Kusasarurira Tarisa Maitiro uye Unyanzvi hweKinnabis Kushandisa muhukama neHIV
Kubvira pamazuva ekutanga ehutachiwana hweHIV, marijuana (cannabis) yakashandiswa kurapa zvizhinji zvezvinetso zvezvirwere, zvichibva kune zviratidzo zveHIV kuparadza syndrome kune migumisiro inobatanidza nehutachiona hwekushandisa zvinodhaka .
Kunyange zvazvo zvizvarwa zvitsva zvinodhaka zvakagadzirisa zvakanyanya kukanganisa nekuoma kwezvizhinji zvezviitiko izvi, marijuana ichiri kunzi yakagamuchirwa senzira yekudzivirira marwadzo, kuora mwoyo, kuora muviri, uye kuora mwoyo kunogona kutapukirwa nehutachiona.
Pakave nemazano ayo marijuana inogona kubhadhara nguva refu kubudirira kubudirira-kana kunyange kudzivirira-kufambira mberi kwechirwere.
Saka chii chiri chokwadi? Pane zvidzidzo zvekutsigira zvirevo izvi here, kana kushandiswa kwebambani mukurapa HIV nehuputi uye pasina ruzivo?
Kushandiswa kweMambakwedza kweHIV
Kubva kutanga kwema1980 kusvika pakati pemakore ekuma1991, HIV yakabatsira zvikuru kufa nekurwara muUnited States. Chizvarwa chepakutanga mishonga yeHIV yakashandurwa kwete kungoerekana yasvika kare , kazhinji yaiuya nemigumisiro yakakomba uye dzimwe nguva yakaodza mwoyo.
Uyezve, vanhu vanorarama nechirwere ichi vaiva pangozi yakawanda yezvirwere zvatisingaoni kakawanda mazuva ano, kusanganisira Kaposi's sarcoma (chirwere chisingawanzoitiki chepachirwere), AIDS chirwere chemazuva, uye zvinonzi HIV kuparadza syndrome.
Yakanga iri, chaizvoizvo, iyi yekupedzisira iyo yakatanga kusimbisa kutsigira kwekushandisa mushonga wezvechiremba. Vanachiremba, avo panguva iyoyo vakanga vasina maitiro mashoma ekurapa, vakafunga kuti chido chekudya marijuana-chinokurudzira dzimba chinogona kubatsira avo vane ruzivo rwakanyanya, kusanzwisiswa kurasikirwa kwechiremera sechikonzero chechichiri-chisingaoneki.
Sezvo mitemo panguva iyo yakarambidza kushandiswa kwebambani mumagariro ekurapa, vanachiremba vakatanga kupa chirongwa cheParamende III chemishonga Marinol (dronabinol) , ine chinyorwa chetethyhydrocannabinol (THC), iyo inoshandiswa inoshandiswa yehunabhasi.
Kunyange zvazvo Marinol akabudirira mukuderedza zvakawanda zvezviratidzo zvekuparara kweHIV, vazhinji vakaramba vachida "nguva yekurova" yakagadzirwa kubva kumatatu kusvika kune mana kunyengedza fodya.
Kutsvakurudza Kubatsira Marijuana Mukurapa HIV Kukonzera
Kunyange zvazvo rubatsiro rwembanje mukurapa kwekuparara kweHIV kune simba, zvizhinji zvekutsvakurudza zvinotsigirwa zvisati zvanyanyiswa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa, zvikuru, kuti mitemo inoshandisa marijuana kushandiswa yakamanikidza tsvakurudzo yakaoma yesayenzi.
Kusiyana neizvi, zvidzidzo zvinotsigira kushandiswa kweMarinol zvave zvakanyatsosimbiswa. Zvose zvenguva pfupi uye zvenguva yakareba kutsvakurudza kwakagumisa kuti Marinol anogona kukura chido uye kugadzirisa uremu nevanhu vane hurumende yakaderera, pavanenge vachiwedzera kuwandisa kwemazana kubva muzana muhutano hwemasumbu.
Kusiyana neizvi, pane zvishoma zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kubudirira kwekusvuta mbanje pakuwana mhinduro dzakafanana. Kunyanya kutsvakurudza, chaizvoizvo, kunoratidzika kuratidza kuti Marinol anonyanya kubudirira mukukwanisa kuwedzera kuwanda. Pasinei neizvi, vanhu vanowanzosarudza kusvuta mbanje nekuda kwezvavanofunga, zvinobva pakukurumidza kunokonzera kushungurudzika kwayo.
