UN-Coordinated Finding Mechanism Pakati peNyika Yose Kurwisa AIDS
The Global Fund yekurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria (inozivikanwawo se "Global Fund" kana kuti, "The Fund") isangano rezvehutano rose rinosvitsa uye rinodzinga zvigadziro zvekudzivirira uye kubata chirwere cheHIV , TB uye malaria muzasi - kune dzimwe nyika dzinopepanirwa.
Nhoroondo yeThe Global Fund
Kubva muGeneva, The Global Fund yakatangwa muna 2002 mushure mekunge makore maviri emitemo uye nhaurirano dzekushanda pakati pevashandi vanokosha-kusanganisira masangano akawanda, masangano asiri ehurumende (NGOs), G8 marudzi, uye kwete G8 marudzi.
Munyori weSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzepasi Pose Kofi Annan akaita chipo chekutanga chepachipiri kuChikwama zvakare muna 2001, chakateverwa neKomiti yeOlympic iyo yakafananidza mutsva waAnnan we $ 100,000. Nguva pfupi mushure mekunge, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation yakapa mbeu yemari muhuwandu we $ 100 mamiriyoni, asi America, Japan, neBrithani mumwe nomumwe akapikira $ 200 mamiriyoni mumutambo wekutanga wekubhadhara mari.
Kunyange zvazvo ma $ 1,9 mabhiriyoni chete ainge apihwa panguva yeChikwata chekugadzirisa-zvakashata kubva pamadhora manomwe kusvika ku $ 10 mamiriyoni akarongerwa nekuzvipira kweAnnan kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzakagadziriswa zvakaguma nekukurumidza kukurumidza kutsigira. Pakazosvika 2013, mari inodarika $ 28 mabhiriyoni yakasimudzwa, uye US inopa $ 8.5 mabhiriyoni.
Pakati pevatsigiri vebato rega, Gates Foundation, (PRODUCT) RED uye Chevron nhasi vari pakati pezvipo zvakakura, uye kuzvipira kune 2015 zvinokwana $ 1.25 mabhiriyoni, $ 219 mamiriyoni uye $ 55 mamiriyoni, pamwe chete.
Kudzorerwa kwechina kweThe Global Fund yegore ra2014-2016 yakawedzera zvipikirwa muhuwandu hwe $ 12.5 biliyoni-kuwedzera kwe30% kune 2011-2013, asi zvakanyanya kudarika $ 15 mabhiriyoni akatsvaga (kana $ 27 mabhiriyoni ayo UN anofungidzirwa gore negore kurwisa AIDS oga).
Nzira Iyo Global Fund Inoshanda
IWorld Fund inoshanda semashandiro ekubhadhara mari panzvimbo pekuita sangano rekushandisa (kusiyana nePEPFAR, iyo yakagara yakarongedza uye ikashandisa mabasa eHIV neAIDS kuburikidza nenzira dzakawanda dzeUnited States).
IWorld Fund Board-inosanganisira vanoipa uye vanogamuchira nyika, pamwe nemasangano ega ega uye ehurumende-inotarisirwa kugadzirisa mitemo, kutsanangura mazano, nekugadzirisa zvose zvinokonzerwa nemari nemari.
Zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa mukati memunyika imwe neimwe inogamuchirwa nekomiti yevabatanidzwa vemo vanoita izvo zvinonzi Country Coordinating Mechanism (CCM). Sangano re Global Fund Secretariat rinotarirwa kubvumirwa kwechipo nekubhadhara kuCCM, pamwe nekuongororwa uye kuongororwa kwehurongwa hwekuita.
Zvikwereti zvachose zvinoshanda-zvakabva uye zvakapiwa kuMukuru Mukuru Mupi (PR) akasarudzwa neCCM. Vashandi vemunharaunda yemunharaunda (LFAs) vanobvumirana nematunhu kuti vatarisire uye vadzoke zvakare pamusoro pebasa rekubatsira.
Kubva pazviyero izvi, hurumende inogona kusarudza kana kubudisa, kuongorora, kubvisa kana kuregerera mari kune CCM. Zvikwereti zvinotenderwa kwekutanga kwemakore maviri nekuvandudzwa kwevatatu, nemari yakapararira mwedzi mitatu kusvika ku6.
Zviitiko uye Matambudziko
IWorld Fund inotsigira mapurogiramu munyika dzinopfuura 140 uye, pamwe chete nePEPFAR, ndeye yekutanga mari yepasi rese yekudzivirirwa kweHIV nehutano pasi rose.
Pakati pezvakaitwa, iyo Fund inonzi inopa vanhu vanopfuura 6.1 mamiriyoni ane HIV vane ma antiretroviral (ARVs), vachirapa vanhu vane mamiriyoni 11.2 vane TB, uye vachiparadzira mamiriyoni makumi mana emamiriyoni akachengeterwa mambure ekuchengetedza marariya.
Somugumisiro wei uye mamwe mapurogiramu, kutengesa kwenyika yose kwakaderera ne25% kubvira muna 2003, apo vana vana maitiro ekutapukisa anenge anenge hafu mukati memakore akafanana.
Asi pasinei nekufambira mberi uku, UNAIDS inofungidzira kuti kuparadzirwa kweARV kunomira 34% chete pasi pose, uye vanenge mamiriyoni 28 vanhu vachiri kuda kurapwa. Uyezve, sezvo zvirwere zvitsva uye kufa kweAIDS zvakaramba zvichiderera, kunyange vanhu vazhinji vachazofanira kuiswa mumaARV ose eupenyu, vachiwedzera kugadzirisa bhadharo yakatotarisirwa.
