Chii Chinoitika Kana Fungus Inobata Ubongo
Kune chimwe chinhu chinotyisa pamusoro pefungus. Zvichida nokuti fungi haisi yakasiyana nemamwe marudzi anozivikanwa ehupenyu, zvakadai semiti kana mhuka. Kana kuti pamwe isangano iri pakati pefungus nezvimwe zvinhu zvakafa kana kufa. Kunyange zvazvo pasina hutachiona hwakagamuchirwa, chimwe chinhu pamusoro pezvirwere zvefungal chinoratidzika sechinhu chisina kunaka. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika apo fungus inopinda chimwe chinhu sechinokosheswa uye chega sehupfungwa dzedu.
Zvirwere zveFungal zvepakati yenheyo hazviwanzojairika, asi kana zvirwere zvakadaro zvichiitika, zvigumisiro zvinogona kuva zvinoparadza. Izvo zvinotevera ndezvenjeredzi yezvirwere zvakajairika zvehutachiona muuropiyo, asi zvinosuruvarisa, rwandu rwakakwana rwevamwe vanogona kuparadza vangangodarika nguva yakareba.
Aspergillus
Aspergillus mhando dzakawanda kwazvo mumasikirwo. Pasinei nekusununguka kazhinji, hutachiona hwevanhu neAspergillus hahuwanzozivikanwi, kunze kwekuti masimba ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira akadzivirirwa. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunosanganisira chirwere cheshuga, steroid, kurapwa kwechirwere , kanzira, dambudziko, kusagadzikana, uye AIDS , pakati pevamwe.
Mhuka inopinda mumuviri mushure mokufemera mumapapu, uko inopinda muropa. Rimwechete muropa, Aspergillus anogona kubata zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira uropi. Aspergillus iyo inopinda muuropi inokonzera kukanganisa kana kukanganisa zvakanyanya, kufanana kana kushaya simba.
Inogonawo kukonzera meningitis . Zviratidzo zvemainitisitis zvinosanganisira musoro, fivha, uye mutsipa wakaoma.
Pamusoro peMRI, utachiona hweAspergillus hunoita kuti chigumbuso chinoratidzika sekannonball muuropi. Kurapa kune antifungal agent sevoriconazole kana amphotericin. Kunyangwe nekurapa, kufa kwehutachiona uku kwakanyanya.
Candida Albicans
Munenge munhu wose ari kutakura candida mumuviri; icho chikamu chemafari chaiwo emakumbo uye mabhuku e genitourinary. Dzimwe nguva chiitiko chinoitika chinokonzera candida kubuda mumiganhu yayo yakakwana, iyo inowanzokonzera mbiriso yevirusi muvakadzi. Candida anozivikanwawo nekukonzera tsrush , kupfeka kwakachena kwemuromo uye nehuro.
Muzvirwere-maitiro, varimi vanogona kupinda muropa ndokupararira kune zvakasiyana-siyana mumuviri. Candida inogona kukonzera meningitis, kazhinji inonyanya kuve neonates, kana sekushandura. Kuongororwa kunoitwa nekuunganidza huwandu hwechirebrospinal fluid (CSF) kukura mune zverairi tsika.
Coccidioides Immitis
Coccidioides inowanikwa mumarenje ekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumaodzanyemba United States neCentral neSouth America. Kutapukisa ne coccidiosis kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akawanda, kubva pane inowanzoita bhenji fever inouraya meningitis.
Kana zvisina kubatwa, anenge 95 kubva muzana yevarwere vane chirwere chinokonzera mishonga inouraya vachafa mukati memakore maviri, maererano neNational Institutes of Health, asi apo vanenge 150 000 zvirwere zveCoccidioides zvinowanikwa gore roga roga, zvishoma pane 100 zvezvi zvinosanganisira meningitis. Zvinogona kutora mwedzi kubva pakatanga kutapukirwa kwemainititis kuti zvive pachena.
Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kuora musoro kwakanyanya, pamwe nezvimwe zviratidzo zvingasave zviripo kusvika pakupera kwechirwere chacho.
Kuongororwa kwe coccidia meningitis kunonyanya kuitwa nekuongororwa kweCSF, yakagadziriswa nekugadziriswa kweganda . Zvirwere zvekare zvinogona kuongerwa kushandisa CSF. Pazviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, biopsy yematukisi akakomberedza uropi (meninges) inogona kudikanwa kuti iongororwe zvakajeka.
Chirwere chinosarudzwa che coccidiosis zvirwere ishoko fluconazole. Vamwe vanachiremba vachawedzera amphotericin B. Kana hydrocephalus iripo, shunt inogona kunge yakakosha zvakare. Zvinogona kutora mavhiki kusati kwave nekuvandudzwa kwakajeka.
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Cryptococo inopinda mumuviri kuburikidza nemapapu mushure mekunge mumwe munhu afuridzira mune fungal spore. Kubva ipapo, fungus inopinda muropa uye inopararira kuburikidza nemuviri, kunyanya kuuropi. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune vanhu vane maitiro ekudzivirira zvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira, asi pane dzimwe nguva vane hutano vanhu vane utachiona naClaptococcus.
