Mubvunzo: Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti HIV iende mberi kuAIDS?
Mhinduro: Muzvose kunze kwezvishoma zvisingaoneki, kana ikasiyiwa isingateereri, HIV inofambira mberi kusvika padanho rehutachiona tinonzi AIDS. Iyi ndiyo apo kudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira kwezvirwere kwakakanganiswa, uye muviri haukwanise kudziviririra pachako kune zvirwere zvinogona kutyisa upenyu.
Kazhinji, nguva inotora kubva kuHIV hutachiwana hweAIDS inotanga makore mashanu kusvika ku10 kana pasina kupindira mune zvekurapa kunoitwa.
Kusiyanisa munguva kunogona kuva nekuda kwenhamba ipi zvayo, kusanganisira:
- Ihwo hutachiona hweHIV munhu anenge atapukirwa (zvimwe zvingangove zvisinganyanyi kuwedzera kupfuura vamwe )
- Utano huzhinji hwomunhu
- Nzvimbo iyo munhu anorarama (kusanganisira kuwana hutano hwehutano, hutachiwana hwezvirwere kana zvirwere)
- Munhu ane genetics kana nhoroondo yemhuri
- Kusvuta uye mamwe mararamiro emararamiro aunosarudza
Izvi ndezvechokwadi, kana munhu wacho asingagamuchiri kurapwa. Mufananidzo wacho unochinja zvachose kana iye achiita.
Kubva muna 1996, kuiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwakachinja zvakanyanya kufambira mberi kwehutachiona hweHIV. Kunyange zvazvo HIV isingagoni kuporeswa, vanhu vatsva vaongororwa vane HIV vanotapwa uye vanogara mukutarisirwa vanotarisirwa kuti vave pedyo-zvakasvibirira kune zvido zveupenyu hupenyu. Sezvimwe nezvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi, kukurumidza kutanga ndicho chinhu chinokosha pakuziva nekurapa chirwere ichi nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Kunzwisisa Matanho eHIV Infection
Zvikamu zvehutachiona kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu zvinopesana zvishoma, zvose zvakasimba uye nekukurumidza kwekufambira mberi. Iyi nhanho inoronga kupera kwemasero emumunodzi (anonzi CD4 T-cells ) sezvo kudzivirirwa kwemuviri kunowedzera uye kunowedzera kuora mwoyo. Nekufamba kwega kwega, njodzi yezvirwere zvinopfurikidza (OI) inowedzera kusvikira maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinonzi anokanganisa zvachose.
Pari pacho chiitiko kuti njodzi yekurwara uye rufu inonyanya kukwirira.
Zvikamu zvehutachiona zvinogona kuenzanisirwa sezvinotevera:
- Utachiona hwehutachiwana - danho apo muviri unorwisana nehutachiona hutsva, kazhinji zvichiita kuti zviratidzo, zvinokonzera kupisa zvinonzi acute retrovirus syndrome (kana ARS) .
- Utachiona hweHIV - mushure mokunge utachiona hwekutanga hwave huchitungamirirwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona, hutachiona hunovanda mumagetsi emagetsi , husingazivikanwi nemaviri ekuchengetedzwa kwezvirwere. Ichi chisingatauriki (kana chidimbu) chetachiona chinogona kupera kwemakore uye kunyange makumi emakore mune vamwe vanhu kusvikira panguva yakadai sevhavha yakavanzwa inogadziriswa (kakawanda apo masimba ezvirwere zvezvirwere anonyatsogadziriswa uye gare gare-danho reII rinowedzera).
- AIDS - nharaunda inonyatsorongedzerwa seine HIV-defining condition kana CD4 count yepasi pe200 cells / mL.
IAIDS kuongororwa hazvirevi kuti munhu wacho acharwara kana kufa, kunyange zvazvo mukana weiyo wakakosha kupfuura kare.
Izvo hazvirevi kuti munhu anogona kugadzirisa kune hurumende iyo iye haasisina AIDS pane imwe. Kunyange kana munhu ane CD4 count iri pasi pe100 masero / mL, kutanga kwema antiretroviral mishonga kunogona kugadzirisa zvirwere zvekudzivirira muviri, dzimwe nguva kusvika kumazinga anotaridzirwa pedyo-yakasvibirira kusvika kune chaiwo.
Zvisinei, mukana wekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvekudzivirira muviri kunoderedza hurefu hwomunhu ari kumirira. Saka, zvinokosha, kuti kurapa kunopiwa panguva yekufungidzirwa, pasinei neCD4 count, uye kuti munhu wacho anoramba achibatana nekurapa kwemazuva ehupenyu hwake.
Sources:
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "1993 Revised Classification System yeHIV Infection uye Yakawedzerwa Kuongororwa Nyaya Tsanangudzo yeAIDS Pakati Pevana Vechidiki Nevakuru." Kufa uye Kutadza Vhiki Yevhiki. December 18, 1992; 41 (RR-17).
Djawe, K .; Buchacz, K .; Hsu, L., et al. "Kufa Njodzi Mushure meAIDS-Kurondedzera Kurwara Kunoonekwa Kune Vane HIV-Vakagadzirirwa-San Francisco, 1981-2012." Journal of Infectious Diseases. June 3, 2015; 212 (9): 1366-1375.