Kuita shanduko kugadzirisa mararamiro ane hutano - kuburikidza nezvokudya, kuita zvekuita, kana zvimwe zvimwe zvinoshanduka - zvinokosha pakuchengeta mazinga ako echolesterol uye triglyceride ane utano. Dzimwe nguva, izvi hazvigone kushanda, uye mubatsiri wako wehutano angada kukuisa pamishonga.
Mune mishonga yakakosha-cholesterol ikozvino pamusika, uye imwe neimwe yemishonga iyi yakaderera necholesterol uye / kana triglyceride maitiro nenzira dzakasiyana.
Uyezve, imwe neimwe yemishonga iyi inotarisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvehuwandu hwepombi yako. Semuenzaniso, mamwe madhiragi angangoshanda chete mukuderedza yako LDL cholesterol mazinga, asi mamwe mishonga inogona kutarisa zvinhu zvose zvehuwandu hwepombi yako. Chero zvazvingava, mupi wehutano wehutano achayera zvikomborero uye njodzi dzemishonga imwe neimwe, uye sarudza yakanakisisa-kuderedza zvinodhaka zvinodhaka kwauri. Iyi mishonga yemishonga inoshandiswa mishonga ikozvino pamusika:
Statins
Statins, inozivikanwawo seHMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, ndiyo inowanzosarudzwa nemishonga inokonzerwa nekodetoriki. Kunyange zvazvo vakagamuchira mukurumbira wakaipa kune vamwe vasina kufanira, asi zvisingaiti, migumisiro yakaipa , inotarisa zvinhu zvose zvehupfumi hwako.
Statins dzinogona:
- Kuderedza LDL pakati pe18 nezana 65 muzana
- Wedzera HDL ("yakanaka" cholesterol) kusvika pa5 muzana kusvika 15 muzana
- Kuderedza triglycerides ne7 muzana kusvika 30 muzana
Haisi chete mitemo inoshanda kuburikidza nekusimudzira zvikamu zvose zvehupiritsi yako yehushutori, yakave ichizivikanwa kuti inodzivisa rufu uye zvinetso nekuda kwehutano hwehutano.
Statins inewo anti-inflammatory properties iyo inobatsira kuderedza kufambira mberi kweAristrosclerosis iyo inogona kutungamirira kuhutano hwehutano. Nezvimwe zvikomborero zvemasimita, madhiragi aya ndeaya anonyanya kutaurwa nezvehutachiona hwekuderedza mishonga. Mishonga inotevera inotsanangurwa semasimoni:
- Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
- Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- Simvastatin (Zocor)
- Lovastatin (Mevacor)
- Pravastatin (Pravachol)
- Fluvastatin (Lescol)
Bhiri Acid Resins
Bile acid resins inoderedza cholesterol muropa nekudzivirira bile acid kubva pakudzorerwa zvakare. Vanowanzoshanda kuLDL cholesterol, kuideredza iyo kubva pakati pe15 kusvika ku30 muzana uye kuwedzera kuwedzera HDL kusvika kusvika pa5 muzana. Kazhinji, triglycerides haibatanidzwi ne bile acid resins - uye inogona kuwedzera maitiro e-triglycerides. Uyezve, mamwe mavitamini nemishonga haagoni kutorwa kuzotanga nguva yaunotora bile acid resin, sezvo kunwa kwavo kunogumira uye kunogona kuita kuti zvive zvisina kukodzera. Mishonga inotevera inotsanangurwa se bile bile resin:
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Colestipol (Colestid)
- Colesevelam (Welchol)
Fibric Acids
Fibric acids, kana fibrates, inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekukwanisa kwavo kuderedza triglycerides, iyo inogona kuderedzwa ne20 kubva kune makumi mashanu kusvika ku50 muzana. Vanoderedzawo mitemo yeLDL pakati pe5 kubva muzana kusvika ku20 muzana uye vanogona kusimudza HDL mazinga kusvika kusvika 20 muzana. Iri kirasi remishonga rave richizivikanwa kuti rinoita kuti musisi uwedzere, kunyanya kana ichibatanidzwa nemimwe mishonga yakadai semasitini uye warfarin (Coumadin). Munyaya iyi, mutapi wako wehutano angashandura dhidhi yemishonga yako (semuenzaniso we warfarin).
