Mumakore achangopfuura masayendisiti akambomutsa kuti kana vana vachidya shuga yakawandisa, zvinogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwakawanda kudarika matanda . Isu tinoziva kuti kudya kwekudya zvakanyanya kunobatanidza nehutachiona , kushushikana kweropa , chirwere cheshuga , kuneta, uye kuwedzerwa kwengozi yehutano hwepfungwa .
Kunyange zvazvo matambudziko anokonzerwa neshuga yekudya anokanganisa munhu wose, ivo zvikurukuru pamusoro pevana.
Zvokudya zvizhinji zvinowanikwa kune vana zvinoratidzika kunge zvakatakurwa neshuga yakawedzerwa, uye inoshandiswa zuva rega rega kushandiswa kwega shuga inoshamisa mune zvevana. Iko zvino yava kutenda kuti shuga inoshandiswa chinokonzera kukonzera vana, uye inogona kunge yakatarisa chikamu chinotyisa chechirwere cheshuga chechipiri chatinoona mazuva ano muvechiri kuyaruka uye vaduku vakuru. (Pasina nguva refu rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga rwakanga rusingaoneki musati rwava pakati pemakore.)
Tichifunga nezvekuwedzera kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano huri muhucheche uye vechidiki vakuru, nyanzvi dziri kunyevera kuti tiri kutarisana nechirwere chemarara epfungwa asati asvika munguva pfupi. Wakawedzera shuga muzvokudya zvevana vana pasina mubvunzo vari kutamba basa guru pano.
American Heart Association Zvirongwa
MunaAugust 2016, imwe nyanzvi yemasangano yakasarudzwa neAmerican Heart Association (AHA) yakabudisa mushumo wesayenzi unoti "Added Sugars uye Mwoyo Yehutano Dambudziko muvana." Dare rakarongedza ruzivo rwechokwadi rwezvesayenzi pamusoro pemigumisiro yekuwedzera shuga muvana, uye yakaitwa zvakasimba mazano pamusoro pekuti shuga yakawedzerwa yakawanda inogona kudyiwa sei nevana vasina kuwedzera kuwedzera moyo yavo yeropa.
Zvavakawana zvinofanira kunge zvichiita kuti vabereki vakawanda vasafunga.
IAHA yezvesayenzi inorayira kuti hapana kuwedzerwa shuga zvachose kune vana vasati vava nemakore maviri. Kune vana vari vaviri kana kupfuura, yakawedzerwa shuga inofanira kuva yakaderera kusvika pasi pe25g pazuva (anenge maaspuni matanhatu kana zana zana pazuva). Izvi zvinongororwa zvakashata zvisingasviki chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzvitatu zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwekuwedzerwa kwemashuga anowanikwa nevana nhasi.
Zvichipiwa zvokudya izvo vabereki vari kumadzinza ekumadokero vanowanzogovera vana vavo, kutevera mazano aya achatora zvimwe zvigadziriswe. Ngatitarisei izvo AHA zvinoreva kuburikidza ne "kuwedzera shuga," nei boka reAHA rakagumisa kuti kuwedzerwa shuga kwakaipa kuvana, uye ndezvipi zvekudya zvatinofanira kudzivisa pakupa vana vedu zvokudya zvinovaka.
Zvaunofanira Kuziva Pamusoro peSirasi
Aina dzeShuga. "Sukari" ndiro izwi rinoshandiswa kuratidza marudzi akasiyana-siyana eatapira, mahedheni ane mahedheni ehedheni. Izvo zvinosuruga, kana kuti monosaccharides, zvinosanganisira glucose (inonziwo dextrose), fructose, uye galactose. Muchidimbu chemashuga, anonzi disaccharides, mashuga maviri mashoma anoungana pamwechete. Tafura yehuga (kubva muraga kana shuga yebeet) ndiyo disaccharide sucrose, inosanganisira glucose uye fructose yakabatana pamwe chete. Lactose (inowanikwa mumukaka) ishuga uye galactose.
Kubva kuma1970 yakakwirira fructose sirasi yegorosi yakanyanyisa kubvisa mamwe marudzi eeshuga anoshandiswa mukudya zvakagadziriswa, nokuti hazvina kudhura kugadzira. High fructose corn syrup isembe yakagadzika iyo yakashandurwa kuti ishandise zvimwe zveglucose yayo kune fructose. Fructose ndiyo inonakidza monosaccharide, saka inokosha mukugadzirwa kwezvokudya. Nepo vakawanda vakataura kuti firtose yakakura yehusi yehusi yakaipa kune hutano kupfuura mamwe marudzi ehutu akawedzerwa, chinangwa chinopupurira kuti ichi ndicho chikonzero chinoshaikwa.