Mukupindurwa nematambudziko aya, The Global Fund yakabudisa chirongwa chekugadzirira muna 2012 kuitira kuti hurumende yakanyanya kusimbiswa ichaiswa kune zvigadziriswe, zvakakosha zvezvirongwa zvinopupurirwa, zvakakosha zvemadhora.
Kakavhiringidza uye Kururamisa
Kunyange zvazvo I Global Global's "mazano ekugadzirisa" inonzi inoderedza hurumende uye kujekesa kuwedzera kwemapurogiramu munyika dzakagamuchirwa, vamwe vakatsoropodza sangano rekukundikana kudzivisa uori uye kuparadza kwemari neCMM dzakawanda dzinokakavara.
Nemuenzaniso, muna 2002, The Global Fund yakaratidza mamiriyoni 48 emamiriyoni ehurongwa hwepurovhinzi muKwaZulu, South Africa. Chinangwa chacho chaiva chokubhadhara purogiramu yacho zvakananga mukuedza kukanganisa hurumende yeMutungamiri Thabo Mbeki , uyo aigara achizivisa kuti ma antiretroviral akanga ane chepfu kune HIV. Mukupedzisira, The Global Fund yakapa mari iyi kuhurumende ye Mbeki-iyo yakasarudzwa neCCM-pasinei nekuedza kwaVa Mbeki uye mushumiri wehutano kuvhiringidza kuparadzirwa kweAIDS kune vakadzi vane pamuviri.
Gare gare muna 2011, Associated Press (AP) yakashuma kusvika kusvika $ 34 mamiriyoni mune mari yakanga yakarasikirwa nehuori, nekushungurudza kunosvika kusvika kuMali, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Philippines, neUkraine. Pakaongorora, UN Development Fund (UNDP) yakaedza kudzivisa Global Fund muongorori mukuru kubva pakuwana kuongororwa kwemukati mune dzimwe nyika 20 dzakasiyana, vachitsvaga chibvumirano chemashure.
(Muzvinyorwa zvakabudiswa muWashington Post, munyori wemapepanhau Michael Gerson akaratidza kuti AP inodaro inotaura kuti mari yakarasika inomiririra zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zve1% yemari yose yakaparadzirwa neThe Global Fund.)
Mugore iroro chete, Chikwata chakamanikidzwa kubvisa chikamu chegumi nerimwe chezvipo zvekugadziriswa nekuda kwekusagadzikana kana kunonoka kwezvipikirwa nemarudzi anopa. Kutaura zvazviri, nyika dzinoverengeka, kusanganisira Germany neSweden, dzakanga dzakarambidza kubvisa michero nekuda kwezvirevo zvakawanda zve "tsvina, unyengeri nehuori," apo masangano akawanda akadana kusarudzwa kweChikwata cheMutungamiri Mukuru, Michel Kazatchkine.
Pakupedzisira kweizvi uye dzimwe nharo, The Global Fund Board yakagamuchira kusarudzwa kweKazatchkine mugore ra2012 uye yakashandura kuchinja kwakananga kune yakarongeka kwayo-kusimbisa basa rakawanda mukugadzirisa rubatsiro, nekuisa zvakanyanya kusimbisa, mazwi ake, " akakwirira-nyika, mazano uye vanhu vakawanda. "
Dr. Mark R. Dybul, uyo akamboshanda seU.S. Global AIDS Coordinator pasi pePEPFAR, akasarudzwa Mutevedzeri Mukuru munaNovember 2012.
Sources:
The Global Fund Kurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria. "Global Fund Annual Report 2012." Geneva, Switzerland; ISBN: 978-92-9224-380-7.
Agence France-Presse. "UN-AIDS: Uganda yakagadzwa kuti ipe mutungamiri wekusungirirwa kweAIDS AID Fund." July 31, 2001.
The Global Fund Kurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria. "Global Fund yekurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria - Zvipikirwa." Geneva, Switzerland.
McNeil, D. "$ 12 Bhiriyoni inopihwa kurwisa AIDS, TB uye Malaria." The New York Times. December 3, 2013.
The Global Fund Kurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria. "Global Fund Results Inoratidza Maitiro Akasimba." Geneva, Switzerland. Nyaya yekubudiswa yakabudiswa 27 November 2013.
The Global Fund Kurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria. "Global Fund Strategy 2012-2016: Kuzvipira Kwemigumisiro." Geneva, Switzerland;
McGreal, C. "Mbeki mushumiri anotambudza UN mari ye" Aids grant. " The Guardian. July 22, 2002.
Associated Press (AP). "Kubiridzira kunotambudza hutano hutano pasi rose." The Guardian. January 23, 2011.
Gerson, M. "Kuisa rusununguko muhutano hwehutano hwehutano munyika." Washington Post. February 4, 2011.
AIDS Healthcare Fund (AHF). "AHF: Global Fund Head Inofanirwa Kuenderera Kunoita Kuti Chikamu Chionekwe." Reuters. Press release; Svondo 20, 2011.
The Global Fund Kurwisa AIDS, Tuberculosis uye Malaria. "Maminitsi makumi maviri nemashanu eBhouta eMaminitsi." Accra, Ghana; November 21-22, 2011.