Kuenzaniswa kweNhasi Iripo Iripo Rapid Assays
IU.S. Preventive Services Task Force ikozvino inorayira kuongororwa kweAIDS kwekare kune vose veAmerica vane makore 15-65 sechikamu chekugara kwachiremba nguva dzose. Uyezve, vanhu vari pangozi yakakura yeHIV (semuenzaniso, kushandisa inodhaka vanoshandisa zvinodhaka , varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume ) vanokurudzirwa kuongororwa gore negore.
Imwe yenzira dzakakurumbira dzekutarisana neHIV ndiidzo dzinokurumidzika, dzinowanikwa sezvikamu zvose-zve-kutarisira uye neimba-shanduro.
Vanobvumira varwere kuti vawane migumisiro shoma semaminitsi makumi maviri, kuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo izvo zvinogona dzimwe nguva kudzivirira vanhu kuti vadzoke nokuda kwemigumisiro yavo.
Uchishandisa teknolojia yakafanana neyemasikirwo emasikirwo evanhu, kukurumidza kuongororwa kweHIV kunowanikwa uye kana kuedza ropa (zvinoda chiremba wako kuti aite muromo wako) kana saliva (zvinoda muromo we swab).
Kune huwandu hwekukurumidza hutachiwana hweHIV hunobvumirwa kushandiswa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Zvimwe zvinongowanika pahofisi yako yezvechiremba asi imwechete (iyo OraQuick In-Home HIV kitanda ) inogona kutengwa paIndaneti kana kumaprozimisi ako.
Pakati pezvinonyanya kuparadzirwa pane-yeku-kutarisa zvinotevera:
OraQuick Advanced Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test
Iyi miedzo yakakurumidza yakagamuchirwa kuti ishandiswe neropa remhepo, plasma uye mumuromo wemvura kuitira kuonekwa kweHIV-1 neHIV-2. Chiyero chacho chinosanganisira chiduku chiduku chekuedza. Nzvimbo yekuedza pane paddle inobatanidzwa neHIV-1 uye HIV-2 mapuroteni.
Chiyero chekuenzanisa (ropa, plasma, kana mumuromo wemvura) rinoshandiswa kune paddle (mumutambo wemvura fluid paddle is swabbed mukati mukati memuromo) uye yakaiswa mumusikirwo mhinduro.
Kana mufananidzo wacho une HIV, unosungira mapuroteni asina kuvharwa pane padhani rekuongorora HIV rinokonzera mumutsara wekundu kuonekwa.
Mitsara yakatsvuka inoonekwa munzvimbo yekuedzwa uye nzvimbo yekudzivirira nzvimbo ye paddle inoratidza kuedza kwakanaka. Zvose zviyero zvakanaka zvinoda kuvimbiswa ropa. Kuedza kwakakurumidza kunofanira kuverengwa pasina nguva kudarika maminitsi makumi maviri uye pasina mushure maminitsi makumi mana mushure mokunge sarudzo inowanikwa mumhinduro inogadzirisa.
Kuzarura G2 HIV-1 Chirwere cheAnoripusheni
Mhando iyi yekukurumidza kuongororwa neHIV yakabvumidzwa kuti ishandiswe ne plasma kana serum specimens. Kunyange zvazvo kuongororwa kunongotora maminitsi matatu kuti uwedzere, kuedza kwakaoma zvikuru kupfuura OraQuick nokuti inoda serami yakawanda kana plasma. Muedzo unosanganisira cartridge ine nzvimbo yekuedzwa. Kufanana neOraQuick, chero hutachiona hweHIV huri mumuedzo unoenzaniswa neproteiniti yakagadzirirwa munzvimbo yekuedzwa, zvichiita kuti ruvara rutsvuku ruonekwe. Kana imwe tsvuku tsvuku inowanikwa pamwe nemutsara wakatsvuka unoshandiswa sekudzora kuongorora kunonzi kwakanaka, kunoda chivimbo chekuongorora.
Uni-Gold inopedza HIV-1 Test
Uni-Garama yakagamuchirwa kwatiri neropa rose, plasma, kana serumusi kubva pane kuputika kana tsvimbo yemunwe. Iyo inoumbwa nekakorikiti kemakona ane nzvimbo yekuedza, nzvimbo yekudzora, uye muenzaniso wakanaka. Muchengetedzwa unoshandiswa mumutsetse wakanaka uye unobvumirwa kuvhara, kutevera pamwe chete nechikwata chekuedza chakapfuura kutonga uye nzvimbo dzekuedza.