Cryptococcus kazhinji inokonzera aseptic meningoencephalitis (kuputika kweuropi uye maitiro akaipoteredza), ane musoro, fivha, uye kazhinji misoro yakaoma uye kurutsa. Iyo incephalitis inokonzera kukanganisa kusanganiswa kwechinhu chinoshanduka uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinonzwisisika.
Cryptococcal meningitis inogona kuongororwa nekushanda kuongororwa kwakakodzera pane cerebrospinal fluid inowanikwa nekwenyoro . Kana kukanganiswa kweCSF kuchienzaniswa, kunogona kuve kwakanyanya mune zvirwere izvi. MRI haigoni kuratidza kuchinja, asi dzimwe nguva uwandu hunogona kuvapo. Kuongororwa ropa kunogona kuitikawo kuvarwere kwe cryptococcal antigen iyo inogona kubatsira mukuita izvi kuongororwa .
Histoplasmosis
Histoplasmosis iyi fungus inogona kuwanika kune yakasikwa, vanhu vane utano-asi inowanzokonzera zvirwere zvakakomba. MuUnited States, kazhinji inowanikwa mumipata yeOhio ne Mississippi muMiddlewest states.
Kazhinji yenguva, fungus inokonzera matambudziko kune vanhu vane maitiro ezvirwere zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvinokanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu akaita AIDS kana mamwe mishonga. Histoplasma inogona kukonzera fivha, kuora muviri , uye kuneta.
Kunyange zvazvo histoplasmosis inogona kukonzera matambudziko mumuviri wose-kunyanya mapapu-apo inorwisa hutachiona hwehurumende, inogona kuonekwa nekutsvaga maantigen mu cerebrospinal fluid . Iyo mhuka haioneki kukura nyore mu laboratori. Hafu yenguva, tsika dzeCSF hadzikure mhuka, kunyange kana kune utachiona. Dzimwe nguva, uropi kana meningeal biopsy ndiyo nzira chete yekuita kuti uongororwe.
Histoplasmosis iyo inopinda mumutambo wenheyo inogona kuva yakaoma kurapa. Inenge 60 kusvika ku80 muzana yevarwere vanoita kurapwa pakutanga, maererano neNational Institutes of Health, asi inenge hafu yeiyi inogona kudzoka zvakare mumakore apfuura. Muchiitiko chekudzokazve, vamwe varwere vangada nguva refu-kana kuti kunyange hupenyu hurefu-hunopesana nemafuta.
Amphotericin B ndiyo inorayirwa kurapa kune avo varwere vanorwara zvakakwana kuti vapinde muchipatara. Vaya vasina kurwara zvakanyanya vanogona kubatwa zviri nani neitraconazole.
Mucormycosis
Mucormycosis ndechimwe chezvirwere zvinotyisa zvikuru zvepfungwa. Apo fungus iyi inopinda muuropi kana mishonga inokosha yeropa zvakapoteredza uropi, kufa kwehutano kwakanyanya. Varwere vashomanana chete vakamborapwa pasi pemamiriro aya.
Iyo fungi inokonzera zvirwere izvi chaizvoizvo inowanikwa muzvisikwa uye vanhu vose vanogara vachifumurwa. Kufanana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakawanda, zvinenge zvese zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona zvinoitika apo murwere asina kudzivirirwa.
Chirwere chinonzi mucormycosis chinowanzotanga muchivi chechivi , apo chirwere chacho chinotanga kutevedzera sinusitis ine musoro , kusangana, uye fivha. Iyo fungus inouraya inopinda mishonga yakakurumidza uye inogona kupararira kubva kumazvitema zvakananga mumaziso neuropi. Kazhinji, fungus inogona kusvika kuuropi kuburikidza nemimwe migwagwa, yakadai seyo mushure mekurayiwa muropa neropa remishonga.
Pangosangosarudzwa kuti mucormycosis inogadzirwa, chiremba anovhiya anodiwa kuitira kuti aparadze zvisikwa zvose zvakafa. Kuvhiya uku kunogona kuve kusvibisa, sezvinoitwa musana weputi, kumativi kweziso, uye marate zvingada kubviswa. Kutanga kutanga kwechirwere chakasimba chinopikisa fungal chakadai samamphotericin chinonyanya kukosha. Kunyangwe nechisimba, kurasikirwa kwakadaro kunokonzera kushaya mucormycosis hakusi nyore.
Sezvawacherechedza, maitiro akawanda ehutachiona hwehutachiona hunowanikwa kune vanhu vane maitiro ezvirwere zvekudzivirira zvirwere vasingashande zvakanaka. Kunyange zvazvo fungus inogona kurwisa vanhu vane utano, zvirwere zvakadaro hazviwanzoitiki. Izvozvo zvakati, zvirwere izvi zvinogona kuva zvakakomba, kana kunyange zvinouraya, uye zvinoda kuonekwa nekurapwa nekukurumidza.
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