Kunyanya Kuwedzerwa Ropa

Chirongwa cheHurumende yeHurumende

Kuwedzera kweropa kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ane hutano hwakanyanya hunokanganisa kusvika mamiriyoni makumi emamiriyoni evaAmerica. Kana zvikaonekwa uye zvichirapwa mangwanani, zvisinei, zvinogona kuderedza dambudziko rekurwadziwa kwepfungwa, chirwere chepfungwa, uye zvirwere zvepfungwa.

Chii Chinonzi Kufurirwa Ropa?

Ropa rinomanikidza simba rinopera iro ropa rinoshandisa arteri masvingo. Mishonga yeropa ndiro inotakura ropa uye oksijeni kubva pamapapu kusvika kune nhengo dzose uye maviri emumuviri.

Mishonga inoumbwa nemisimba uye inogadziriswa, yakasununguka inogadzirisa mhuka inotambanudza kuti igare nesimba rekubuda ropa rinoitwa nemoyo. Uye chiito chekumhanyisa chemwoyo ndicho chinoita kuti ropa rifambe nenzira idzi.

Ropa rinomanikidzwa rinoratidzwa munhamba mbiri. Nhamba yepamusoro, systolic yeropa, inoratidza simba rinogadzirwa nezvipfungwa zvemoyo. Nhamba yakaderera, diastolic yeropa, inoreva kuwedzerwa kweropa pamasvingo emariti apo mwoyo uri kurara pakati pezvipikiso.

• Chirongwa cheHypertension (High Blood Pressure)

• Zvinorevei Kana Iwe Uine Kuvharirwa Kwepfungwa?

The Numeri

Mushure memakore makumi maviri, vanhu vose vakuru vanofanira kutanga kutarisa ropa ravo rekushanda pakushanya kwavo kwehutano. Kana iwe wakwegura kupfuura makumi mana kana kuti uine mungozi yepamusoro yeupempa, iwe unofanirwa kunge uine ropa rako rinotarisa mukati memapfumo maviri kamwechete gore negore. Zvakakosha kushandisa soro yakakosha yevhavha yeropa, ndicho chikonzero nei zvingave zvisingakwanisi kutarisa ropa rako mukati memushonga unozvishandura pamushonga wemapurisa kana muzvitoro.

Kazhinji kuwedzera kweropa kunofungidzirwa kuva pasi pe 120/80 mm Hg. Uine maawa makumi maviri nemaviri ekucherechedza kana kugara kumba kwekutarisa kweropa, kuvhara kwemazuva masikati kushanda kweropa kunotsanangurwa sevhavhareji yeropa pasi pasi pe 135/85 mm Hg.

Kana nhamba yako yakakwirira kudarika izvi, hazvireve kuti une ropa rakanyanya. Dambudziko reRopa rinogona kuchinja mukupindura kubhizimisi, kushushikana, mishonga, kurwara, uye kunyange nguva yezuva. Zvakakosha kutora kuverengwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwenguva yakareba kuitira kuti uwane hutano hwakakodzera.

Zvinokonzera

Vazhinji vakura vane ropa rekurwidzwa kwepamusoro vane huwandu hwehutano hwepamusoro, hwakamboti "hunokosha" hwehutano. Izvi zvinongoreva kuti kukwirira kweropa rega hakuiti nekuda kwechimwe chinokonzera. Kunyanya kunetseka kwepfungwa kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kwemakore akawanda. Kunze kwekuti iwe uchitarisa, haungatombotomboziva kuti uri kutarisana nedambudziko rinogona kutungamirira kuchiremera chakakura.

Secondary hypertension inoreva kuwedzera kwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nedzimwe mamiriro kana mishonga. Kakawanda, huwandu hwekuwedzera kwehutano hunoerekana hwaitika uye hunogona kukonzera kukwirira kukuru muropa kunopfuura kunyanya kuwedzera kwehutano. Matambudziko echitendero, chirwere chepfungwa, kuvhiringidzika kwepabonde yebstructive, kudhakwa zvinodhaka, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka, uye mamiriyoni emarara adrenal zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwepfungwa.

Risk Factors

Pane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuwedzera dambudziko rako rekuwedzera kweropa. Zvimwe zvinokonzera njodzi hazvigone kuchinjwa asi mamwe anogona kuderedzwa nekuchinja mune zvekudya uye mararamiro. Ngozi dzisingagoni kuchinjwa dzinosanganisira makore, nhoroondo yemhuri, uye dzinza. Semuyenzaniso:

• Mushure memakore makumi maviri nemashanu, varume vanowanzova nehuwandu hwemhepo.
• Madzimai , njodzi inowedzera mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
• Vanhu veAfrica vokuAmerica vari pangozi yakanyanya yeupupuriro inowanzotanga kukura uye inokonzera zvinetso zvakakomba.

