona, chaizvoizvo, kuva eamai-vakatamirwa kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana kuburikidza neparcenta panguva yekuzvitakura. Zvakakosha, saka, kunzwisisa kuti kuvapo kwei "nhaka" yezvirwere zvinoratidzika hazviratidzi utachiona hweHIV. Kazhinji, maamai ekurara anonyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma, paavhareji apo mwana anenge ane mwedzi gumi nemana (kunyange zvazvo inogona kunge yakareba semwedzi 24).
Kuti kuve nehutachiwana hwehutachiona, vana vanenge vazvarwa vanowanzogadzirirwa kuchengetedza (prophylactic) course ye antiretroviral drugs kwemaawa mana kusvika matanhatu. MuAmerica uye kune dzimwe nyika dzakasimudzika, mitemo yekuzvitakura inokurudzira kuti kuyamwisa kunzvidzivirire kudzivisa kutapurika kweHIV kuburikidza nemukaka wemukaka.
Utachiona hweHIV hunoshandiswa mucheche nevana vaduku
Zvirwere zve virologic zvinoshandiswa mumucheche zvinogona kunge zvinonzi polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test , iyo inoona kuvapo kweAIDS DNA, kana kuti chirwere cheHIV RNA, chinonyatsoona HIV RNA.
Kunyange zvazvo ruzivo rweumwe neumwe wezviedzo izvi zvakakwirira munguva yekuzvarwa, kunzwisisika kwavo (kukwanisa kunyatsoona HIV) kunogona kunge yakaderera pa 55% yePCR uye 25% yeHIV RNA.
Zvisinei, nenguva iyo mwana achangoberekwa anosvika mwedzi mitatu, kunyatsoongorora kwemashure kunosvika 100%.
Mune mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, kuongororwa kweHIV antibody kunogona kushandiswa kune vana pakati pemakore matanhatu nemwedzi gumi nemasere ekusimbisa zvachose kutapukirwa kweHIV. Zvisinei, haafaniri kushandiswa kusimbisa hutachiona hweHIV pamusana pekunyanya kunetseka pamusoro pekugara kwemaviri emadzimai.
Chivimbiso chekutapukirwa kweHIV kunofanira kunge kuchibva pamatambudziko maviri emuedzo anotorwa kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana zveropa.
Kusiyana neizvi, miedzo isina kunaka inofungidzirwa yakasimba kubva pane
- zviviri kana kupfuura zvisina kunaka virologic miedzo yakatorwa mwedzi nemwedzi mina, kana;
- zviviri zvisina kunaka zvinokonzerwa nemaronda zvakatorwa kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopa ropa muvana vanopfuura makore matanhatu.
Muvana vanopfuura makore gumi nematanhatu, mitemo yakawanda yekuongorora HIV inoshanda.
Kuedza Vacheche Kusvikira Mwedzi mitanhatu Yezera
Nemhaka yekudzikidzwa kwemayero panguva yekuzvarwa, vana vacheche vanorwara neHIV vanowanzoedzwa mumazuva 14 kusvika ku21, imwe chete kusvika kumwedzi miviri, uye pakupedzisira kwemwedzi mina kusvika matanhatu.
Nevhiki vhiki mbiri, kunzwisiswa kwezviedzo kunovandudza nokukurumidza. Kana chiitiko chakanaka chinoratidzirwa pamasikati 14 kusvika ku21, vanachiremba vachakurumidza kuita chipiri chekusimbisa test. Kana rakanaka, vanachiremba vaizotanga nguva yakazara antiretroviral therapy yevana vane makore gumi nemaviri kana kupfuura.
Kuvana vanopfuura makore gumi nemaviri, kutangwa kuchagadzirirwa zvichienderana nekliniki yemwana uye CD4 / viral load values.
Zvisinei, kana muedzo wacho usingasviki mushure memazuva 14 kusvika ku21, chipiri chekuita chichaitwa mavhiki maviri kusvika matanhatu mushure mekuregedza chirwere cheprophylactic. Chipiri chemuedzo usina kunaka pachigamba chino chinoratidza kuti mwana ari kuzvidzivirira asingazivi. Chimwe chechipiri mumwedzi mina kana mitatu chaizotorwa sechinhu chisina kunaka chekucherechedza.
Kuedza Vana Pakati Pemazera Emakore matanhatu nemwedzi 18
Kuongorora kweAnorifus kunogona kushandiswa kuvana vanopfuura makore gumi nematanhatu kusvika pamakore gumi nematanhatu.
Kazhinji kutaura, miviri miviri yakaipa isingakoshi mumwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kune gumi yakakwana kuti iite seyakagadzirisa. Zvisinei, vamwe vanachiremba vanosarudza kuedza pamwedzi pakati pemwedzi 12 kusvika ku18 kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti zvirwere zvose zvemadzimai zvakanyangarika.
Kuwedzerwa kuedzwa kunogona kuratidzirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, sekune vana vane mazamu akafuridzirwa kana kuti avo vanoramba vachirwisa vana vanamai vanofungidzirwa. (Chimwe chidzidzo chakaratidza kuti kusvika 14% yevana vanoramba vachirarama neHIV antibodies 24 mwedzi mushure mekuberekwa.)
Kuedza Vana Vane Ngozi Mukuzvarwa
Vana vacheche vanofunga kuti vari pangozi yehutachiona (somuenzaniso, mumadzimai vasina kutora antiretroviral therapy panguva yekuzvitakura kana kuti avo vanouya nehutachiona hwehutachiwana ) vanogona kuongororwa pakuberekwa sezvo mukana wekutachiona uri mukuru zvikuru. Pakati peboka iri, pakati pe30% uye 40% yezvirwere zvinogona kusimbiswa pamaawa 48 mushure mokuberekwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chirwere cheprophylactic chinogona kumira uye chirwere chenguva yakazara chaizotanga.
Sources:
Dhipatimendi reUnited Health (Health Services) uye Human Services (DHHS). "Mazano ekushandiswa kweAntiretroviral Agents muHachiviri hweHIV Infection: Kuongororwa kweHIV Infection mucheche nevana." Rockville, Maryland; yakarongedzwa naFebruary 12, 2014; yakasvika musi waApril 14, 2014.
Gutierrez, M; Ludwig, D .; Khan, S ;; et al. "Yakanyanyisa kushandiswa kweairtroviral therapy yakawedzera nguva yekuita seroreversion mune HIV yakasununguka asi vana vasati vatarwa?" Clinical Infectious Diseases . November 2012; 55 (9): 1255-1261.