Kana chiremba wako akuudza iwe kuti une mapapu akawanda, zvinogona kuva zvinotyisa. Chii chinonzi vanachiremba pavanotaura "mapapu mashoma," chii chinokonzera chinokonzera, ndeipi mikana yemukenza wemapapu emapapu, uye ndeipi miedzo inogona kukurudzirwa kuti ione chikonzero chacho?
Tsanangudzo
A "mapapu mashoma" anorondedzerwa senzvimbo isina kukwana kana nzvimbo mumapapu anopfuura 3 cm (1 ½ inches) muhukuru.
Kana nzvimbo (kana mavara) isingapfuuri masendimita matatu muhupamhi, inonzi " lung lungule ". Zvinonyanya kukonzera mapapu emusi zvakasiyana kubva kune zvemapapu emapapu, uyewo mukana wekuti kusakadza kungave kenza.
Zvinokonzera
Sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, izwi rokuti mapapu chinogadziriswa rinoshandiswa kurondedzera zviduku zvisingashamisi mumapapu kupfuura pepapu. Pasi pose, mukana wekuti mapapu emapapu ane bhanhire makuru kune mukana wekuti wakaipa (kanzira),
Zvinosuruvarisa, chikonzero chinonyanya kukosha chemazana mumapapu ndeimwe yemhando yemukenza wemapapu . Iwe usati wanyatsotsamwiswa pakuverenga izvi, zvakadaro, pane hutano hunokonzera mapapu mashoma. Uye kunyange kana iri chirwere chemapapu, zvose zvirwere uye kuponesa zviri nani mumakore achangopfuura. Sezvaunoverenga, chengetedza izvi mupfungwa, kunyanya kana iwe wakaziva mumwe munhu ane kenza yemapapu kupfuura gore kana maviri apfuura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mukenza wemapapu wakatanga (kenza yemapapu 4 emapapu) inogona kuonekwa sechirwere chisingagumi.
Uye immunotherapi mishonga (iyo yakagamuchirwa muna 2015 uye ikozvino 4 inowanikwa) dzimwe nguva inogona kutungamirira "kugadzirisa mhinduro" (oncology chinangwa nokuda kwekuda kunyange kurapa) kune vanhu vane zvikamu zvepamusoro zvechirwere.
Kansa yemaperembudzi yakawandisa uye ikozvino ndiyo inokonzera kukonzera kufa kwekenza muvarume nevakadzi muUnited States.
Kanza yemaperembudzi inogona kuitika kunyange kune vanhu vasina kumboputa, uye chaizvoizvo, vazhinji (vanenge 80 muzana) yevanhu vanova nekenza yemapapu panguva ino havaiti; ivo vangave vekare vakvuta kana kusamboputa. Inenge makumi maviri kubva muzana yevakadzi vanova nekenza yemapapu havana kumbosvuta fodya imwe chete. Kusiyana nekuderedza kenza yemapapu muvarume vakwegura, kune rimwe boka revanhu, kenza yemapapu iri kuwedzera zvikuru: vechidiki, vasingamboiti kusvuta vakadzi. Izvozvo zvakati, kune hutano (husina kenza) hunokonzera mapundu emapapu.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera mapapu mass zvinosanganisira:
- Kanza yemaperembudzi.
- Mamwe kanzira. Zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kuonekwa sehukuru mumapapu zvinosanganisira lymphomas uye sarcomas.
- Bhenign (kwete-kenza) mapapu emapapu, akadai samamartomas , rudzi rwakakurumbira rwebenign lung tumor.
- Metastases (kupararira) kwekenza kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri kusvika kumapapu. Iyo kanzira inowanzopararira kumapapu uye inogona kukonzera mapapu mashoma kana masasa zvinosanganisira kenza yemazamu, kenza yemaroni, kenza yemukaka, uye kenza yeprostate.
- Mapfupa emakumbo. Kusuruvara kwezvirwere izvo "zvakakomberedzwa" uye zvinowanikwa nemuviri.
