Zvitendero zvinoenderera mberi nekushandura pakuwedzera kweAIDS
Kunyange zvazvo hutachiona hweHIV huchiri chinhu chitsva, kutarisana kure neAIDS denialist makambani ekutanga kwema1980, kukanganiswa kwezvitendero izvi kunoramba kuchivhiringidza huzhinji hwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu.
Maererano nebhuku ra2013 rakagadzirwa nevatsvakurudzi veUCLA, inenge imwe muvatatu veAmerica vane makore makumi mashanu nevekare yakabata kutenda kwechirwere cheHIV, chimiro chinowirirana zvakanyanya kune imwe yedzidzo yapfuura umo mumwe muvanhu vatatu veAfrica vaidavira kuti HIV yakasikwa mubazi rehurumende .
Nenzira dzakawanda, nhamba idzi hadzisi kushamisika sezvo kusavimba kwehurumende kunowanzomhanya munzvimbo dzakasarudzwa. Kukundikana kunonzwisisika uye / kana kwechokwadi kwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu, hunovhiringidzwa nekusavimbana kwakakura kwevanhu munharaunda yose (umo kusarura uye kusagadzikana kwevanhu munzanga kunowanzoonekwa sekupararira) kunogona kushanda sezvibvumirano zvezvipikirwa zvinowanikwa pamwe chete.
Vamwe vaigara vachitaura zvitendero zvinosanganisira:
- Kuregererwa kwechirwere kana chirwere chehurumende.
- HIV inoshandiswa kutonga kana kuuraya vanhu vasingadi munzanga.
- Vanhu vari kushandiswa seguinea nguruve nemakambani emishonga.
Kunyange zvazvo izvozvi zvitendero hazvirevi kutarisana nekuedza kuongororwa kweHIV kana kushandiswa kwekondomu , hazviiti sekuti zvinokonzerwa nekutengesa madhiragi. Kutsvakurudza kubva kuHarvard Medical School kwakaratidza kuti avo vaiva nehutano hwekuita zveHIV vakanga vasingakwanisi kuita zvakakwana kune avo vasina.
Mumushumo wavo, vatsvakurudzi vakapedzisa vachiti:
"Kuwandisa kwe (HIV inoratidzira dzidziso) yakawanikwa mune izvi uye nezvimwe zvidzidzo ... hazvibviri kuregererwa sevashoma kana zvakanyanya. Kutenda kwakadaro kunogona kuita kuti kuderedza nguva yekupona (nekuwedzera kusawirirana) nekuderedza kurwara kwakakodzera."
Kuwanikwa kwehutachiwana hweHIV hunoramba huri kuderedza hutano hwehutano hwevanhu kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kusava nechokwadi kweavo vatotanga kusava nechokwadi. Vakawanda vezviitiko izvi vanoedza kutarisana nevanhu vanotambura, vari pangozi (dzakadai "10 Zvikonzero nei vanhu vemadire vasingafaniri kutora utachiwana hweHIV" neCrith Cost), asi vamwe (saBryan Fischer weAmerican Family Association) vanoshandisa mashizha ane simba ekusimbisa kwenguva yakareba-yakatsoropodzwa.
Zvinokonzera HIV
Zvitendero zvinokanganisa hazvirevi chete nekutya uye kusava nechokwadi nezveHIV asi asi kazhinji chiratidzo chekusatenda kune vakawanda kune hurumende uye vezvehutano mune zvehutano.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza kwakabudiswa mu Journal of the American Medical Association Internal Medicine , 49 muzana ye1351 vokuAmerica vakaongororwa vakafungidzira kuti HIV yakange ichiita chido chokuzvipira ku United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Kudzidza, kwakatarisa kuchirongwa chekurapa mazano anokonzerwa neHIV uye dzimwe zvirwere, yaiva chikamu cheongororo yepamusi yakaitwa kubva munaAugust kusvika September 2013.
Kusarudzwa kwevatori vechikamu kwakayerwa kuenzanisira vanhu veUnited States nezera, dzinza, mari, uye zvepabonde, asi zvigumisiro zvakabatana kuti vaone uye sei kana chimwe chezvitendero chikachinja hutano hwemunhu.
Pakati pezvakawanikwa:
- 49 muzana vanotenda zvakasimba kana kuti mubvunzo kana CIA inokonzera nemaune nhamba yakawanda yeAfrica yeAmerica pasi pekufungidzirwa kwezvirwere zvehupatitis.
- 60 muzana vanotenda zvakasimba kana kuti mubvunzo kana hurumende inonyatsoziva kuti mafoni anokonzera kenza, asi haaiti chinhu pamusoro payo.
- 56 kubva muzana vanotenda zvakasimba kana kuti mubvunzo kana hurumende nehutano hwehutano vari kuviga chokwadi chokuti zvirwere zvehuduku zvinokonzera autism nemamwe matambudziko epfungwa.
- 58 muzana vanotenda zvakasimba kana kuti mubvunzo kana kupararira kwepasi rose kwezvokudya zvakagadziriswa chikamu chekunyengedzera kwenyika dzakawanda kuderedza huwandu hwepasi rose.
- 68 muzana vanotenda zvakasimba kana kuti mubvunzo kana US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inodzivisa nemaune zvirwere zvepanyama zveHIV , kenza nedzimwe zvirwere nekuda kwekumanikidzwa nemakambani emishonga.
- 53 kubva muzana vanotenda zvakasimba kana kuti mubvunzo kana fluoridation yemvura inongova nzira yekuderedza ne-michina ye phosphate migodi mumamiriro ezvinhu.