Uyezve, zvinodhaka zvakadai seMegace (megestrol acetate) dzinozivikanwa kuti dzinoshanda zvakanyanya pakukurudzira kuwedzera kudarika kudarika Marinol (kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kunowanzoitika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemafuta omuviri pane kuonda kwemisimba mizhinji). Pakati pemishonga mitatu, hapana inoita seine chinetso chekudzosa cachexia , muscular atrophy inosangana nekudengenyeka kukuru.
Mazuva ano, nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzinosanganisira kusanganiswa kwechido chekudya uye vanabolic zvinodhaka (kufanana ne testosterone uye kukura kwevanhu hormone) kubata chirwere chakanyanya. Kuti izvi zviitike, mbanje inogona kupa rubatsiro kudarika kuwandisa uye kudya mwoyo. Nokuwedzera huwandu hwehupenyu hwomunhu hune hupenyu hune humwe, kune uchapupu hwekuti marijuyo yezvechirwere inogona kuvandudza kunyatsoteerera kwehutano hweHIV .
Kutaura zvazviri, chidzidzo chakabudiswa mu Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes chakagumisa kuti vanhu vane zvirwere zvakakomba zvepamuviri vaiva 3.3 dzimwe nguva inowedzera kubatana nemishonga yavo yeHIV kana ikatsigirwa nemuchu.
Marijuana Mukuderedza HIV-Yakabatana Nerve Pain
Mukuwedzera kune chido chayo chinokurudzira dzimba, mbanje yave ichiwanzoshandiswa kunoderedza chirwere chinorwadza chinonzi peripheral neuropathy , chinokonzerwa nemagumisiro anowanzobatanidzwa nezera rekare remishonga yeHIV.
Peripheral neuropathy inowanikwa apo mhepo yekunze ichivhara masero emagetsi ekubviswa. Kana izvi zvikaitika, kupera kwehutachiona kunogona kukonzera kusanzwisisika "pini uye nheyo" kunzwa kunogona kufambira mberi kusvika pakukanganisa zvakanyanya. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chirwere chepurogiramu chakakura kwazvo pakuita kufamba kana kunyange kuyerwa kwemubhedha pamakumbo ako hazvigoni kutakura.
Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakatsvakurudza matanho emagumisiro emuchomo mukurapa izvi zvinowanzoita kuti chigadziriswe. Chimwe chidzidzo chakadaro, chakaitwa kuGeneral Clinical Research Clinic muSan Francisco General Hospital, yakayera migumisiro yekusvuta mbanje kune vanhu vane chirwere chepurogiramu neuropathy pamwe chete ne-non-THC marijuana placebo yakashandiswa muboka rechipiri.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza, kusvuta mbanje kunoderedza marwadzo ezuva nezuva ne 34 muzana, kaviri nhamba inowanikwa muboka re placebo. Uyezve, 52 muzana yevaya vaidya marijuana vakange vanopfuura kudarika 30 muzana kuderedza marwadzo, vachienzaniswa ne24 chete muzana ye armboo.
Mutsvaga akagumisa kuti kushandiswa kwekusvuta mbanje kwaive kwakaenzana nezvino inowanika inzwi rinoshandiswa kugadzirisa hutachiona hweHIV hunobatana neuropathy.
Ko Marijuana Inogona Kurwisa Utachiona hweHIV Kubudirira?
Kunyange zvazvo pane tsvakurudzo yakawanda yekusimbisa kushandiswa kwebambanje mukurapa mamiriro ezvinhu akawanda ane hutachiona hweHIV, pane zvakakosha mazano ayo mushonga unogona, muchokwadi, unonoka kukura kwezvirwere .
Chimwe chidzidzo chakaitwa kuLouisana State University chakaratidza kuti mazuva ose maTCC akabatana nehuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutano uye hupenyu huri nani huri monke dzine HIV neSIV (iyo simi yehutachiona hweHIV). Mukuwedzera, mbongoro idzi dzakawana tsanga inoshamisa muCD4 + T-seli , pamwe nekurasikirwa kwemazivi shoma kana ichienzaniswa nevasiri vateveri veTC.
Maererano nekudzidza, apo yakaiswa pamusoro pemwedzi 17, THC yakaratidzika kuderedza kukuvara kwezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira zvemuviri, iyo nzvimbo yekutanga yeHIV. Nokuita izvi (uye zviri pachena paine genetic level), kufambira mberi kwezvirwere kwaive kunonoka uye kwakagadzirisa zvirwere zvekudzivirira muviri.
Nepo zvisingave zvakakwana zvakajeka kuti zvinokonzerwa neHCC zvinoshandiswa sei, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kukurudzirwa kweR22 (mutachiwana we cannabinoid unobatanidza nehutano hwakanaka hwekupindura) inogona kuvhara chimwe chezvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvakagadzirisa utachiona hweHIV.
