Pasinei neHurumende Hukuru hwekuziva, Nhema dzisina kururama dzinoshungurudza
Muna Gumiguru 2012, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakagamuchirwa kuOraQuick In-Home Test Test , kupa vashandi vane yekutanga, kupfuura-in-counter-oral-oral kuongororwa kwe HIV kunokwanisa kupa mhinduro yakavanzika mumaminitsi makumi maviri. Mvumo yeDAA yakagamuchirwa nemasangano akawanda emagariro evanhu, ayo ave achitsanangura kwenguva yakareba kubatsira kwekugara-kwemazuva apo 20 muzana yemamiriyoni maviri evaAmerica vane utachiona hweHIV havana kunyatsoziva zvavari.
Mukuru pakati pezvakaitwa mukutsigira kuongorora kwemukati:
- Makiriniki akawanda ehurumende muUnited States haatombogadziri kana kuvharidzirwa, zvichiita avo vanogona kana vanoda kuongororwa kuti varambe vari kure. Kuongorora-musha kunogona kukunda dambudziko iri, kupa avo vari pangozi nehukuru hwekuzvidzivirira, kutonga uye kuvanzika .
- Mukubvumirana kwavo kwechigadzirwa, FDA yakataura kuti kuongorora kwekumba "kuchapa mari yakajeka ... nekubatsira vakawanda vane utachiona kuti vazive nezvehutachiona hweHIV uye nokudaro vachideredza kutapurirwa kweHIV."
- Inotora maawa 24 nevashandi vakarovedzwa ichabatsira kuti chigadzirwa chishandiswe zvakanaka; kuti vashandisi vanzwisise kuperevedza kwekuedzwa (kusanganisira iyo inonzi inonzi window ), uye kuti avo vanogamuchira mhinduro yakanaka vanotumirwa kune kliniki kana kuti hofisi iri pedyo.
Kubva munaSeptember 2013, vashandi veOraQuick vakati "vanhu vanopfuura 200 000 zvino vanoziva nharaunda yavo yeHIV" sechikonzero chechigadzirwa, pamwe nevashambadzi vepanhau vachifanotaura nezvekugadziriswa kwekutengesa sezvo kuwedzera kwevatengi kuwedzera.
Asi pasinei nekuonekwa kwezvakanaka zvekuedzwa, tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza kushungurudza pamusoro pesarudzo-yepamba, kubvunzurudza chigadzirwa chaicho chechokwadi-nyika, pamwe chete nemigumisiro yaro kutarisira kurapwa uye maitiro ekuzviisa.
Ndezvipi Zvakarurama Mukati-HIV Inoidza?
Maererano nemushumo we FDA, OraQuick Rapid In-Home Test haisi chete yakachengeteka uye iri nyore kushandisa, asi inopa kunzwisisika uye zvakajeka zvinokwana 95% -shoma kudarika 99.3% uye 99.8% yakaratidzwa nehutu-ye- kuchengetedza makikisi anoshandiswa navanachiremba uye makiriniki.
Zvisinei, kusiyana kwepfungwa-yeku-kutarisa, in-home version inozivikanwa kuva nehuwandu hwenhema hwakapoteredza inenge 7%, zvichireva kuti chimwe chezvinhu gumi nezviviri zvichange zvichange chisina kukodzera "zviratidzo zvose zvakajeka." Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvisingarevi kuderedza kushanda kwechigadzirwa chacho, kunounza mubvunzo kuti kunyatso-kwenyika yakarurama yezviedzo zvakapiwa mukana wekushandisa zvisina kushandiswa uye / kana kuongorora nguva isati yasvika.
Chimwe chidzidzo chakaitwa muna 2013 neYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, San Francisco yakagumisa kuti chizvarwa chechina chiedza chekutsvaga zvakajeka seOraQuick chakakwanisa kunyatsoziva kuti 86% yezviitiko zveHIV, zvakanyanya kudarika izvo zvakaonekwa mumakiriniki epirini. Kunyanya pamusoro peizvo zvakadaro kwaive kuripo kwekuti chibereko chacho chaive ne 54% chete mukuratidza serostatus panguva yakaoma (yekutanga) yechirwere chetachiona .
Nehumwe huchapupu hunowedzera kuti kupindira panguva yehutachiona hwehutachiona kunogona kuderedza kukurudzirwa kwezvivako zviduku apo HIV inozivikanwa kuvanza (kana kuti "kuramba") kwemaakumi emakore, chido chekuedzwa nemadhigirii epamusoro ekunzwisisika chave chikonzero-kunyanya muchiedza yekudanidzira kwepasi rose nekurapa zvose mumusha uye pasi rose .
