Kuongororwa kweHIV kunoitwa muzvikamu zviviri. Chokutanga, chiyero chikuru chinoitwa. Kana iine chivimbo, ipapo muedzo unodzokororwa kuti uongorore zviratidzo zvenhema . Kana chiyero chekutanga chichiita zvakanaka kaviri, ipapo samuenzaniso inowedzwa nechipiri, kunyanya kujekesa test . Uyu muedzo unoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi chokuti chekutanga chekuedza hachisi kuitika kune utachiona kunze kweHIV.
Mhando yekuti HIV Test Types Inoshandiswa Sei Mukusanganiswa?
Pane nzira dzakawanda dzaunogona kufunga pamusoro pemhando dzekuongororwa kweHIV .
Imwe nzira ndeyokutarisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekuedzwa kwemashoko. Imwe nzira ndeyokutarisa kuti marudzi akasiyana eongororo yeHIV anoshandiswa sei. Matambudziko epamusoro anoshandiswa kutarisa chero chiratidzo cheHIV. Miedzo inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kutarisisa mitsva yekuedzwa kwekutanga. Chinangwa chekuita izvi ndechekudzikisa dambudziko rekusaziva zvakakodzera munhu wese ane HIV.
Miedzo Inoshandiswa kuHIV Kuchengetedza Pokutanga
- EIA kana Enzyme Immune Assay: Uyu muedzo unotarisa ma antibodies kune HIV. Zvisinei, ine mhedzisiro yayo. Vanhu vazhinji vanotanga kubudisa ma anti-HIV ma anti-HIV mumavhiki matanhatu kusvika ku12 ekutapukira. Asi vamwe vane hutachiona hweHIV vanogona kutora mwedzi mitanhatu kuti vawane ma antibodies akakwana kuti vaongorore maonero ekuongorora kweEIA. Nokudaro, muedzo uyu haubatsiri kune vanhu vanenge vatangotapukirwa . Nechiyero ichi, mumwe munhu achangobva kutapukirwa neHIV haangagoni kuedza zvakanaka. Zvisinei, vanogona kutapurira HIV kune vamwe vanhu. Ivo vanogona, chaizvoizvo, vari kutapukira zvikuru.
- ELISA kana Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Uyu muedzo wakafanana neEIA. Inotarisa zvinhu zvakafanana, asi inoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye zvishandiso.
- PCR kana Polymerase Chain Reaction : Uyu muedzo unoshandisa teknolojia yekuwedzera RNA yakawanda kubva muropa. Mune mamwe mazwi, inoita mamwe mapepa eRNA. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti RNA ionekwe nyore nyore. Nokudaro, PCR inokwanisa kubatsira kuona kunyange maduku mashoma ehutachiwana mumunhu anenge achangotapukirwa. Zvisinei, inodhura, inopedza nguva, uye haisi nyore kuwana
Miedzo Inoshandiswa kuHIV Chirongwa
- Western Blot: Iyi ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa kusimbisa mhinduro yekutanga kwekuedza. Icho chinonzi anti-antibody test chinonyanya kujekesa HIV-antibodies pane EIA / ELISA. Zvisinei, inonyanya kudhura. Ndicho chikonzero iyo inoshandiswa kugadziriswa pane kutanga kwekuedzwa.
- RIPA: Kuongororwa kweropa kunoitwa apo varwere vemazinga vari pasi. Inogonawo kuitika kana Western Blot migumisiro isiri pachena. Iyi miedzo inodhura, yakaoma kuita uye isingawanzoshandiswa.
- Immunofluorescence Assay. Ichi ndicho chimwe chimiro chekusimbisa test inoshandiswa kana Western Blot mhinduro isiri pachena. Dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa panzvimbo yeWest Blot mushure mekuedza kwe ELISA.
- DNA / RNA Kugadzirisa Kuedzwa : Iyi miedzo yakafanana neCPR. Zvinowanzoshandiswa kana chiitiko chekumavirira kwemavirira kusina kujeka. Amplification zviedzo zvisinganyanyi kudhura kudarika nguva.
Miedzo inogona kushandiswawo kugadzirisa utachiona hwomunhu. Iyi ndiyo yakawanda yehutachiona iripo muropa ravo. Viral load test haisi kushandiswa kuongorora HIV. Pane kudaro, iyi miedzo inoshandiswa kutarisa kuti kurapa kwakadini. Zvisinei, pane kumwe kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti kutarisa utachiona hwehutachiona panguva imwe chete nehutachiwana hunoonekwa hunoita kuti ubatsire kusangana nevanhu kune chiremba kutarisira.
Sources:
Ceffa S, Luhanga R, Andreotti M, Brambilla D, Erba F, Jere H, Mancinelli S, Giuliano M, Palombi L, Marazzi MC. Kuenzaniswa kweCepheid GeneXpert naAbbott M2000 HIV-1 chaiyo nguva mikoko yekudzivirira kwehutachiona hweHIV-1 uye kuona HIV-1 utachiona. J Kurwisana Nzira. 2016 Mar 229: 35-9. doi: 10.1016 / j.jviromet.2015.12.007.
Nair SV, Kim HC, Fortunko J, Foote T, Peling T, Tran C, Nugent CT, Joo S, Kang Y, Wilkins B, Lednovich K, Worlock A. Aptima HIV-1 Izvo Dx-A yakashandisa zvakajeka kuongorora uye quantification yeHIV-1. J Clinic Virol. 2016 Feb 4; 77: 46-54. doi: 10.1016 / j.jcv.2016.02.002.