Texas Legislature Inoita Kuzvidzivirira Dzidzo Kudzoka muChirangaridzo
Musi waMarch 31, 2015, vatungamiri veTexas vakavhota zvakanyanya kuti vashandise $ 3 Mamiriyoni mumari kubva kune chirongwa chekuongorora HIV chekudzivirira kudzidzisa. Chiyero chacho, zvikurukuru chakaparadzaniswa pamwe nemasangano muPublican-controlled controlled House, chakaita kuti vanhu vatsve-uye dzimwe nguva vanhu-kugoverana kubva kune vanorwisana neDemocrates.
Pasinei nekubvuma kuti Texas ine yechitatu yepamusoro yehutachiona hwehutachiwana munyika, uye yechishanu yepamusoro yekubata pamuviri wevechidiki, Republican state Representative Stuart Spitzer yakadzivirira chiyero nekutaura kuti "chinangwa ndechokuti munhu wose ave asina kudzikama kusvikira varoora . "
Democrat Harold Dutton akaverengerwa nekubvunzurudza Spitzer paanozvidzivirira maitiro, iyo iyo Spitzer yakazivisa kuti "akanga ari mhandara paakanga akaroora ava nemakore 29."
Iko kushandiswa kunotengeswa kwakawanda muTexas House kwakaratidza chimiro chekutaura kwekukakavadzana kwekudzivisa, iyo inowanzotadzisa sayenzi mukuda kwekutenda kwako uye / kana tsika.
Ndicho chiitiko chakave chakaitwa kakawanda munguva yehutachiona hweHIV , zvose zviri pano uye kune imwe nyika, uye imwe iyo yakawanda kupfuura yakasaguma ine zvishoma, kana iripo, inobatsira pane zvepabonde kana hutachiwana hweHIV. Pakaipisisa, nzira yacho inowanzoita zvakasiyana.
Nhoroondo Pfupi Yokudzivisa Kubva Dzidzo muHIV / AIDS
Zvimwe zvakanyanya kuiswa pakudzidzisa dzidziso yekudzivisa mumakore ekutanga kwema2000, uye nyika dzakawanda dzichibatanidza izvo zvinonzi "ABC" (kana Abstinence / Be Faithful / Condomise) nzira yekudzivirira HIV. Chiyero chakanga chichimbwa panguva apo maitiro ehurumende anorwisa maitiro ehondo achiripo achiri mucheche munyika inosimudzira, uye vashoma vashoma varwere-vasati mamiriyoni matatu muna 2005-vakanga vari pasi pekutarisirwa.
Mune dzimwe nyika dzakadai seSouth Africa, iyo yakapikisana nehupfumi hwehurumende pasi pezvinorambidza mazano ezvo- Mutungamiri Thabo Mbeki , ABC yaiwanzoonekwa sechikamu chega chehurongwa hwehurumende-kunyange sehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakasvikira pane imwe nzvimbo pane imwe neimwe vashanu vemuSouth Africa vaiva neutachiona hweHIV.
Yakanga iri panguva ino iyo United States, pasi peMutungamiri weEmergency Plan yeAIDS Relief (PEPFAR) , yakatsigira zvirongwa zvekuzvidzivirira, pane imwe nzvimbo inotungamirira chikamu chimwe chete chetatu chekudzivirira mari yekudzivirira kudzivisa-kusvika-kuroora.
Uganda yaiva imwe yenyika dzeAfrica kuti dzigamuchire zvizere chikonzero chacho. Pasinei nehukuru, kubudirira kwepakutanga mukupindura kune dambudziko reAIDS muma1980 / kutanga kwema1991, nyika, pasi peMutungamiri Yoweri Museveni, yakatanga kupedza pasi ma ABC nekubvisa makondomu kubva munhaurirano.
Museveni pachake akatonga makondomu se "asina kukodzera" kune vaUganda, nepo United States-based Human Rights Watch yakashuma kuparadzirwa kwakawanda kwehutachiona hweHIV / AIDS kubva kuchikoro chepuraimari chechikoro, uyewo zvidzidzo zvekondari izvo zvakarondedzera zvepabonde vasati varoorana se "kurega" uye akataura kuti HIV inogona nyore kupinda mukati mekondomu makondomu.
US mari yekudzivisa-uye kutendeseka-purogiramu dzakadzika muSouth Africa yeSahara dzakapinda muna 2008, dzinodhura kudarika $ 1.3 mabhiriyoni.
Mhedzisiro yekurega uye Kuvimbika Mapurogiramu
Muna 2015, vatsvakurudzi veStanford Yunivhesiti vakaongorora kuongorora maitiro ekuita zvepabonde kare uye mushure mekunge PEPFAR mirairo yekudzivirira yakagadzirwa muna 2004.
Yakatarisa kune 14 nyika dzakakosha kupfuura dzose muSouth Africa yeSahara apo mahedheni ehurumende aida kuti 33% yePEPFAR yekudzivirira mari yekudzivirira ishandiswe paAbc. Izvi zvakaenzaniswa nemarudzi masere eAfrica apo PEPFAR mari haina kutora mitemo kana kudzivirira mazano.
Kuongorora kwakakwanisa kuona gore negore kuchinja kwehutano sezvinotsanangurwa
- Nhamba yevakaroorana navo mugore rapfuura yevarume nevakadzi
- Nguva yekutanga kurara kwevarume nevakadzi
- Kubata pamuviri wechidiki
Hapana hutsva hwakawanikwa, zvichiita kuti vatsvakurudzi varatidze "kukosha kwekuongorora mamwe mazano ekubhadhara mari kwePEPFAR yekuvandudza hutachiwana hweHIV muAfrica yeSouth Africa."
