Inhaka uye Yakagadziriswa Matambudziko eDzidziso Inotungamirira Kusina Kunaka Hemolysis
Hemolysis ndiko kuparara kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Masero matsvuku eropa anowanzogara mazuva anenge 120. Pashure pacho, vanofa uye vanoputsika. Masero matsvuku eropa anotakura okisijeni kune muviri wose. Kana masero matsvuku eropa ari kuputsa zvisiri izvo, pachava nehope dzadzo kutakura oksijeni. Zvimwe zvirwere nemamiriro ezvinhu zvinokonzera masero matsvuku eropa kuti aparare pasi nokukurumidza, zvichikonzera kuneta uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvakakomba.
Mhando dzeHemolytic Anemia
Kune marudzi mazhinji ehemolytic anemia uye mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kupiwa nhaka (vabereki vako vakapfuudza jeni maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu kwauri) kana kuwanikwa (zvinoreva kuti hauna kuberekwa nemamiriro acho ezvinhu, asi iwe unozvikurira pane imwe nguva muupenyu hwako). Matambudziko anotevera uye mamiriro acho mimwe mienzaniso yemhando dzakasiyana dze hemolytic anemias:
Inherited Hemolytic Anemias. Iwe unogona kuva nezvinetso ne hemoglobin , membrane yesero, kana maantimisi anoramba ane utano hwemasero matsvuku eropa . Izvi kazhinji zvinokonzerwa nejene (s) inokanganisa iyo inodzora tsvuku dzeropa rekugadzirwa. Paunenge uchifamba neropa, masero asina kujairika anogona kunge asina simba uye achiputsa.
Sickle Cell Anemia. Chirwere chakakomba chakagara nhaka apo muviri unogadzira hemoglobin isina kukodzera. Izvi zvinokonzera masero matsvuku eropa kuti ave nechikwereti (kana chikoro) chimiro. Utachiona masero anowanzofa mushure memazuva gumi kusvika kumakumi maviri semafuta emapfupa asingakwanisi kuita masero matsvuku eropa zvakaringana kuti atsive avo vanofa.
MuUnited States, sickle cell anemia inonyanya kubata maAfrica America.
Thalassemias . Izvi zvinotapira dambudziko reropa umo muviri usingakwanisi kuita zvakakwana zvemamwe marudzi e hemoglobin, izvo zvinokonzera kuti muviri uite masero masero matsvuku eropa kupfuura ose.
Hereditary Spherocytosis. Apo chifukidziro chekunze chemasero matsvuku eropa (pamusoro penhembera) chakakanganiswa, masero matsvuku eropa ane upenyu husina kufanana kwenguva shoma uye nharaunda , kana bhero-kufanana, chimiro.
Hereditary Elliptocytosis (Ovalocytosis). Uyewo inobatanidza dambudziko neyero membrane, masero matsvuku eropa ane mavara asinganzwisisiki, haana kufanana nemasero matsvuku eropa, uye ane upenyu hupfupi kupfuura masero ane utano.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Kukwana. Apo masero ako matsvuku eropa ari kushayika enzyme inonzi G6PD , saka une G6PD inoshaya. Kushaiwa kwe enzyme kunokonzera kuti masero matsvuku eropa aparuke ndokufa pavanosangana nezvimwe zvinhu muropa.
Kune avo vane G6PD vasina kusimba, zvirwere, kushushikana kukuru, zvimwe zvokudya kana madhiragi, zvinogona kukonzera kuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Mimwe mienzaniso yezvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira mishonga yemishonga yemapirisa , mhepo inopisa , isina-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sulfa zvinodhaka , naphthalene (a chemikemikari mune mamwe mothballs) kana mahavha.
Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency. Apo mutumbi unoshaikwa enzyme inonzi pyruvate kinase, masero matsvuku eropa anowanzoputsa nyore nyore.
Akawana Hemolytic Anemias. Apo hemolytic anemia yako inowanikwa, masero ako matsvuku eropa angave akajairika asi zvimwe zvirwere kana chimwe chinhu chinokonzera muviri wako kuparadza masero matsvuku eropa mumutsara kana ropa.
Immune Hemolytic Anemia. Muchiitiko ichi, muviri wako wesimba unoparadza masero matsvuku eropa .
