Kunyange zvazvo kusvuta ndicho chikonzero chikuru chechirwere chisingaperi chinoparadza chirwere cheplm (COPD), kwenguva yakareba, nguva yakawanda, kuwedzera kune dzimwe mhando dzekutsamwisa kwemhepo uye, kusvika pamwero muduku, genetics, inogonawo kuita basa rinokosha pakuvandudza chirwere chacho. Izvo zvose zvinokonzera njodzi dzekudziridza COPD, pamwe nezera, hukama hwehupfumi, uye zvirwere.
Zvinowanzokonzera
Kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana siyana zvinogona kuita kuti kusimbiswa kweCOPD.
Kusvuta: Ichi ndicho chikonzero chimwe chete chinokonzera COPD. IAmerican Lung Association inofungidzira kuti 85 muzana kusvika 90 kubva muzana yemhosva dzeCOPD dzakabatana nekusvuta fodya, zvichida neutsi hwemweya kana yekare kana ikozvino kusvuta fodya. Zvisinei, vanhu vasina kumbobvira vachema vanogona kuvaka COPD zvakare.
Occupational Exposure: Kuiswa pachena kumakemikari uye zvinhu zvakadai semarara emarara emarasha, gasi, uye silica kumabasa, kunyanya kwenguva refu, ndeimwe yezvinokonzera COPD pane kusvuta.
Indoor uye kunze kweMhepo Kusvibiswa: Kurega kwenguva yakareba kusvibiswa kwemhepo yomukatikati, kunyanya kusvibiswa nemafuta kubva pakubika uye kupisa munzvimbo dzisina kunaka mudziyo, chimwe chinokonzera, sezvinoita nguva yakareba kusvibiswa kwekunze kwemhepo.
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (AAT) Kukwana: Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) kushayikwa ndechirwere chakazvarwa nhaka iyo inokonzera nhamba shomanana yemhosva dzeCOPD.
Icho chinosanganisira pasi mashoma eAAT protein, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira mapapu ako. Kana uine utera hweAAT, kana usati wambosvuta utsi kana zvimwe zvinopesana nemapapu, unogona kukura COPD nokuti muviri wako haugadzirire zvakakwana AAT protein kuchengetedza mapapu ako kubva mukukuvara. COPD nekuda kweAAT inoshaya inowanzoongororwa pazera duku kupinda COPD inokonzerwa nokusvuta.
Kana iwe uri pasi pemakore makumi mashanu nemashanu uye wakarongerwa neCOPD, bvunza chiremba wako kuti uone kuongorora ropa kuti uone kana COPD yako inokonzerwa nekushayikwa kweAAT , sezvo kusarudzwa kwekurapa kunopesana nehutano hweCOPD.
Chirwere: Dzimwe nguva vanhu vane astmma vanokura COPD. Chirwere, chinosanganisira kuvhiringidza uye kupera kwemafirimu enyu, kazhinji chinodzokodzwa nemishonga.
Genetics
Sezvatotaurwa, kuva nea alpha-1-antitrypsin kukwana kunogona kuva chinhu chinokonzera uye chiitiko cheCOPD. Tsvakurudzo yakaratidzawo kuti kana iwe uine munin'ina wako ane COPD yakanyanya uye iwe utsi, iwe unogona kunyanya kuve nemafungiro emhepo. Mimwe mazai eve akabatanidzwa nekuderedza mapapu emabasa zvakare, asi hazvina kunyatsojeka kana chero ipi zvayo yemagenhi aya ari kunyanya kukonzera kukura kweCOPD.
Risk Factors
Kune huwandu hwezvipingamupinyi zvinokonzera, zvakafanana nehuwandu hwezvinokonzera, izvo zvinobatanidzwa nekukudziridza COPD, dzimwe dzingangodaro dziri mukutonga kwako.
Utsi hwefodya: Kunyange njodzi ikasiyana kune vanhu vakasiyana, kana iwe utsiga utsi uye mamwe mapeji iwe utsi, inowedzera dambudziko rako rekudzidzira COPD rinowanzova. Kusvuta fodya, mapapiro, uye mbanje zvinowedzerawo njodzi yako, sezvinoita kufanana neutsi hwechipiri.
Kana uine mhuri yekare yeCOPD, iwe unogonawo kukudziridza zvakare.
Chirwere chepfungwa: Kana uine chirwere chepifu uye iwe utsi, tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti mungozi yako ekuvandudza COPD inogona kusvika kusvika 12 zvakapfuura kupfuura kune avo vasina chirwere cheputi uye utsi.
Nguva Yenguva Yakajeka Kune Irritants: Kugara kwenguva yakareba kukuvadza kwemapapu zvakadai semakemikari, guruva, kana fumu kubva kunzvimbo yako yebasa, utsi hwechipiri, kana kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunowedzera mukana wako wekugadzira COPD. Kana ukashanda nehasha, taura nemushandi wako nezvekuzvidzivirira.
Zera: Sezvo COPD ichikura pamusoro pemakore, vanhu vazhinji vanenge makumi mana kana vakawana.
Uyezve, iwe paunenge uzere, nzira yako yekunze inoratidzika kuti inopinda mune dzimwe shanduko dzinoenderana neCOPD.
Bronchitis Isingaperi: Kana uri munhu mukuru uye iwe une chirwere chisingaperi uye utsi, mukana wako wekugadzira COPD wakakwirira.
Socioeconomic Status: Kuva nehupfumi hwehupfumi hwevanhu hunoita nengozi yakawanda yekugadzira COPD, asi vatsvakurudzi havasi kunyatsoziva kuti nei. Izvi zvingave zvakabatana nekushaya zvokudya zvakashata, zvirwere, kutarisana nehasha, kana zvinokonzera kusvuta, izvo zvinowanzoonekwa mumitemo yakadzika yezvematongerwo enyika.
Zvirwere: Kana uine nhoroondo yehutano hwehutano hwepabonde, izvi zvinogona kukuisa pangozi yakakura yekugadzira COPD. Kuva nechirwere chetachiona chinokonzerawo ngozi uye dzimwe nguva kunoitika kuwedzera kuCOPD. Kana iwe uine immunodeficiency virus (HIV), izvi zvinogona kukurumidza kusimbisa kweCOPD inokonzerwa nokusvuta.
> Sources:
> American Lung Association. Kudzivirira COPD. Yakapedzwa musi waDecember 23, 2017.
> American Lung Association. Chii chinokonzera COPD. Yakapedzwa musi waDecember 23, 2017.
> Global Initiative Yezvokudya Zvisingagumi Zvirwere Zvirwere. Purogiramu Yenyika Yose yeKutsvaga, Kutungamirirwa, uye Kudzivirira Kushaya Kurapa Pulmonary Disease: 2018 Report. Yakabudiswa naNovember 20, 2017.
> Mayo Clinic Staff. COPD: Zviratidzo uye Zvinokonzera. Mayo Clinic. Yakapedzwa musi waAugust 11, 2017.
> National Heart, Lung, uye Blood Institute. COPD. National Institute of Health. Dhipatimendi reUnited Health Health and Human Services.