Zvirwere zvemuviri zvemuviri ndizvo zvinonyanya kutarirwa neHIV
T-masero mashesetsi echena machena eropa anoita basa rinokosha mumuviri wemuviri wemuviri. CD4, zvakasiyana, rudzi rwepuroteni inowanikwa kune mamwe masero ezvirwere e-T-cells, macrophages, uye monocytes.
CD4 T-seli dzinofungidzirwa se "anobatsira" masero nokuti haadziviriri zvirwere asi zvinokonzera kupindura kwemuviri kune zvirwere.
Mukupindura, CD8 T-seli - inoratidzirwa seyakadaro nekuda kwechirongwa cheprotini pavari - inotora chikamu che "killer" masero kuburikidza nekugadzira zvinhu (maitiro) anobatsira kudzivirira mavairasi nevamwe vanopinda kune dzimwe nyika.
Basa Rino CD4 T-Mishonga muHIV Infection
Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvehutachiona hweHIV ndezvokuti masero chaiwo anongotanga kudzivirira kudzivirirwa kwezvidziviriro zvekuzvidzivirira kwezvirwere ndeaawo anotarirwa nehutachiwana hweHIV . Sezvakaita retrovirus, HIV inoda kuuraya mamwe masero e "host" kuitira kuti aite ma kopi ayo. CD4 masero ndiwo matanho epamusoro peizvi munguva yehutachiona.
Munguva yechirwere, HIV inosangana nemasero aya anobatsira, kubudisa maitiro ayo mukati kuitira kuti maitiro ekugadzira mazita evanhu anogona kuchinjwa kuti agadzire dzimwe hutachiona hweHIV. Mukuita kudaro, mukuru we CD4 cell akaurawa, uye kukwanisa kwayo kukonzera kudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere ndekukudzikisa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pakadai sokusiya mutumbi wakazaruka kune hutachiwana husina kunaka .
Izvo zvine simba zveHIV ndezvokuti "muurayi" CD8 T-seli ari kuramba achisimuka ari bofu mune hutachiona hwekuwedzera uye pakupedzisira haakwanisi kurarama nehuwandu hwehuwandu hweHIV (sekuenzaniswa nehutachiona hwehutachiwana ). Kana ikasatenderwa, maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere achaita, mune zvose asi asingawanzo zviitiko, kuparara zvachose (kana kuti kuregererwa).
Mhando dzeCD4 T-Cells
Kazhinji pane kwete isu tinowanzofunga nezveCD4 T-seli sechikwata chimwe chesero. Chaizvoizvo, chaingova pakati pema1980 apo musayendisiti akatanga kutarisa zvinyorwa zvakasiyana siyana nemabasa akasiyana. Zvimwe zvakakosha pakuita zvinonzi macrophage uye dendritic masero panguva yekutapukirwa kwekutanga, asi vamwe vanotungamirira kudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvezvirwere pavanotarisana, mumwe nomumwe, nemararamiro epachirwere, mabhakitiriya, kana mavairasi.
Izvi zvinosanganisira subtypes inonzi T-helper 1, T-helper 2, T-helper 9, T-helper 17, T-cell yekutungamirira, uye follicular helper T- cell, imwe neimwe inodzivirira marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvinhu kuti ibatsire kuvharidza mavharesi.
Tingaenzanisa sei CD4 T-Cells (uye Nei)?
Nokusarudza kuti vangani vanoita ma CD4 masero ari kubuda muropa, chiremba anogona kugadzirisa chinzvimbo chemuviri wemunhu. Chirwere cheropa chisingatauri chinonzi CD4 count inofungidzira nhamba yekushanda masero eCD4 mu cubic millimeter yeropa. Izvo zvakakwirira CD4 count, yakasimba yezvirwere zvekudzivirira muviri.
Mune munhu mukuru ane hutano, huwandu hweCD4 hunowanzogona kusiyana zvikuru (nehuwandu hwevanhu, boka rezera, etc.) asi kazhinji inenge iri mazana mashanu kusvika ku1500 masero pamubhiyamu mamita mamita (mL). Apo inowira pasi pe2002, zvisinei, ipapo chirwere chacho chinorondedzerwa seAIDS (inowana maune immune deficiency syndrome).
Iko panguva ino iyo yakaipisisa yakakonzera zvirwere inozivikanwa kuti inoitika sezvo maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona.
Kusati gore ra2016, nhamba dzeCD4 dzakanga dzashandiswa senzira yekuziva kuti ndotanga rinotanga antiretroviral therapy (ART) . Asi mumakore achangopfuura basa rakashandurwa sezviremera zvenyika zvino zvinotsigira kuendeswa kwechirwere cheHIV kurapwa (pane kurindira kusvikira CD4 count inowira pasi pe 500 masero / mL, sezvaive iri mutungamiri wekare).
Iko CD4 count inoshandiswawo kuongorora kupindurwa kwomumwe munhu kurapwa, uye kutanga kwekutanga kweART kunowanzogona kugadzirisa muviri wemunhu.
Kusiyana neizvi, vanhu vanotanga chirongwa cheART pavanonyanya kuwandisa CD4 vakaverengwa (pasi pe100 masero / mL) vanowanzova nenguva yakaoma yekudzokorora ma CD4 avo kuhuwandu hwavo, kunyanya mushure mekurwa kukuru kwechirwere.
Saka, zvinokosha, kuongororwa maererano nemitemo yezvino yeUnited States uye kutsvaga kutarisirwa nokukurumidza kana chiitiko che HIV chichionekwa. Kana kurapwa kwatangwa nokukurumidza, vanhu vanorarama nehutachiwana ikozvino vane mukana wakanakisisa wekurarama hupenyu hwakanaka uye hutano hupenyu .
Sources:
> National Institutes of Health (NIH). "Kutanga antiretroviral therapy pakutanga kunowedzera zvibereko zvevanhu vanotapukirwa neHIV." Bethesda, Maryland; yakabudiswa musi waMay 27, 2015.
> Seng, R .; Goujard, C .; Krastinova, E ;; et al. "Kuchinja kwehupenyu hwehupenyu hweHIV viremia kwenguva refu yekudzikinura kweCD4 + kuwanda uye CD4 + / CD8 + muyero pakati pevarwere vari pamwe chete nehutachiona hwehutachiona." AIDS . January 13, 2015; yakabudiswa mberi kwekudhinda; DOI: 10.1097.
> Zhu, J. naPaul, W. "CD4 T masero: kutora, mabasa, uye zvikanganiso." Ropa. 2008; 112: 1557-1569.
> Luckheeram, R .; Zhou, R .; Verma, A .; et al. "CD4 + T Cells: Kusiyanisa uye Mabasa." Clinical and Developmental Immunology. 2012: 2012 (925135); DOI 10.1155 / 2012/925135.