Zvinogona kugadziriswa pangozi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuva kunyanyisa
• Kurarama hupenyu
• Kusvuta fodya
• A high sodium or low potassium diet
• Kunyanyisa kunwa doro
• Kusina vitamini D
• Kushungurudzika kunogonawo kukonzera kuwedzerwa kweropa kwenguva pfupi uye, nokufamba kwenguva, kunotungamirira kuhutano hwehutano husingaperi.

Kunyange zvazvo vana vari pangozi yakaderera yekuva nehuwandu hwehutano hwepamusoro, vanogona kukudziridza kuwedzerwa kweropa semagumisiro emamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Ropa revana rinofanirwa kuyerwa pamusangano wegore negore uye kuenzaniswa nevamwe vana vezera rimwe chete.

Nhanho

Kufurirwa kweRopa kuverenga kunogona kuwira mune imwe yezvikamu zvishanu:

1. Prehypertension . Kana systolic yeropa rako iri pakati pe 120-139 mm Hg kana kana diastolic ropa rako kuverenga iri pakati pe80 ne 89 mm Hg, iwe unogona kuva nehuwandu hwehutachiona. Kunyanya kufema, kufanana nehuwandu hwemhepo, hutachiwedzera hutano hwehutano hwehutano uye hunowanzova hunova kupfuura kwenguva. Kurapa kunosanganisira nonpharmacological zvishoma, zvakadai sokuderedza kuyerwa, kuwedzerwa muviri, kubvisa kudhakwa kwakanyanya, nekudzivirira munyu kudya.
2. Gwara I hypertension . Izvi zvinoreva systolic blood pressure ye 140 mm Hg kusvika 159 mm Hg kana diastolic yeropa ye 90 kusvika 99 mm Hg. Kana imwechete yeiyo mitemo yakakwirira, ipapo kukosha kwepamusoro kunotarisa kuoma kwehutachiona. Izvi zvinotungamirira kumagariro ekurapa kwakakodzera.
3. Isolated systolic / diastolic hypertension . Varwere vane systolic ropa rinopfuura 140 mm Hg uye diastolic inodarika pasi pe 90 mm Hg inofungidzirwa ine yega systolic hypertension. Avo vane diastolic kudzvinyirira kupfuura kupfuura kana kuenzana ne 90 mm Hg asi nechirwere chechizoro chisingapfuuri 140 mm Hg vanofungidzirwa kuti vane diastolic yakanyanya kuwandisa. Iyo systolic yeropa yepamusoro ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera ngozi kune vamwe vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kune zvakakosha zvakakosha pakurapa ropa, kunyanya kune varwere vane hutano hwakanyanya. Nhasi mazano anokurudzira kuti ropa rinotapurirwa mishonga rinotanga kuvarwere vane chirwere chepachirwere chepakati, ini ndechokuti inofanira kutangwa kare kune vanhu vane chirwere chemwoyo, chirwere cheshuga, kana chirwere chepfungwa chisingaperi.

• Pseudotumor Cerebri Zvinokonzera uye Zviratidzo

• Une Dambudziko Rokuwedzera Ropa Here?

1. Stage II hypertension . Izvi zvinoreva huwandu hwehuwandu hwemapupira, uye systolic inokwana 160 mm Hg kana mukuru kana diastolic kudzvinyirira kwe 100 mm Hg kana kupfuura. Chirwere chepachipiri chepachipiri chinogona kutanga chinoda mishonga inopfuura imwe yekurapa.
2. Malignant hypertension . Izvi zvinoreva kunyanya kunetseka kweropa, kupfuura 180 mm Hg systolic kana 120 mm Hg diastolic, inokura nekukurumidza uye inogadzira chikamu chekuguma. Kuipa kwehuwandu hwehutachiona ndeyemamiriro ezvinhu anoda kurapwa kwechimbichimbi. Iyi mamiriro anozivikanwa sekukurumidzira kwehutachiona kana hutachiona hwehutachiona. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika sechikonzero chekuvhiringidza kwechimiro, kusanganisira kuora mwoyo kana kuchinja kwemafungiro, kusaona, kufema, kufema, kufema, uye kurwadziwa kwepfupa nekuda kwengina, kushaya mwoyo, kana aneurysm.

