Kune zvakawanda zvinokonzera uye zvinokonzerwa nemukenza wemapapu, asi kuderedza izvi kusvika kumusoro 5 kana 10 dzimwe nguva kunobatsira. Ndezvipi zvinokonzera zvinonyanya kukosha?
Zvinokonzera Kupfuura Kuputa
Apo patinotaura pamusoro pezvinotungamirira zvinokonzera kenza yemapapu, pfungwa dzedu dzinomhanyira kusvuta. Asi apo imwe yezvikonzero zvinotungamirira zviri pachena, zvimwe zvikonzero zvinokonzera zvingakushamisa iwe.
Apo patinotaura pamusoro pemigumisiro yemukenza wemapapu, tiri kunyanya kutaura nezvezviitiko zvinokonzera chirwere.
Iko kune zvakawanda zvichida uye zvinokonzerwa nengozi dzemukenza wemapapu. Asi dzimwe nguva dzimwe nguva izvi zvichinyanyisa kusvika kumusoro 5 kana 10 zvinogona kubatsira. Sei? Mukutaura nezvengozi zvinhu zvatiri kutaura pamusoro penzira dzaungaita nadzo kuderedza dambudziko rako. Nekumwe kwezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera njodzi, zvakadai sokusvuta kana kuedza imba yako ye radon, unogona kutarisira kudzoka kukuru (maererano nekuderedza ngozi) kubva pamabasa ako. Neimwe yezvinokonzera kana zviduku, zvinokonzerwa nekutsvaga nguva yako zvingava nekudzoka kwakaderera. Zvakanaka, isu tose taizoziva zvose zvinogona kuisa njodzi uye tinoshandura mararamiro edu kuti tidzivise izvi zvinokonzera. Asi musangano redu rinokurumidza kufamba, izvo hazvisi zvechokwadi.
Chii chinonyanya kukonzera kenza yemapapu iyo munhu wose anofanira kuziva?
Kusvuta
Kusvuta kunokonzera 80 muzana kusvika 90 muzana yemarariya emapapu uye zvinokonzera kufa kwekenza kanomwe gore rimwe nerimwe muUnited States.
Izvozvo zvakati, 10 muzana yevarume uye 20 muzana yevakadzi vanova nekenza yemapapu havana kumboputa, uye kupfuura hafu yemapapu emapapu zvine chokuita nekuputa zvinoitika kare, kwete ikozvino, kusvuta.
Radon
Kubudisa gasi reodhoni mumisha yedu ndicho chechipiri chinokonzera chirwere chemapapu zvakakwana, chinotakura chirwere chemapapu makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi maviri pagore.
Radon exposure ndiyo nhamba imwe yekonzera yemapapu emapapu mune vasiri kusvuta .
Radon gasi inokonzerwa nokuora kwechisikwa kweuuranium pasi pemisha yedu uye inogona kupinda misha yedu kuburikidza nekuputika mune nheyo, kuvhurwa kunopoteredza mvura, nemapapiro akapoteredza mapaipi. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeRadhoni dzakawanikwa mumisha mune zvese makumi mashanu uye munyika yose. Sezvo radon isati isingaoneki, gesi isina kunakidza, nzira chete yekuziva kana iwe uri pangozi ndeyokuedza imba yako ye radon . Zvadaro dzidza kana iwe unogona kuderedza mazinga mumba mako.
Secondhand Smoke
Chechitatu chechikonzero chinokonzera kenza yemapapu, inokonzera kufa kwevanhu 3 000 gore negore kune vanhu vasina kumbobvira vachema, inofuta utsi hwechipiri . Kurarama nemumwe munhu anosvuta kunomutsa dambudziko rako rekuve nekenza yemapapu ne 20 muzana kusvika ku30 muzana, uye kunyange kupfupika kwenguva pfupi kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kunogona kutungamirira kumukenza wemapapu.
Occupational Exposures
Pa-ku-kusvitsa basa kune zvinokonzera kenza zvinokonzera 6 muzana kusvika 17 muzana yemakenza emapapu mumarume muUnited States. Zvimwe zvezvipembenene zvinosanganisira mafungu edieleri, zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi zvakadai seBenene, makemikari akadai sevinyl chloride, uye zvigadzirwa zvakadai se chromium uye arsenic. Vashandi vanodikanwa kuti vape ruzivo rwemashoko nezvezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvingave zvakasunungurwa, uye zvakakosha kutarisa izvi uye kutora chero zvakarongedzwa zvinorayirwa.
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo
Kusvibiswa kwemweya kunokonzerwa nemugwagwa, kupisa kwemafuta, dial, uye huni zvinokonzera kusvika 5 muzana yemukenza wemapapu mumurume, uye 3 muzana yevakadzi muUnited States. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika, nhamba idzi dzakawanda kwazvo.
Zvimwe Zvinokonzera uye Zvinokonzera Zvimwe
Kune dzimwe dzakawanda zvinokonzera kukonzera kwemapapu emapapu ayo akaongororwa. Kana iwe uchida iwe unogona kunge uchida kutarisa zvakakwana mutsara wezvipingamupinyi zvinokonzerwa nekenza yemapapu. Isu tinoziva kuti kune chimiro chemashoko pamwe chete, kunyanya kana mutanho wemapapu unowanikwa muvechidiki, vakadzi, uye vasamboputi.
Pasi Pasi
Kenza yemaperembudzi chirwere chinotyisa. Ikozvino ndiyo iyo inokonzera rufu rwehutano rwehutano hwevarume nevakadzi muUnited States uye munyika yose. Panguva imwecheteyo, maitiro akawanda emukenza wemapapu anogona, mune nharo, kudziviswa. Hatizivi nzira yekudzivirira nayo kenza yemapapu kubva nguva dzose, asi tinoziva nezvenzira dzakawanda dzaungaita kuderedza dambudziko rako. Zvichida wakanzwa kuti kusvuta haisi pfungwa yakanaka, asi vanhu vashomanana vanoziva kuti kuita raid rayo test (pamwe nekiti kubva mune hardware store) uye kutsvaka radon remediation kana zvisiri izvo, zvinogona kuparadza ngozi yako yechipiri kutungamirira kukonzera pamwe uye chinokonzera chikonzero chemukenza wemapapu mune vasiri kusvuta.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Lung Cancer. Risk Factors. Updated 05/31/17. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/lung/basic_info/risk_factors.htm
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Occupational Cancer. Updated 11/03/15. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/
> Environmental Protection Agency. Radon. https://www.epa.gov/radon
> Robinson, C. et al. Occupational machepa yemapapu muUnited States vakadzi. 1984-1998. American Journal of Industrial Medicine . 2011. 54 (2): 102-17.