Viral Meningitis uye More
Izwi rokuti "meningitis" rinoreva kuvhiringidza kwemazino, izvo zviri zvinyoro zviduku zvakapoteredza uropi nemutsipa wesipinha . Aya mazinga anogona kugumbuka nemaabhakitiriya, mavairasi, fungi, kanzira, uye kunyange mishonga yakafanana ne ibuprofen .
Meningitis inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya inonzi septic meningitis. Ichi ndicho chirwere chekurapa chinotarisirwa uye chinokumbira kurapwa nokukurumidza nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Nenzira yakanaka, chirwere ichi chinonzi meningitis hachina kufanana kupfuura aseptic meningitis.
Aseptic meningitis zvinongoreva kuti meningitis kwete nekuda kwebhakitiriya, iyo inosiya nhamba yakawanda yezvimwe zvinokonzera. Kazhinji yenguva, an aseptic meningitis haisi kupisa upenyu. Kana uropi hunova hunovawo hunyoro (an encephalitis ), mamiriro acho akaoma. Mamwe maitiro e-meningitis, akadai akonzerwa ne herpes simplex , ane dambudziko rakakura rekuve encephalitis. Nokuti meningitis uye encephalitis zvakabatana zvikuru, vamwe vanachiremba vanoshandisa izwi rokuti "meningoencephalitis" kurondedzera zvirwere panguva imwe chete.
Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveAseptic Meningitis ?
Izvozvo zvekare zvinowanikwa zve meningitis zvinopisa fever, mutsipa wakaoma (nuchal rigidity), uye musoro. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kushungurudza, kurutsira uye kuwedzera kwekurwadziwa kwepfungwa nechiedza (photophobia). Vana vakwegura zvakakwana kuti vataure vangave vachigunun'una pamusoro pemusoro kana kunyorera.
Kana meningitis nguva dzose ichikonzera zvitatu zvezviratidzo izvi, kuongorora meningitis kunenge kuri nyore. Zvinosuruvarisa, mamiriro acho kazhinji haasi akajeka. Muzviitiko zvinyoro, zvitsva zvekutsvaga kwemutsipa wakaoma zvingasave pachena. Kuita kufungidzirwa kunonyanya kuoma kuvana, avo vangave vachiri vaduku zvikuru kudondedzera musoro.
Vana vacheche vanogona kuva nefivha uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekurwara, zvakadai sokuputika, chirwere, kana kusadya zvakanaka.
Chii Chinowanzokonzera Aseptic Meningitis?
Chikonzero chikuru pane aseptic meningitis chirwere chetachiona . Mune dzimwe nguva, dzimwe nguva mazwi aseptic meningitis uye viral meningitis anoshandiswa zvakasiyana, kunyange zvazvo pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai seanoratidzira kana kuti fungus zvinogonawo kukonzera aseptic meningitis. Vakawanda vedu tanga tine urombo hweAaseptic meningitis munguva dzakapfuura, dzakadai semusoro kana tine chirwere. Zvisinei, aseptic meningitis inogonawo kuuya mune mamwe maitiro akaoma, mamwe acho anogona kuuraya.
Mishonga inowanzokonzera meningitis muvana inosanganisira mhuri inonzi enteroviruses . Izvi zvinokonzera anenge 90% yehutachiona hwemagetsi. Mhuri iyi yemavirusi inowanzokonzera kukanganisa, kusuruvara, kurutsa, uye dzimwe zviratidzo zvokufema, pamwe chete nemasumbu aches atinowanzobatana nekunzwa kurwara (myalgias). Chero bedzi chinopfuura hafu yevana vakwegura kupfuura imwe chete kana makore maviri vane nuchal rigidity. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vachirarama pasina dambudziko rakawandisa, rimwe divi rinonzi enterovirus 71 rinonyanya kuipa uye rinogona kukonzera kushungurudzika kwemitsipa yepamusoro, kuora muviri, uye chirwere chepemmayari.
Imwe mhuri yemavirusi inonzi inokonzera meningitis ndiyo herpes simplex virus mhuri (HSV). Vakawanda vedu tinofunga nezvehutachiona ichi sehosha yepabonde, asi chaizvoizvo, inogona kupararira kuburikidza nedzimwe nzira zvakare. Kazhinji, masimba edu ezvirwere anochengetedza HSV kuti irege kukonzera dambudziko guru, asi kana HSV ikasununguka, iyo inonyanya kukanganisika neurological emergency. Encephalitis yakajairika, iyo inogona kukonzera kukanganisa uye kukanganiswa kwepfungwa sekushaya simba, kupera, uye kuvhiringidzika. Vanhu vazhinji vane HSV encephalitis vanofa kunyange kana vakagamuchira kurapwa. Pasina kurapwa, kufa kwehuwandu huri nani.
Nenzira yakanaka, HSV inowanzokonzera zviratidzo zvekare zvakadai sefivha, mitsipa mikukutu, uye misoro, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuziva nekubata nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Arboviruses imhuri yehutachiona inotakurwa nemumhutu nemikiti. Kazhinji, idzi maitiro e meningoencephalitis akanaka kwazvo, pamwe nezvimwe zvisingaiti zvakanyanya. Utachiona hunokonzera St. Louis encephalitis ranges kubva kune furu-kufanana ne-meningitis kune chirwere chinouraya. La Crosse encephalitis kazhinji inokonzera kukanganisa uye kuratidza zviratidzo zvehutano. Utachiona hweWest Nile hunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kuora mitezo uye coma, kunyanya kune vakwegura vakuru. Kusiyana neizvi, kumavirazuva ega equce encephalitis inokonzera zviratidzo zvinorema kune vana kudarika vanhu vakuru, kusanganisira kukanganisa .
Zvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera aseptic meningitis. Vana vacheche vanogona kutapukirwa nevanhu parechovirus (HPeV), izvo zvinogona kukonzera meningoencephalitis uye kunyange kuparara. Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa, zvisinei, zvinongogumbuka, fivhiri, nekukurumidza. Vana vaduku vanogonawo kutambura kubva ku congenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis yegciwane, iyo inogona kukonzera zvinetso zvehutano zvakanyanya mukuwedzera ku meningitis. Chirwere chechirwere chinowanzokonzera encephalitis pasina meningitis asi chinogona kukonzera meningitis zvakare. Kusunga meningitis hakusviki zvino nekuda kwezvirwere, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuonekwa. Nenzira yakanaka, meningitis mukati memumps zvose hazvishamisi uye hazvina maturo.
Vanachiremba Vanoona Sei Aseptic Meningitis uye Encephalitis?
Kana pane chimwe chinhu chinonetseka kuti mumwe munhu angave ane chirwere chakakomba chinonzi meningitis kana encephalitis, vanachiremba vanowanzotanga mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya pakarepo, kunyange vasati vapedzisa kuongorora kwavo. Nemhaka yokuti mamwe maitiro e-meningoencephalitis akaoma kwazvo, kunyange kumirira kwemaawa mashomanana okuwedzera kuongororwa kudzoka kunogona kuva nengozi.
Nhanho yekutanga ndeyekuti hapana bhakitiriya meningitis iripo, iyo inoda kuti mamwe maantibioti anokurumidze kutanga. Pakupedzisira, nzira yakanakisisa yekuziva kuti meningitis inogadziriswa. Muchiitiko ichi, nheyo inodonha pakati pemapfupa emushure mu sac ye-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) iri pasi apa apo rupempa tsvimbo inoguma. Vanachiremba vanotarisa zviratidzo zvekuvhiringidza, zvakadai semamwe masero machena eropa muScF kupfuura zvinotarisirwa. Iro gram stain inoshandiswa kutarisa mabhakitiriya. Glucose uye mapuroteni anoenzaniswa. Kana glucose yakanyanya kuderera, zvingangodaro nokuti mamwe masero ari kutambisa iyo shuga.
Kana pane zviratidzo zvekunyanya kukwidziridzwa kwekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro , zvakadai sekuchinja kwakanyanya kwepfungwa, mutambo weK CT unowanzotanga kuitwa pakutanga kuve nechokwadi chokuti kuvhara kwekambari kunokonzera kushamwaridzana. Kana kukamanikidzwa pasi peuropi kuchibviswa, kuwedzerwa kwemukati mukati mehenya kunogona kuchinja huropi kuburikidza nehombodo duku iyo iyo mutsara wesimbi inobva, iyo inogona kukonzera kuora mitezo nekufa.
Ropa rekuyera richaswededzwa kutsvaga zviratidzo zvehutachiona kunze kwenheyo yenheyo zvakare. Ropa richave rakagadzirwa kuti rione kana mabhakitiriya achikura.
Kana pane zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinoratidza humwe hutachiona kana mabhakitiriya, miedzo inogona kushandiswa kune imwe chete iyo inotapurirana kunze zvakananga. Semuenzaniso, nemhaka yekuoma kweHSV zvirwere, somuenzaniso, miedzo inowanzomhanyira kuve nechokwadi kuti hapana HSV iripo mu-cerebrospinal fluid mushure mekugadzikana kwechikwata .
Nonviral Zvinokonzera Aseptic Meningitis
Mamwe mabhakitiriya haafaniri kuzvibata nenzira yatinogona kutarisira kune hutachiona hunokonzera septic meningitis. Semuenzaniso, mune dzakawanda zviitiko zve septic meningitis, glucose ishoma kwazvo. Zvisinei, glucose inogona kuva yakasununguka mumatambudziko eLyme , leptospirosis, ehrlichiosis, uye syphilis .
Zvimwe zvirwere zvinoderedza glucose asi hazvionekwi muchirwere chemavara chinowanzoshandiswa kutsvaga mabhakitiriya. Kuongororwa kwakakosha kunodiwa kuitira kuti uongorore hutachiona hunokonzerwa nezvipenyu izvi. Zvirwere zvefungal , tuberculosis, uye listeria mhando dzemhando idzi dzisinganzwisisiki dzinokonzera kusanganisa kwemainiritiki inogona kudzivisa kuonekwa pahuwandu hweScF kuongorora.
Mimwe mishonga inogona kukonzera kuvhiringidza kwe meninges. Chirwere chinowanzoitika pakuita izvi zvichida chiri pamusoro pe-non-anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) yakadai se ibuprofen. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonzi trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, iyo inowanzoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvekuvhota, inogona kukonzera aseptic meningitis.
> Sources:
> Rotbart HA. Viral meningitis. Semin Neurol 2000; 20: 277.
> John Attia; Rose Hatala; Deborah J. Cook; et al.Does Uyu Murembera Ane Murefu Ane Hutachi Hwemhuka Here? JAMA. 1999; 282 (2): 175-181.