- AV kusagadzikana. AA malformation ishutano husina kukwana pakati pemishonga uye mitsipa inowanzovapo kubva pakuzvarwa.
- Lipoid pneumonia.
- Zvirwere. Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nefungal zvakadai se coccidiomycosis uye blastomycosis uye zvirwere zvepasitic sezvakaita echinococcus (hydatid cysts) zvinogona kukonzera mapapu mashoma.
- Chimiro chemapurisa aneurysms. Kubuda mukati memiviri inosvika kubva pamwoyo kusvika mumapapu inogona kuonekwa sehuwandu hwekuongorora mifananidzo.
- Amyloidosis. Amyloidosis ndiyo inovaka mapuroteni asina kukwana anoumba mashoma.
Link to Cancer
Zvinosuruvarisa, kunyanya kuongororwa, kana iwe uine mapapu akawanda, chirwere chemapapu. Asi kune dzakawanda zvisingave nekenza zvinokonzera, sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa. Huru hwemapapu inowanzova nekenza kana inorondedzerwa se " girasi yevhu " pamushumo wekufungidzira, asi kuwanikwa kwe " kuverenga " kunonyanya kuonekwa mumatumbu ane chirwere.
Kana bundu rinorondedzerwa se " gavhuna " rinogonawo kuva rakanaka. Nhoroondo yekusvuta, kana kushanda mumabasa ekudzivirirwa kwezvinhu zvinokonzera kenza zvinomutsa mukana wekuti chirwere chekenza.
Mibvunzo Yechiremba Wako Unogona Kubvunza
Chinhu chokutanga chiremba wako achange achida kuita ndechokuti aite nhoroondo yakajeka uye yepanyama. Mimwe yemibvunzo yaangabvunza inosanganisira:
- Wakambosvuta here?
- Wakambofamba here munguva pfupi?
- Ndeapi mamwe mararamiro aunayo?
- Iwe une mhuri yekare yematambudziko ezvoutano, kusanganisira menza yemapapu nemamwe mapapu?
- Wakambove wakananga kune radon yakakwirira mumusha mako here? ( Radon ndiyo yechipiri inotungamirira chikonzero chemukenza wemapapu.)
- Iwe unenge uine zviratidzo zvakadai sokukanganiswa kusingaperi , kukwepa ropa , kupererwa kwepfufu , kurwadziwa munzvimbo yemapapu ako, pfudzi , kana kumashure , kana wakambove usina kurasikirwa kurasikirwa ?
Kuziva
Zvichienderana nemigumisiro yenyaya yakanyatsocherechedza uye kuongorora mumuviri, mimwe miedzo ingasanganisira:
- A CT scan. Kana chiremba wako akataura chirwere chepapu pachifuti x-ray , chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga zvaanogona kupa ndeye CT scan kuti uone huwandu huri pedyo. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kutsanangura ukuru uye nzvimbo yehukuru, uye dzimwe nguva kuve nechokwadi chokuti mashoma haasi "chigadzirwa" pane x-raire-ndiko, chimwe chinhu chakaita sendima asi chakanga chisina kudaro, chakadai sekubatanidzwa yezvimedu.
- MRI zvidzidzo.
- PET Scan . PET scan is imaging study that looks for active active in a place that is suspicious. Somuenzaniso, nzvimbo inoshungurudza iyo isingasviki paPET scan ingave yakareruka mutsvuku asi nzvimbo inopenya (inoratidza chiratidzo chekukura zvakasimba) inowanzova chirwere chekenza. Miedzo yakaita seyi inogona kubatsira zvikuru kana munhu aine kurapwa kwemishonga yekenza yemvere, chirwere cheHodgkin, kana kenza yemapapu munguva yakapfuura, sezvo majekesa angakonzera kuora mhuka inotarisa yakawanda sechirwere pamifananidzo.