Kubvunzurudzwa kweStudio 2006 neSmasman School School Public Medicine pa Columbia University yakagumisa kuti zvirongwa zvekudzivisa-zvidzidzo zvega zvega, sezvinotsanangurwa nehurumende yekubhadhara mari, zvinoremekedza tsika, nekudzivisa ruzivo nekusimudzira pfungwa dzisina mubvunzo uye dzisina kururama ... (uye kutyisidzira) kodzero dzevanhu dzehutano, ruzivo, uye hupenyu. "
Dharoro pamusoro pekudzivisa Dzidzo muzvikoro
Yakataurwa muna May 2015 kuti Crane Independent School District muEast Texas (kumaodzanyemba kweOdessa) yakawana 20 maitiro e chlamydia , chirwere chepabonde chepabonde, pakati pevadzidzi. Kuputika, iyo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inorondedzerwa se "kuparara," yakaratidzawo kuti 6% yevadzidzi vekusekondari munharaunda-inenge imwe chete yevamwe vose-vakange vaporerwa chirwere chechlamydia.
Chikoro chechikoro superintendent Jim Rumage akaisa mhosva yepamusoro purogiramu yekudzivisa-dzidzo chete , achiti "zviri pachena hazvibatsiri" paanowedzera kuti "ndivo vane mutoro wevabereki kudzidzisa vana vavo panyaya dzepabonde."
Mukufamba kwenguva, bhodhi rechikoro yakasarudza kuisa dzidzo yepabonde kuchikoro chesekondari.
Zvakaonekwa muChane Independent School District yakanga isiri nyaya isina kujairika. Mutsva wekuongorora kwekudzivisa-wega wega kubva kuYunivhesiti yeGeorgia yakagadzirisa kuti "kunyanya kudzivisa kwakanyanya kusimbiswa mumutemo wehurumende, kukwirira kwekuyaruka kwevechiri kuyaruka uye kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa."
Kusiyana neizvi, zvepabonde zvakakwana uye dzidziso yeHIV / STD -iyo yakawanda inosanganisira kubvisa sehutano hwekuzvibata-yakabatana nechepasi pemakore ekuberekwa kwechecheche uye kubvisa pamuviri kumahombekombe ose, akadaro vatsvakurudzi.
Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuzvidzivirira sechikamu chekukurukurirana hakusi kukodzera asi kuti kuzvidzivirira-chete zvirongwa zvinowanzoitika, mumashoko evanyori, "kukurudzira kusazvidzora kuburikidza nemanzwiro, zvakadai semafungiro emanzwiro ewanano, kukanganisa, kutya kweSDD, uye ne kuparadzira ruzivo rwusayenzi rwakashata. "
Chero Mumiririri weSpitzer anotaura kuti kuzvidzora kusvikira kuroorana inoronga hutano hwehutachiwana hweHIV / STD hunoshushikana zvakanaka. Hurumende yehurumende inobvunzurudza bhajeti inogona kutarisa pamusoro pekupedzisira kwechiyero, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanotya kuti sangano reRepublican-rinotungamirirwa ringave rinotsigira vamwe, kana kwete ose, eDzimba.
Shingairo mu 84th Texas Legislative Session kuti irege kunyanya kubvisa mari yezvokudzivisa zvinyorwa zvakakonzerwa nekukundwa, kusanganisira:
- Imba Bill 467 , iyo ingadai yakabvisa mutauro unoratidza kuti kuita zvepabonde musati waroorana kunokonzera kukuvadza mupfungwa uye mumuviri (FAILED).
- Dzimba Bill 78 , iyo ingadai yakasimbisa kuti dzidzo yepabonde ive uchapupu-uye yakashandurwa nemishonga uye inosanganisira ruzivo rwakakodzera rwekuita pamuviri nekudzivirira zvirwere zvinogamuchirwa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FAILED).
- Senate Bill 88 , iyo inenge ichida kuti dzidzo yehutano yepachikoro yevoruzhinji inyore ruzivo pamusoro pemashandisirwo ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri uye kudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvepabonde kunze kwekusimudzira kurega (FAILED).
- Senate Bill 300 , iyo inenge ichida zvikoro zvekuchikoro kuti zviudze vabereki kana chirongwa chiri kudzidzisa kudzivisa-dzidzo chete kana kusanganisira ruzivo pamusoro pekudzivirira pamuviri muchikoro chekudzidzisa zvepabonde (FAILED).
Sources:
ABC Eyewitness News. "Texas Inokera Kuchera Zvikwereti zveHIV zvinokurudzira Kudzivisa Dzidzo." Yakabudiswa musi waApril 1, 2015.
Daily Times Express. "Hapana Kuita Zvepabonde-Edhi muTexas School Inoita Kuti Kuve neClamydia Kuparara?" Yakabudiswa May 6, 2015.
Tarira, N .; Lowe, A .; uye Bendavid. E. "Kukanganisa kwePEPFAR Kuzvidzivirira uye Kutendeseka Mari Inobatsira Pamusoro Pechiito cheHIV muAfrica yeSouth Africa." Musangano weRevroviruses uye Mikana Yakasangana (CROI); February 23-26, 2015; Seattle, Washington; abstract 160.
Santelli, J .; Ott, M .; Lyon, M .; et al. "Kuzvidzora uye kuzvidzivirira-dzidzo chete: Kuongororwa kwemazano eSouth uye mapurogiramu." Zvinyorwa zveMakore ekuyaruka Utano. January 2006; 38 (1): 72-81.
Iyo Mushandirapamwe weTexas wokudzivirira Kubata pamuviri. "84th Texas Legislative Session." Yakasvika muna June 27, 2016.