Kunyange zvazvo OraQuick yepurasitiki inowanzofananidzira vashandisi pamusoro pengozi yekuedzwa kwenguva isati yakwana, kusimbiswa kukuru kunofanira kuiswa pakuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa, panzvimbo pekuziva kwevatengi, kukurira kusakwana kwezvikwereti.
In-In-Home Testing Kuvandudza Kubatana Kwevarwere Kuchengetedza Here?
Kubva pamaonero emagariro, chimwe chezvinangwa chikuru zvekuongorora-musha ndiko kuwedzera nhamba yevarwere vanobatana nekuchengetedzwa kweHIV muUnited States Ndicho chinangwa chinokurudzira chakapiwa kuti 437 000 chete vevanhu 874 000 vekuAmerica vakawanikwa vane HIV vakagamuchira kurapwa, maererano nekutsvakurudza kwakabudiswa neU.S. Centers for Disease Control nekudzivirira.
Kunyange zvazvo tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzichiratidza kugamuchirwa kwevoruzhinji kwevanhu mu-kuongororwa kwemba, pane zvishoma zvedhiyo dhesi kuti uone kana varwere vari kuzvibatanidza kuti vaite basa semugumisiro wezviedzo izvi.
Kunyange zvazvo zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana muAfrica zvakaratidza kuwedzera kwekubatanidza mushure mekuongorora-kumba-nepamusoro pe 300% mune dzimwe mamiriro-aya akaitwa mushure mokunge vasati vaongororwa mazano ekupa mazano akaitwa neunyanzvi akadzidziswa.
Pasina urongwa hwakadaro hunoshandiswa muU.S., zvinogona kutarisirwa pano kana, kunyanya zvakajeka, zvichiita, zvinokonzera kusiyana here?
Vazhinji vanobvumirana kuti zvingava zvakaoma kunyatsoongorora zvakapiwa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzokuedza hazvirevi zvibereko zvekubatanidza kwekutarisira mushure mekuedzwa. Zvatinoziva, zvisinei, ndezvokuti kusabatsirwa kweHIV kusingabatsiri, mukati mega, kunopedzisira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha-kunyanya mukuderedzwa kwezviito zvepamusoro zvinowanikwa kune avo vanoedza kuipa.
Mune chidzidzo chaitungamirirwa neChishi University's Mailman School of Public Health, 5 000 nhamba dzakapiwa varwere vakagamuchira pepanhau rekupa ruzivo kana nguva pfupi yekupa mazano mushure mekuedza kwekukurumidza. Pashure pemwedzi gumi nembiri, varwere vakadzorerwazve. Alarmingly, 11.1% yeboka-rega chete-boka rakange rawana chirwere cheSDD , asi inenge nhamba yeiriyo yevarwere (12.3%) yakawana DHD mushure mokupa mazano mashoma. Zvakawanikwa zvaive zvakashandurwa mumakiriniki mapfumbamwe akashandiswa mushure mekufunga nezvezera remurwere, zvepabonde uye dzinza.
Kufanirwa kwekombiyuta neHIV / STD Purogiramu Yehutano Hwevanhu, Seattle & King County vakatsigira izvi izvi, zvichiratidza kuti mu-kuongororwa kwemusha kunogona kuwedzera kupararira kweHIV pakati pevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) kubva kune imwe nheyo ye18,6 kusvika kune imwe 22.5% kusvika 27.5%.
Kunyange pasina chimwe cheizvi chinorehwa kuratidza kuti ku-kumba kwekuongororwa kweHIV kunoparadza zvirongwa zvehutano hwevanhu, zvinosimbisa kudikanwa kwekujekeswa kukuru kwezvibatsiro uye kukwana kwekuongorora kwe HIV mumba, zvose kumutengesi uye nevanoita mitemo yehutano.
Sources:
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The Wall Street Journal. "OraQuick (R) MuImba-HIV Test Test Inotanga Nheyo Yenhanho Yakarongwa -" Upenyu. Sezvatinozviziva. (TM) "Inokurudzira Kuongororwa kweHIV pakati peZvikwata Zvikwata." Nyaya yekubudiswa yakabudiswa musi waSeptember 30, 2013.
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