Kutsvakurudza Kunoratidza Kuti Nei Zvirwere Zvisingakwanisi Kudzivirira Utachiwana
Kwemakumi emakore, zvakatendwa kuti HIV yakapfuurira kune AIDS nenzira yakajeka yakajeka: inopararira nemuviri sehutachiona husina rusununguko, ichizvibatanidza nemasero emasodzi (kunyanya CD4 + T-cells ) uye kupamba mazai emagetsi kuitira kuti vagadzire makopi akawanda zvayo. Nokuita kudaro, HIV inokwanisa kuparadzira mukati mehutano hwose, kuwedzera muhuwandu kusvikira maT-masero akwana akaurawa kuti akanganise zvakakwana kudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvevanhu (clinical definition of AIDS ).
Kubva kutsvakurudza kunotsanangura kuti izvi hazvirevi hazvo, kana kuti kwete chirwere chetakagara tafungidzirwa. Kutaura zvazviri, kubvira kare kumashure kusvika kuma1900, masayendisiti akanga atanga kuona kuti HIV inogona kupararira zvakananga kubva pane imwe sero kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo pasina kusika chero hutachiona husina rusununguko.
Iyi nzira yechipiri yekufambisa, maererano nekutsvakurudza kwakaitwa kuSan Francisco-based Gladstone Institute of Virology uye Immunology , inowanikwa pakati pe100 ne1000 zvakanyanyisa kuwedzera mukuderedza CD4 masero kupfuura hutachiona husina rusununguko uye inogona kubatsira kutsanangura, muchikamu, nei chiitiko chezvino mienzaniso haina kukwanisa kudzivirira kana kutapudza HIV.
Nokuzvitsvaga kubva pane imwe sero kuenda kune imwe, HIV inogona kukonzera kushandiswa kwemakamuri emagetsi mumasero ezvirwere zvemuviri anozviuraya muhuwandu hwakawanda. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti zvakanyanya sep 95 pcc yeCD4 cell death inokonzerwa nenzira iyi, zvinopesana ne 5% chete nehutachiona husina.
Kutsanangura Siri-ku-Kubudiswa Kwemajeri
Cell-to-cell transfer of HIV inowanikwa neinoti "virological synapses," umo sero inotapukirwa rinotsigira "kupumha" mujeri uye rinoshandisa mapuroteni evhapia kuti iparadze membrane. (Izvi zvakatorwa pavhidhiyo muna 2012 nevasayendisiti paUC Davis uye Mount Sinai School of Medicine.)
Kana imwe nguva yakapinda, mutevedzeri wacho anonongedzera kune zvimedu zveDNA yeDV, zvichikonzera chirongwa chinonzi pyroptosis umo sero rinoona zviratidzo zvinokuvadza uye zvishoma nezvishoma rinokura uye rinoputika, richizviuraya. Kana izvi zvikaitika, sarst cell inoburitsa mapurotini anovhiringidza anonzi cytokines anoratidza mamwe maitiro ezvirwere zvekudzivirira-masero ayo anowanzotarisirwa kutapukirwa neHIV.
Vatsvakurudzi veGladstone vakakwanisa kuratidza kuti kuburikidza nekudzivirira sero-to-cell kusangana-kuburikidza nemakemikari inhibitors, synaptic blockers, kana kunyange kuparadzanisa masero-CD4 cell death rufu rwakamira. Vakagumisa kuti cell-to-cell contact "yakanyatsotarisirwa" kuitira kuti sero rufu (uye kufambira mberi kwezvirwere) kuti zviitike.
Zvinokonzerwa neKutsvakurudza
Chii chinoita kuti zvitsva izvi zvive zvakakosha ndezvokuti havangotsananguri nzira dzeCD4 cell depletion, vanoonawo kushaya simba kwepachirongwa mune chirongwa chemukoko chinowanikwa.
Kakawanda, zvirwere zvekudzivirira hutachiona hweHIV zvakanyanyisa kugadzirisa zvirwere zvemuviri kuti zvione uye zvinorwisa pasi mapuroteni pahutachiona husina kupararira. Apo HIV inoparadzirwa kubva pane imwe sero kusvika kune imwe, zvakadaro, inonyanya kusakanganiswa kurwisana, inodzivirirwa kubva pakugadziriswa kwekamuri rine utachiona.
Kuti urwise izvi, mhando itsva dzichada kubatsira maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri zvirinani zvakakosha mapuroteni anokosha ekugadzirisa shanduko uye / kana kuti kusimbisa maitiro anokwanisa kuvhara shanduro yekuita. Kana izvi zvichigona kuwanikwa, kukwanisa kweHIV kuenderera mberi kuAIDS kunogona kunge isina kukwana, kana kutoregwa.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira dzekushandiswa kwema-cell-to-cell dzisati dzakanyatsonzwisiswa, zvitsva zvinomiririra kuchinja kukuru muku kunzwisisa kwatinoita kuti HIV inopfuurira sei kuAIDS uye inotipa maonero ekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekuparadzanisa HIV.
> Sources:
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Doitsh, G ;; Galloway, N .; uye Geng, X. "Cell Death by Pyroptosis Drives CD4 T-Cell Kuchengetedzwa muHIV-1 Kubatwa." Pediatrics. November 1, 2014; 134 (3): 509-514.
Galloway, N .; Doitsh, G ;; Monroe, K .; et al. "Kutengesa-Cell-Ku-Cell Kutengesa HIV-1 Kunodiwa Kutora Pyroptotic Kufa kweLymphoid-Tissue-Derived CD4 T Cells." Nhoroondo dzeSera. August 4, 2015; yakabudiswa paIndaneti; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.011.
Yunivhesiti yeCalifornia Davis Centre yeBiophotonics Science and Technology. "Kutanga-Vhidhiyo Yese Inoratidza Zvakajeka kuti HIV Inopararira Pakati Pemasero Ema Immune." Sacramento, California; Pepanhau Rinobudiswa Rinobudiswa March 27, 2009.