Kuziva

IUnited States Preventive Services Task Force inokurudzira kuenderera mberi kweropa rekuyera chiyero chekutsvaga zvakakwana kwehutachiona. Kunyangwe iwe unogona kunge wakakonzera kudzvinyirira kweropa kana uchienzaniswa nehofisi yechiremba wako, izvi zvinogona kuva mugumisiro we "white coat hypertension." Kuchengetedzwa nemupiki wako wehutano unogonawo kutadza "kuvharwa kwehutano." 12- uye 24-maawa masvondo ekudzvinyirira kweropa anoshandisa kuvhara ropa kuongororwa kunowanzosiyana zvakanyanya nekuverengwa kuendeswa kuchipatara kana kuchipatara, uye zvinoguma nevarwere vashomanana vanoda kurapwa, uye zvikurukuru varwere vanoda kurapwa semugumisiro. Vamwe varwere vangangodaro vakawedzera kuwedzera kwepamuviri yeropa yakawanikwa nekutarisa kuvhara iyo inovaisa pangozi yekurohwa uye chirwere chepfungwa kunyange apo kuverenga kunowanikwa muhutano hwehutano hwakanaka.

Kana iwe uine chirwere chekuwedzera kwehutano, chiremba wako kana mutapi wehutano anogona kuraira kuongororwa kwema laboratory kuti aone kana kwete pane chimwe chinokonzera, zvakadai sechinhu chisina kuchena chetachiona kana kusakanganiswa kweglanderedzwa. Mimwe miedzo yeropa ichayera mazinga e electrolyte, creatinine, uye neropa urea nitrogen kuti uone kana itsvo dzako dzakabatanidzwa.

Urinalysis imwe inguva yakawanda inowanzoshandiswa kuongororwa nehupuka hwepora semugumisiro wekumanikidza kweropa uye kutonga kunze kwezvinetso zvepvo zvinogona kuva chikonzero chechipiri. Lipid profiles inofanidza cholesterol yako uye inoshandiswa kuongorora ngozi yako yehutano hwehutano senharo yemwoyo uye chirwere. Kuongorora kufungidzirwa kunoshandiswa kureva kuti zvinogona kuitika mumaronda eadrenal glands kana kukuvara kwetsvo.

Kana iwe uine chirwere chepupemha, iwe unodawo kuongororwa kweziso. Kuongororwa ne ophthalmoscope kunogona kujekesa kuitika kweropa rako rakave rine mishonga yeropa muziso uye kana kwete kana retina yako yakachengetedza kukuvara.

Kuwedzera kune electrocardiogram (ECG) kuti uongorore kukanganisa kwemwoyo kunogona kuitika, echocardiogram inogona kushandiswa kuona kana mwoyo wako wakawedzerwa kana uine mamwe matambudziko emwoyo ane chokuita nehuwandu hwehutachiona, semagazi eropa kana kuora kwemwoyo. Doppler ultrasound kuongororwa kunogona kushandiswa kutarisa ropa richiyerera kuburikidza nemaritiro ekutsanangurira kana yakaderera, zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa kweropa.

Kurapa

Mushonga wokutanga wehutano hwepfungwa hunosanganisira kuchinja mararamiro ehupenyu uye kudya kunopedza kana kuderedza kuderedza zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sekuneta kana kuti kudya kwakanyanya kwemanamu. Kusvuta kusvuta uye kuderedza kunwa kwedoro-kunwa rimwe zuva kwevakadzi uye zvinwiwa zviviri pazuva kwevarume-matanho anokosha ekuderedza ropa.

Chiremba wako angangodaro akarayira nguva dzose aerobic muviri unobatsira mukushanda kweropa. Uchapupu hunoratidza kuti kufamba kwenguva refu kwemaminitsi makumi matatu ezuva nezuva kazhinji pavhiki kunobatsira kukonzerwa neropa kuderedza.

Iko kunewo mapoka ezvidzidzo zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowanikwa pakurapwa kwehuwandu hwehutachiona. IJNC 8 mazano ekurapa kweropa reropa anobva pauchapupu hunobva kuongororo dzakawanda mumarudzi akawanda akasiyana. Vanhu vane chirwere chepachipiri chepachipiri chetachipiri vangada kutanga kurapwa nemishonga miviri kana mushonga unosanganiswa.

Kuitevera kunokosha. Kana ropa rako riine chinangwa chisina kuwanikwa mushure memwedzi wekurapa, mupi wako wehutano anogona kuwedzera chiremba chako kana kuwedzera kirasi yakasiyana yemishonga. Mushure mekunge uchisvika kuchinangwa chako cheropa, unofanirwa kuramba uchitarisa mhinduro yako mukurapa nekuvandudzwa kwemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kuitira kuti urege kudzivirirwa kwezvinetso.