Iyo mitatu miviri yemuviri we immune hemolytic anemia ndeyi:
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kufanana nehemolytic anemia mamiriro (AIHA inopa hafu yezvose zvinokonzera hemolytic anemia). Nokuda kwechikonzero chisingazivikanwi, AIHIA inokonzera muviri wako kuti uwane zvirwere zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvinorwisa masero ako matsvuku eropa. AIHIA inogona kuva yakakomba uye inouya nokukurumidza zvikuru.
- Alloimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA). AHA inoitika apo masimba ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira anorwisa kutapurika, kuwedzerwa ropa , kana mune vamwe vakadzi vane pamuviri, fetus. Sezvo AHA inogona kuitika kana ropa rakawedzerwa ropa rakasiyana neropa rako, AHA inogonawo kuitika panguva yekuzvitakura apo mukadzi ane Rh-isina ropa uye mwana wake ane Rh-positive ropa. Rh chinhu chinonzi mapuroteni mumasero matsvuku eropa uye "Rh-negative" uye "Rh-positive" zvinoreva kana ropa rako rine Rh factor.
- Zvinodhaka-induced hemolytic anemia. Apo mishonga inokonzera masimba emumuviri wako kuti atange masero ayo matsvuku eropa, unogona kunge uri mishonga-inokonzerwa nehemolytic anemic. Makemikari mumishonga (yakadai sepenicillin) anogona kusungirirwa kune zvitsvuku zvemasero eropa uye kuita kuti kukura kwezvirwere.
Mechanical Hemolytic Anemias. Kukuvadzwa kwepanyama kune tsvuku dzemuviri tsvuku kunogona kukonzera kuparadzwa nokukurumidza kudarika kudarika. Kukanganisa kungave kunokonzerwa nekushandurwa mumidziyo midzi yeropa, mamwe majekesheni ezvokurapa, kuwedzerwa kweropa mukati mekuita pamuviri (preeclampsia), kana eclampsia (chiitiko chinokonzera kukanganisa mumadzimai ane pamuviri), chirwere chinopisa simba kana chirwere chisingawanzi ropa sezvinonzi thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura , iyo inokonzera kuvhara ropa kuumba mumidziyo midzi yeropa mumuviri wose. Mukuwedzera, mabasa anotyisa anogona dzimwe nguva anoita kuti hosha yeropa inokanganisa mumakumbo (zvakadai sekumhanya marathon)
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH). Mumuviri wako uchaparadza masero masero matsvuku eropa (akonzerwa nokushaiwa kwezvimwe mapuroteni) nekukurumidza zvakanyanya pane zvinowanzoenderana nechiitiko ichi. Vanhu vane PNH vari pangozi yakawanda yeku:
- Ropa rinovhara mumakumbo
- Kuderera kwemasero machena eropa uye maplatelet
Zvimwe Zvikonzero Zvokukuvadza kuRopa Dzvuku. Zvimwe zvirwere, makemikari, uye zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa masero matsvuku eropa, zvichiita kuti hemolytic anemicia. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira mishonga inotyisa, marariya, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekenza kana uturu hwenyoka.
Dambudziko reRopa Rinoshandiswa Kuona Hemolysis
Kuona chiremba wako ndiyo danho rokutanga rokutarisa humolytic anemia. Chiremba wako anogona kuongorora nhoroondo yako yezvechiremba uye yemhuri mukuwedzera kune kuongorora muviri uye kuongorora ropa. Mimwe miedzo yeropa inoshandiswa kutsvaga hemolysis ndeyikuti:
- Ropa tsvuku rekuyera ropa (RBC), iro rinonziwo erythrocyte count
- Hemoglobin test (Hgb)
- Serum haptoglobin test
Zvirongwa zvekuongorora zvishomanana zvinotarwa nehurumende sezvinorayirwa neHurumende imwe neimwe zvinowanzoyera (kushandisa shanduro yeropa rega) nokuda kwehanzvadzi cell anemia uye G6PD inoshaya mucheche. Kutanga kufungidzirwa kwezvinhu izvi zvakagadzirirwa zvakakosha kuitira kuti vana vawane kurapa kwakakodzera.
chinyorwa:
National Institutes of Health. Mhando dzeHemolytic Anemia. www.nhlbi.nih.gov. Yakasvika musi wa9 Kurume 2016.