Sezvakakonzerwa nemiedzo miviri yokutanga yatakakurukura, chero hutachiwana hweHIV mune zvidhori zvinosungirirwa kune mapuroteni munharaunda yekuedza, zvichiita kuti mutsara wakatsvuka kuoneka.
Chiyero chinonzi chakanaka kana ruvara rutsvuku ruchioneka munharaunda yekuedza uye nzvimbo yekudzora. Muenzaniso unofungidzirwa wakakwana kana chimiro chemufananidzo chiri tsvuku muvara. Kufanana nemuedzo wose unokurumidza kana kuedza kwakanaka kune unyanzvi hwekusimbisa hunodiwa.
Multispot HIV-1 / HIV-2 Muedzo Wokukurumidza
Iko kuongororwa kweHIV kwakabvumidzwa kuti ishandiswe pahutanda uye muropa plasma, ropa rose, kana serumisi. Multispot inosanganisira test cartridge uye reagents shanu: The cartridge ine membrane iyo microparticles yakasimbiswa mumativi mana; vaviri vane HIV-1 test spots; imwe yeHIV-2 test spot; uye imwe nzvimbo yekutonga kuti uone kuti muenzaniso wacho wakakwana.
Chiyero chinonzi chakanaka nokuda kweHIV-1 kana nzvimbo yekudzivirira uye imwe kana iyo yose yeHIV-1 mavara yakachinja, uye yakanaka kune HIV-2 kana kutarisa uye HIV-2 mavara kuonekwa. Kana ruvara rwepepuru ruchioneka munzvimbo yekudzivirira, nzvimbo yeHIV-2, uye imwe kana kuti maviri eHIV-1 nzvimbo, kuongororwa kunoonekwa sehutachiwana hweHIV (zvisinafferentiated). Muchiitiko ichi, shanduro inogona kuongororwa nedzimwe nzira dzinobvumira kusiyanisa pakati peHIV-1 neHIV-2. Muedzo wacho hauna kunaka apo chete nzvimbo yekutonga inooneka. Kusavapo kwenzvimbo yekudzora kunoratidza chibereko chisina kumira, pasinei nedzimwe nzvimbo iyo.
Miedzo Yenhema Isingaiti Inowanikwa
Imwe dambudziko nekukurumidza kuongororwa kweHIV ndezvekuitika kwezvakaipa zvenhema uye dzakaipa . Kunyange zvazvo zvitsva zvitsva zvitsva zvakagadziriswa pamigumisiro yakaipa yenhema, pane zvimwe zvinonetseka pamusoro pechiratidzo chemukati cheimba yeOraQuick kuedza nokukurumidza I ( inofanirwa ).
Maererano nemigumisiro yePekutanga III kutongwa kwevanhu, vakawanda seimwe chete kubva pa12 OraQuick mu-mimwe miedzo yakadzoka mhinduro yakaipa, nekuda kwechikamu chekunzwa kwepasi kwechigadzirwa. Miedzo inogonawo kurasikirwa nehutachiona kana yakaitwa panguva inonzi inonzi window , apo mazinga ezvirwere zvakanyanya kuderera kuti aonekwe zvakajeka. Kushandisa zvisina kunaka zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa sechinhu chinogona kufunganya.
Pasinei neizvi, mapoka ekurudzira anokwikwidza kuti miedzo yakaita seyi inoisa simba rekudzoka kune mavoko evanhu, kupa hukuru hwekuzvimirira nekuvanzika.
Somugumisiro, mabhii muU.S. ari kutenderera zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwekubatanidza antigen / antibody test (iko kusanganisira Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Combo ) iyo inongowedzera kukonzera nguva yewindo asi, pane dzimwe nguva, inowedzera mukana we mhinduro yakarurama munguva yepakutanga (acute) danho rehutachiona .
Sources:
Pant Pai, N .; Balram, B ;; Shivkumar, S .; et al. "Musoro-ku-musoro kufananidzwa kwehutano hwekurumidza kukurumidza-yeku-kutarisana neHIV nehutano nehuwandu-neropa rekuenzanisa: kuongorora kwakarongeka uye kuongorora meta." The Lancet Infectious Diseases. January 24, 2012; 12 (5): 373-380.
Pilcher, C .; Louie, B .; Facente, S ;; et al. "Kuitwa kweRaidid Point-of-Care uye Kuedza kweBarabara kweAkaona uye Yakagadzirwa neHIV muSan Francisco." PLOS | Poshi. December 12, 2013; DOI: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0080629.
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "Kutanga Kukurumidza Kumba-Shandisa HIV Kit Yakagamuchirwa Kuti Uzviongorore." FDA Information Consumer Health Information. Silver Spring, MD; July 2012. Nyaya: UCM311690