Mirayiridzo yehutachiona hweHIV yakavapo kwenguva yakareba iye zvino. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji havaongorori HIV nguva dzose. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti panguva iyo mumwe munhu anoonekwa kuti ane hutachiwana hutachiwana hweHIV, vanogona kushamisika kana kune nzira ipi zvayo yekuziva pavanenge vatapukirwa kana kuti avo vanovabata.
Zvitsva uye Zvekare HIV Utachiona
Pane nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuti vanachiremba vatarise kana munhu akangobva kuongororwa ane HIV anewo hutachiwana .
Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, kana kuongororwa kwaitwa kare kare, vanachiremba vachawana vanhu vanoedza kuonekwa nehutachiona hweRNA kana p24 antigen asi avo vasati vava antibody zvakanaka. Ava ndivo vanhu vari muzvikamu zvekutanga zve HIV. Zvisinei, haazogadziriswa pamitambo yakawanda yehutachiona hweHIV . Nokudaro, zvakadaro zvakananga zvekare HIV hutachiwana hutachiona hunenge husingawanzoitiki.
Kazhinji, vanachiremba vari kuedza kuongorora kana munhu akaedza kuve akaenzana nehutachiwana hweHIV yakaongororwa kana kuti kwete. Vanhu ava vakatova nema antibodies anopesana nehutachiona. Nokudaro, vanachiremba vavo vakasara kuti vatarise humwe humwe hunhu huripo hwezvirwere izvi. Izvi zvichange zvakasiyana kune vanhu vane hutachiwana hutachiwana hweHIV kupfuura vanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV.
Anhu hunhu hunoratidzika hunoitwa navanachiremba kuitira kuti aone chiitiko chinokonzerwa neHIV chinosanganisira:
- Mhando yezvirwere zvinopesana . Kusiyana kwakasiyana- siyana kwezvirwere zvinoratidzika panguva dzakasiyana mushure mekutsvaga pathogen . Kune zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kubatsira pakusarudza kana munhu achangobva kutapukirwa kana kwete. Zvisinei, zvirwere zveGM zvinowanzoshandiswa kuongorora zvirwere zvitsva zvinogonawo kuvapo kune vanhu vane chirwere cheHIV kwenguva. Saka, izvi hazvisi nguva dzose zvakakosha pakugadzirisa hutachiwana hweHIV sezvinoita vanachiremba. (Izvi zvinogona, zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa kusiyanisa pakati pekusingaperi uye kwemazuva ano herpes zvirwere.)
- Kuwanda kwezvirwere zvinopinda . Mushure mokunge ma antibodies anotanga kuonekwa mukupindura kwehutachiwana hutachiona hweHIV, anowedzera kudarika kwemwedzi yakawanda. Ipapo vanobva vatanga kutarisa. Kana izvi zvichishandurwa zvinogona kuonekwa, zvinogona kunge zviri chiratidzo chehutachiona huchangobva kuitika.
- Ihwo hutachiona hweHIV hunoita kuti zvirwere zvinosungirirwa . Sezvo hutachiona hweHIV hunoenderera mberi, huwandu huwandu hwemasikirwo ehutachiona hweAIDS hunochinja. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa izvi kuronga kana mumwe munhu ane chirwere chekare kana chekare.
- Izvo zvakasimba masimba anoramba akasunga kuHIV . Vanhu vatsva vanotapukirwa neHIV vane zvirwere zvinosunga zvisingatauri neHIV kune vanhu vane zvirwere zvakagara kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, vanhu vakatanga utachiona munguva pfupi mushure mekunge vaine hutachiona vanogonawo kunge vane zvirwere zvinopesana nemafungiro akadaro.
Asi Zvichida Hazvizoitiki
Mukupedzisa, zvinokwanisika kuti vanachiremba vatarise kana HIV yenyu itsva inowanikwa inokonzerwa nehutachiwana hutsva kana utachiona hwekare. Zvisinei, ruzivo urwu harungagoni kutsanangurwa nehutachiwana hweHIV. Kusarudza kana chirwere chinenge chachangobva kuonekwa ndechirwere chetachiwana hweHIV chinonyanya kuitwa nevanhu vanoshanda mune HIV. Haisi chikamu chechirwere chekutarisira kurapa. Nokudaro, kana uchangobva kuonekwa kuti une HIV uye unofunganya nezvayo kana iwe uchishanda , iwe unogona kutaurirana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiwana nezvekuwedzera kuongororwa.
Haasi chiremba wega wega achaziva kana kuti anokwanisa kuwana, teknolojia inodikanwa.
Mukati, nguva zhinji, vanachiremba havazoiti maitiro aya ekuongororwa nevarwere vanenge vachangobva kuongororwa - kunyange kana vakakumbira. Murwere anowanzofungidzirwa ane chirwere chakaoma (kureva kuti achangotapurirwa) chirwere bedzi pavakange vaedzwa uye vakawanikwa vasina kunaka mukati megore rapfuura. Varwere vatsva vane hutachiwana hweHIV avo vasina kuongororwa nguva dzose vanowanzokwanise kuziva kana ivo vachangobva kutapukirwa.
Zvakakodzera kutaura nezvekuti kune dzimwe mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu umo vanhu vanoguma kugadziriswa sevakangotapukirwa panzvimbo pekuchangobva kuongororwa.
- Kana munhu ane anti-HIV antibodies uye iri RNA yakanaka, asi yavo yeWestern blot is indeterminate. Izvi zvinofungidzirwa kuti chiratidzo chehutachiona hwakaoma. Izvi zviitiko zvinogona kubatwa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwezvigadziriswa zvinoshandiswa kuona HIV.
- Apo munhu anoedza kuti ave nehutachiona hweRNA asi haasati atoita kupesana neHIV antibodies. Zvisinei, havasi kuongororwa kweHIV kwose kunosanganisira kuongorora RNA, saka madambudziko aya anoshaya nyore nyore.
Sei Kutarisa Utachiona hweHIV Hwakakosha?
Kuongorora hutachiona hweHIV huri hutsva hunokosha. Kuita izvi kunogona kuderedza kupararira kweHIV. Nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, vanhu vari pangozi yakanyanya yekuendesa HIV kune avo vanoita zvepabonde mumavhiki, mwedzi, kana makore vasati vaziva kuti vane HIV.
Chikonzero chekutanga chekuti vanhu vane HIV vangangova nengozi kune avo vavakidzani vasati vapedza maitiro akanaka. Kana vasina kuziva ngozi yavo, vangave vasina kusununguka kuita zvepabonde zvakachengeteka . Chechipiri ndeyekuti vanhu vatsva vanowanzobatwa nehutachiona vane hutachiona hwepamusoro uye vane hutachiwana hwehutano kupfuura vanhu vane utachiona kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinoita kuti mukana wekupfuura hutachiona uwedzere panguva ipi zvayo yakasangana. Chechitatu ndechekuti kana iwe usina kuongororwa, iwe hausi kurapwa . Kurapa kunogadzirisa zvikuru njodzi yekukuvadza mumwe wako. Chaizvoizvo, ikozvino inoshandiswa senzira yekudzivirira.
Sources:
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Lee LM, McKenna MT. Kuongorora kuitika kwehutachiona hweHIV muUnited States. Public Health Rep. 2007; 122 Suppl 1: 72-9.
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