Nepo vamwe vachigona kuzivisa mazano aya anonyangadza, kukanganisa kwezvinotendwa pamunhu wehutano hwehutano kunogona kunge kwakakomba kana kutotadza.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza, vanhu vanotsigira mazano ezvakaitwa kanomwe kanowedzera kushandisa mikana yemishonga kupfuura nhengo dzevanhu vakawanda. Saizvozvowo, mumwe chete-mu-vatatu vanozvigadzirisa vanowana kuongororwa kwegore negore kana vachienzanisa nehafu yevanhu vakuru veAmerica. Vakanga vashomawo kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva uye vanogara vachidzivirira gore neguru inoculations (chimwe chinhu chinoonekwa chinokosha kuvanhu vane HIV).
Kunyange zvazvo mushumo wacho usina kubatanidza utano hweHIV huri kuongororwa kweHIV kana kurapwa, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti marudzi aya ezvitendero angave chikamu chechikonzero nei 20 muzana yeAIDS inotapukirwa neHIV ichiripo isina kuonekwa uye 25 muzana yevaya vanoongororwa ndivo kukwanisa kuzadzikisa zvisingaoneki zvehutachiona hwehutachiona , hunofunga kuti chiyero chekurapa kubudirira.
HIV se "chirango chaMwari"
Kupfuura nyaya yekuedza uye kurapwa, vazhinji vari munharaunda yehutano yevanhu vanofunga kuti kuvimbiswa kwezvitendero kuchaita kuti HIV isarambe isati yasvika munzvimbo dzakawanda. Ongororo yakaitwa neChristian Religion Research Institute (PRRI) inoratidza kuti dzimwe chechi-dzinofamba dzinogona kunge dzisina ngozi.
Maererano nemushumo, zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe nemazana mashanu evanhu veAmerica vachiri kutenda kuti HIV ndeye "chirango chaMwari" nekuda kwepabonde zvounzenza, kutaura, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuwanda kwehutachiona pakati pevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) .
Chidzidzo ichi chichiratidza kuti vanhu vanobatanidzwa nedzimwe sangano rechechi vakange vakanyanya kunyanya kutenda izvi kupfuura vamwe. Kutaura zvazviri, inenge 25 muzana ye white evangelical maProtestant uye 20 muzana maProtestant madema vakatsigira izvi, pamwe chete ne21 muzana yeEpanishi Catholics. Kusiyana neizvi, vanomwe chete muzana yevatsvene vechechi yeKaturike uye 10 muzana yevatsvene vemaProtestant vemauto vakagovera maonero aya, vachienzanisa ne8 kubva muzana yeavo vasina mafungiro nechinamato chipi chechitendero.
Pasinei nezviyero izvi, zvakakosha kuziva kuti izvi zvedzidziso zvishoma kudarika kupfuura zvavakanga vadzokera muna 1992 apo kuputika kwemazana makumi matatu nemazana evanhu veAmerica vaidavira kuti HIV haina chairo kunze kwekuitwa chirango chaMwari.
Asi chitendero, chinoratidzika, chinongova chikamu chemufananidzo. Maererano neongororo iyi, kuparadzwa kweimwe mitambo yakaoma yechitendero kwakatadza kuita kuti vanhu vasagare neHIV vari kurega. Kutaura zvazviri, vanoshamisa 65 kubva muzana veAmerica vachiri kutenda kuti HIV ndeyokuguma kwekusagadzikana kwepabonde, asi 25% chete havatauri mhosva yekutapukirwa kweHIV.
Chingave chakanyanya kushamisa kune vamwe ndezvekuti mune nyika dzichiri kusimukira, umo mahutachiwana eHIV anowanzowanzokwira chiuru pane zvakapfuura kuUnited States, idzi dzidziso dzekunyadzisa dzisina kunyanya kupararira. Kutaura zvazviri, 41% chete yevaya vakaongororwa vanotenda kuti HIV ndeyokuita kwekusava nehanya, asi 48% vanotenda kuti hapana munhu ane mhosva yekutapukirwa neHIV.
Sources:
Ford, C ;; Wallace, S ;; Newman, P .; et al. "Kutenda muhutano hwehutano hweAIDS uye kusavimba nehurumende: ukama nehutachiwana hweHIV pakati pevanhu vakura vane ngozi." Gerontologist. December 2013; 53 (6): 973-984.
Bogart, L .; Galvan, F .; Wagner, G; et al. "Longitudinal Association yeHIV Kuita Zvepfungwa Nehutano hwepabonde Pakati pevarume vemaviri Vane HIV." AIDS Maitiro. August 2011; 15 (6): 1180-1186.
Bogart, L .; Galvan, F .; Wagner, G; et al. "Kutenda Kwemhirizhonga pamusoro peHIV Kunofananidzwa neAnterretroviral Treatment Kusaremekedza pakati peAfrica Varume vane HIV." Zvinyorwa zveAkawana Immune Defence Syndromes. April 2010; 53 (5): 648-655.
Oliver, J. uye Wood, T. "Chirongwa Chekurapa Mafungiro uye Utano Hwakanaka muUnited States." JAMA Internal Medicine. May 2014; 174 (5): 817-818.
Paruzhinji Chitendero Research Institute (PRRI). "Survey | A Shifting Landscape: Makumi emakore ekuchinja maonero eAmerica pamusoro pekuroorana nemurume nemudzimai nemagariro eBGBT." Washington, DC; February 26, 2014.