Matambudziko

Kune zviitiko zvinokosha pakugara kwenguva refu kwehutano :

• Kumira kurova kwemoyo
• Stroke
• Aneurysms
• Heart failure
• Kuora kweiyo
• Kukuvadza kwemidziyo yeropa
• Matambudziko ekufungisisa uye yekuyeuka
• Dambudziko reziso uye kurasikirwa kworatidzwa
• Metabolic syndrome

Kuparara kuri kuwedzera kwenguva. Kuwedzerwa kweropa kunowanzobatanidzwa nezviratidzo, saka kazhinji kacho kunosara kusatorwa kana kuregererwa kusvikira kusingaperi kwechimiro chakakonzerwa. Kana kuwedzera kweropa kuchiwedzerwa, masvingo emaroto anogona kukuvara kana kutambanudzwa. Kukuvadza kumidziyo yeropa kunogona kuumba nzvimbo dzisina simba dzinoita kuti iwedzere kune aneurysms kana kuparara.

Kukuvadza kumutsipa wemwoyo kunogona kukonzera kupera kwefridhi panguva yakareba. Atrial fibrillation inenge isina kukanganisa mwoyo inokuisa pangozi yekurohwa. Kuwedzera kweropa kunogonawo kubvarura mukati mecherechera, zvichibvumira kuvhara kwezvisikwa zvinopisa zvinokonzera cholesterol madhiri uye maplatelet (masero eropa anogadzira mazamu). Cholesterol kuvaka-up mumitakiti yeropa yakakuvara inonzi "plaque". Izvi zvinokonzera kupfupisa kwemasero, izvo zvinoita kuti humwe humwe hutano hwemwoyo hupfukidze ropa rakakwana kuburikidza nemuviri.

Bhokisi rinogona kuputsa pasi pekumanikidzika. Izvi zvinokonzera maplatelets kuti aomate uye agadzire chivharo chinogona kuputsa uye kufamba-famba mukupararira kweropa, kudzivirira ropa reokisijeni risati rasvika maitiro akaoma. Uyezve, izvi zvipfeko zvinogona kuvhara uye kufamba kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, kudzivirira kubuda kweropa uye kukonzera kushungurudzika kwemwoyo kana kurohwa. Kupfeka kwekuvhara kunopisawo arteri, zvichiita kuti mwoyo ushande zvakaoma kupompa ropa nemweya mukati memuviri.

Kukuvadza kune mishonga inokonzerwa nehovha yepamusoro yeropa, kusanganisira kupora uye cholesterol kuvaka-up, kunoguma mukuomesera kweyeriyuta. Izvi zvinokonzera mwoyo kushanda zvakaoma kurwisa ropa mumuviri wose. Mwoyo mutsara, uye nekufamba kwenguva, huchava hunovhiringidzika uye chipukisi nekuda kwekuwedzera kweropa. Makamuri emoyo achawedzera uye masisitiki ane simba haakwanisi kubvumirana nekukwanisa kubhadhara, zvichiita kuti mwoyo usakundikana .

Shoko Rinobva

Hypertension chirwere chisingaperi chisingagumi chinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda kwehutano kupfuura nguva. Kana iwe uri munhu mukuru pamusoro pemakore makumi maviri, unofanirwa kuve neropa rako rinotariswa nehutano hwako hunotipa paunoshanyira utano hwako nguva dzose. Kana iwe uri pamusoro pemakore makumi mana, zvinokosha kuti ropa rako riongorore gore negore. Yeuka, kuverenga kwaunowana kubva kumichina yekunyora kana kuti pamishonga yepamusoro kungave isina kururama.

Kuona kushanda kwepamusoro kweropa pakutanga kunogona kuita kuti iwe uite kuchinja kwakanaka mukudya kwako uye mararamiro ako angaderedza dambudziko rako rekushungurudzika kwakakura sekurohwa kana chirwere chemwoyo. Kana iwe uchinge uri munharaunda yakakwirira, ita ropa rako rinotarisa nhasi.

> Sources:

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> Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Darbinian J, et al. Kuwedzera kwekudzivirira kweropa uye panjodzi yekupedzisira-stedal renal disease mune nyaya dzisina zvirwere zvepfungwa zvepfungwa. Arch Intern Med . 2005; 165: 923.

> Levy D, Larson MG, Vasan RS, et al. Kufambira mberi kwehutano hwehutano kusvika kuhutano hwekushaya mwoyo. JAMA . 1996; 275: 1557.

> Siu AL. US Preventive Services Task Force. Kuongorora kuwedzera kwehutano hwevanhu kune vanhu vakuru: US Preventive Services Task Force kukurudzira chirevo. Ann Intern Med . 2015; 163: 778.

> Taylor BC, Wilt TJ, Welch HG. Mhedziso ye diastolic uye systolic yeropa rekurwisana pamusoro pekufa: zvinoreva kududzirwa kwe "chimiro". J Gen Intern Med 2011; 26: 685 Vakili BA, Okin PM, Devereux RB. Zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa kubva kuruboshwe rwe ventricular hypertrophy. Am Heart J. 2001; 141: 334.