Mishonga inotevera ndeye fibrates:
- Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
- Fenofibrate (Tricor)
Absorption Inhibitors
Ezetimibe iye zvino ndiyo chete mishonga iri mukirasi uye inowanikwa chinangwa cheLDL cholesterol mazinga, ekuderedza LDL mazinga kuburikidza nechiyero chezana 15 muzana. Kazhinji, ezetimibe inobatanidza nemasimoni kuti ave nechokwadi chekuita simba pakuderedza mazinga eLDL. Kunyange zvazvo mishonga iyi yakaratidzwa kune yakaderera LDL, haina kuonekwa kuti inodzivirira zvakananga kufambira kwehutano hwepfungwa painoshandiswa uri woga. Ezetimibe (Zetia) ndiyo chete mishonga yaDA-inogamuchirwa mukati mechikwata ichi chemishonga.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Kunyange zvazvo kune-over-the-counter-omega-3 fatty acids inowanikwa, mishonga inonzi omega-3 fatty acid products yakave yakawedzerwa kuongororwa kwakawanda kuti iongorore kubudirira kwavo uye kuchengeteka.
Izvi zvinowanikwa ne docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) uye eicosohexaenoic acid (EPA) seyongowedzera inowanikwa muzvitoro, asi izvi zvikamu zvinowedzera kucheneswa uye zvakanyanya kuenzaniswa nekuenzanisa kune-over-the-counter supplements. Chiremba omega-3 fatty acids inonyanya kushandiswa kune vanhu kuti vatarise zvakanyanya kwazvo triglyceride levels, kuderedza triglycerides kusvika kusvika 45 muzana. Ikozvino pane mishonga mitatu omega-3 fatty acid [zvinowanikwa zviripo:
PCSK9 Inhibitors
Iyi mishonga inovhara mapuroteni ePCSK9 kubva pakubatana naLDL receptors nekuita kuti vanyadziswe. Izvi zvinobvumira LDL receptors kuti dzirambe dzichishanda nekubvisa LDL kubva mumuviri - zvichiita kuti inoderedza LDL cholesterol mazinga ne50 muzana mune zvidzidzo. Mishonga iyi mukirasi inowedzerwa apo ikozvino klesterterol-kuderedza mishonga (yakadai semasitini) haisi kupera zvachose LDL cholesterol mazinga. Inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nemafaro-ane utano hwakanaka uye inotorwa nemasimini kana mamwe madhiragi ekuderedza madhiragi. Vanhu vanotora mishonga iyi vane chimwe chezvinhu zvinotevera zvirwere:
- chirwere cheristrosclerotic chinosanganisira midziyo yeropa uye / kana mwoyo
- nhaka yehutano, homozygous kana heterozygous family hypercholesterolemia
Kune zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvinotarisa kuongorora kukwanisa kwemishonga iri mukirasi kuderedza dambudziko rekufa kana kuva nekurwadziwa kwemwoyo kune vanhu vanovatora. Zvinodhaka mukirasi ino zvinosanganisira:
Nherera Drugs
Zvimwe zvinononoka-kurapa mishonga zvinongorayirwa kune vanhu vane yakakura kwazvo LDL cholesterol mazinga. Iyi mishonga inowanzogadzirirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo munhu ane nhaka yakagadzirirwa inokonzera huwandu hwepamusoro pamakumbo mudiki, uye mamwe mishonga - yakadai semasitini - haasi kubatsira pasi maLDL mazinga.
Mimwe yemishonga iyi inogona kukonzera madhara, zvakadai sechiropa, saka dzinowanzogoverwa pasi pechirongwa chinokosha nevanoita zvehutano vanoziva nemishonga. Iyi mishonga inosva itsva mumusika uye inoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzikisa mitemo:
- Antisense inhibitors: Mishonga iyi mune zvidzidzo zvechikwata zvinowirirana kune chikamu chemutumwa RNA iyo inofanirwa kutora apo B-100, kuderedza kuwanda kwe apo B-100 yakaitwa mumuviri. Izvi zvinoderedza chikamu cheVLDL neLDL cholesterol mumuviri. Iyi mishonga inosanganisira Kynamro (mipomersen), iyo inoderedza LDL neanenge 25 muzana.
- MTTP inhibitors: Mishonga iyi yakaderedza LDL cholesterol nekudzivirira microsomal triglyceride kutumira protein (MTTP), molecule mumuviri unodzivirira VLDL uye chylomicrons kuti dzirege kuitwa muchiropa. Juxtapid (komitapide) ndiyo chete inogamuchirwa mishonga iyi mukirasi yemishonga uye inoderedza LDL ne50 muzana.
Sources:
Dipiro JT, Talbert RL. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiological Approach, 9th, 2014.