Kana ichokwadi, izvi zvinogona kupa nzira yekurapa iyo CR2 inogona kukurudzirwa kusimbisa simba rekudzivirira muviri uye kunonoka chirwere chacho pachako. Izvo zvisingatauri ndezvokuti marijuana, ingave inoputa kana kutorwa mumuromo, inokwanisa kupa chero rubatsiro rwekurapa HIV pachayo.
Zvakaipa Zvakaipa zvekushandisa Marijuana
Nyaya yembanje yechiremba inoramba ichikakavara uye inopomerwa mune zvematongerwe enyika. Nepo, kune rumwe rutivi, pane chichikura chinowedzera zviratidzo zvinobatsira zvekurapa, pane dzakawanda zvinogadziriswa zvakagadziriswa zvinogona kuderedza izvo zvikomborero.
Sechirwere, THC inoshanda pane dzimwe hutachiwana hutachiwana masero anoita basa mukuvandudza kwehuropi nekushanda. Kana yakashandiswa pakuvaraidza, THC inopfuura-inofadza masero aya, ichipa "yakakwirira" iyo vashandi vanoedza kutsvaka. Muvechiri kuyaruka, iyi yepamusoro yekukurudzira zvakanyanya kunogona kuita zvinoshamisa kugadzirisa kushanda kwenguva refu, kuratidzira nekunakidzwa nekuyeuka uye kuderedza unyanzvi hwokudzidza. (Izvozvi hazviiti sechokwadi kuvanhu vakuru vanogara vachipfunga.)
Uyezve, kuderedza mbanje kushandiswa kunobatanidza nehuwandu hwakaipa hwemuviri uye hwepfungwa, kusanganisira:
- Zvinetso zvinopisa, zvakafanana nezvinoonekwa nevaya vanoputa fodya
- Kuwedzera kwemaitiro emwoyo, zvinetso kune avo vane chirwere chemwoyo
- Zvinokonzerwa nezvinetso zveku fetal panguva yekuzvitakura
- Kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nechirwere chepfungwa, kusanganisira schizophrenia
- Kunyorerwa uye kunonoka kupindura nguva, inoda kusvika kaviri pangozi yekuparara kwemotokari inouraya
- Kusagadzikana kwehutano hwevarume nekuda kwechikamu chemuviri wevanhu
Kunyange zvazvo migumisiro yakaipa yehutsika-shoma, kushandiswa kwekudya kwekodha kunoratidzika kuva yakaderera, inogona kuva yakakomba kune vanhu vanotambura. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezera-rinovimba uye rinogona kusiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kune munhu.
Kusiyana nechitendero chinowanzoitika, mbanje inogona kudhakwa. Kurapa kwekudhakwa uku kunomanikidzwa kunyanya kune maitiro ekurapa. Hapana mishonga inowanikwa ikozvino kubata chirwere chinokonzerwa nekodha.
Mishonga yeMarijuana Mitemo neHurumende
Nzvimbo yepamutemo inopoteredza marijuana yezvechirwere ichikurumidza kuchinja. Nhasi, inopfuura hafu yehurumende yeUnited States ikozvino inobvumira zvakakwana, zvirwere zvevanhu zvinoshandiswa pakurapa marijuana uye zvirongwa zve cannabis.
Kunyange zvazvo hurumende yeHurumende ichiri kutsanangurira mbanje sechirongwa cheParamende I (kureva kuva nekwakakwirira yekutarisira uye kusagamuchirwa kwechiremba), kushandiswa kwepamutemo kwakawedzera, pamwe nedzimwe nyika dzinobvumira kutengesa kwekutengesa kuvanhu vakuru. Mitemo iri mune izvi inowanzosiyana asi inowanzochengetedza kubva kune zvakaipa zvingaitwa kana marijuana inoshandiswa mukurapa. Imba yekurima kune dzimwe nyika inobvumidzwawo.
Kubva muna 2016, hupfumi hweUnited States (Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, Washington) vakanyoresa mbanje kune zvose zvekurapa nekuvaraidza.
Pasinei nekushandura kwemutemo, seChirongwa cheParamende I, mbanje inoramba ichinyorwa zvisiri pamutemo kubva pamagariro eHurumende. Sezvo zvakadaro, mbanje yezvechirwere haigoni kuvharwa nehutano inshuwarheni uye haikwanisi kunyatsorongedzerwa nechiremba, uyo anokanganisa kutonga kwemutemo kunyange mune zvese apo mariko yezvechiremba inotenderwa.
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