- Bronchoscopy . Kana uwandu huri pakati penzvimbo yemapapu ari pedyo nemhepo huru, goroscopy inogona kukurudzirwa. Munguva yegonchoscopy, vanachiremba vanotora tubhu rinoshandiswa mumuromo mako uye pasi mubronchi yako. Uyu muedzo unogona kutarisa kusakanganiswa mukati uye pedyo nenzira huru yemhepo, uye biopsy inogona kuitwa kana zvichidikanwa. An endobronchial ultrasound inogonawo kuitwa (i-ultrasound inogadzirwa kuburikidza nebronchi) panguva yebronchoscopy kuti ione zviri nani zvishoma mumapapu asi iri pedyo nemhepo.
- A yakanaka sindano biopsy . Kana mapapu ako ari munzvimbo dzekunze dzemapapu, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira bhizinesi ine nheyo iyo inowanikwa kuburikidza nerusvingo rwechifuva uye muhukuru kuti uwane shanduko yemaviri.
- Kuvhiyiwa kwakakomba . Dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuwana samuri yemasero ari mumuapapu ako pamwe nesaropi yenyuchi kana kuti ne-bronchoscopy. Kana izvi zvikaitika, chirwere chinonzi thoracic chinogona kukurudzirwa kuti uwane shanduko yezvisikwa . Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekufungidzirwa zviduku uye kushandisa zvishandiso nekhamera (kuvhiyirwa mavhidhiyo-anobatsira chirwere chetachiracoscopic), kana kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwetsika kuti upinde mapapu (thoractomy).
Kurapa
Mushonga wemapapu ako mashoma uchabva pane chinokonzera chinokonzera. Kana iri chirwere chekenza yemapapu kana kubva kupararira kwekenza kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yomuviri kusvika kumapapu, kusarudzwa kweutano kunogona kusanganisira chirwere, chemotherapy, kana remishonga inonzi radiation. Zvimwe zvikonzero zvishoma zvishoma zvinowanzokonzera mapapu emapapu, zvakadai sezvirwere, zvichabatwa zvichienderana nekuongororwa iwe iwe nachiremba wako mushure mekuongorora.
Benign vs. Malignant Masses
Inogona kuva yakavhiringidza kana iwe uchitanga kuonekwa kuti une nodule yemapapu kana mapapu mashoma. Sei zvisiri nyore kutaura kana chimwe chinhu chiri chekenza kana kwete? Nei zvipatara zvakasiyana zvakadaro? Zvinogona kubatsira kubatsira kudzidza musiyano pakati pevhutu rakaipa uye rinorwara .
Shoko Rinobva
Kana chiremba wako ane chokwadi chekuti mapapu ako ane kenza, unogona kunge unotya. Izvi zvinorevei? Chii chinoitika zvino? Kana izvozvo zvichitsanangura iwe, tora nguva kuti udzidze nezvematanho ekutanga kutora apo iwe unorwara nemukenza wemapapu . Yeuka kuti kurapa kuri kuwedzera. Iva iwe mupepeti wako uye dzidza zvakawanda sezvaunokwanisa pamusoro pehosha yako. Panewo musha wakanaka wemukenza wemapapu uripo paIndaneti nevanhu vanogona kupa rubatsiro (rudzi rwomumwe munhu anorarama nehosha yacho anogona) paanenge achikubatsira zviri nani kunzwisisa kenza yako uye yako zvingasarudzwa.
> Sources:
> Kasper, DL .., Fauci AS, naHauser, SL. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York: Mc Graw Hill yembudzi, 2015. Print.
> Pass, HI. Nheyo nemitoo yemukenza wemapapu: inonyanya kutaurwa mashoko eIASLC. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. Print.
> Yao, Y., Lv, T., uye Y. Rwiyo. Nzira Yokuona Dambudziko Rokunyora Nodules: Kubva Kuchengeta Kurapa. Kushandura Kwemafungiro Emaronda Ongororo . 2017. 6 (1): 3-5.