Zvose zviri kumusoro fructose chimedu sirasi uye gorofu shuga, somuenzaniso, ine zvose glucose uye fructose, uye zvizhinji zveumwe neumwe.
Yakawedzerwa shuga inotsanangurwa semhando dzose dzeshuga dzakawedzerwa sezvivako zvekugadziriswa nekugadzirwa kwezvokudya, uye shuga yakawedzerwa kune zvokudya patafura.
Sweshu zvinowanzoitika ndezvokuti sirasi inowanzoitika sezvakagadzirwa zvezvokudya, zvakadai seshuga inowanikwa mumichero, miriwo, nemichero yekura. Apo patinodya shuga dzinowanzoitika, tiri kuwanawo zvakawanda zvezvibereko zvinodiwa muupenyu. Wakawedzera shuga, zvakasiyana, zvinongowedzera makoriki (kana kuti "zvisina chinhu" makoriri), izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvokudya zvive zvinonaka, asi hazvipi humwe huwandu hwomutengo.
Sweshu dzinowanzoitika zvinoshandiswa sechikamu chekudya kwakakwana kwehutano; akawedzerwa shuga haana zvakakwana kubva pakufungidzira. IAHA zvinyorwa zvesayenzi saka zvinowedzera shuga chete.
Chii Chinoitika Kana Tadya Zvokudya?
Dzaaccharides dzakaputsika mumatumbi kune zvinyorwa zvavo zvinonzi monosaccharide-kazhinji kuisa glucose uye fructose. Mushure mekunyanyisa glucose uye fructose zvinotakurwa kuchiropa nechivanze chekuparidzira. Glucose iri mumasipirari anoshambadza inoita kuti insulini ivhare, iyo inokonzera kuti glucose inotorwa nemasuru uye mafuta, uye inowedzera fatty acid inogadzirwa mumafuta masero. Kusiyana neizvi, fructose haina kukurudzira kuvharidzira kwekuchengetedzeka kwemuviri kune imwechete. Pane kudaro, fructose muropa anokonzera kubudisa mafuta akazara acids .
Mamwe masayendisiti akambotaura kuti kunyange kuwedzera kweglucose kushandiswa kunounza kuwandisa, kuwedzera kwefructose kushandiswa kunoita kuti pave nemwero mukuru we atherosclerosis . Zvisinei, panguva ino kusiyana kukuru mune zvinorehwa kudya glucose vs. fructose inonyanya kufungidzira. Uyezve, kubva pane maonero chaiwo, patinodya kudya kwemashoko ekumadokero nehuwandu hwehuga hwakawedzerwa, isu tiri kuwana zvakawanda zvezvinhu zviviri izvi zvinonzi monosaccharides.
Ndeipi Migumisiro yeShuga Yakawedzerwa muvana?
Wakawedzera shuga muzvokudya ane nhamba inoshamisa yemigumisiro yakaipa, kunyanya muvana. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kuwedzera muviri. Kuwedzerwa kushandiswa kwemashuga akawedzerwa kwakanyatsobatanidzwa nekuwedzerwa kwevana vezera rose. Kutanga kushandiswa kweshuga yakawedzerwa (makore maviri asati asvika) inoita sechinhu chakaipa kwazvo, uye inofanotaura zvakasimba kuderedza kana makore matanhatu.
- High blood pressure . Zvidzidzo zveEpidemiological zvakasimba zvinoratidza kuti kushandiswa kweshuga yakawedzerwa kunobatanidza nehuwandu hwehutano muvana vaduku. Mishonga yemakiriniki yakaratidza kuti, kunyanya, fructose inestion yakawandisa inobatanidza nekuwedzerwa kweropa mukati mevana nevakuru vechidiki.
- Dambudziko rekudzivirira ropa. Tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti vana vanodya zvakawanda zvemashuga akawedzerwa vanowanzove vakakwirira mazinga e-triglyceride , uye vakaderedza HDL cholesterol mazinga ("akanaka" cholesterol). Nenzira, iyi ndiyo imwecheteyo yechirwere chisingaoneki chinonyanya kuzivikanwa mumashure. Uyezve, iyo muenzaniso inowanzosangana nediki, dense LDL cholesterol particles . Iyi "inotyisa" muenzaniso weDyslipidemia yakabatanidzwa zvakasimba nehuwandu hwehutachiona hweHatrosclerosis.
- Pre-diabetes uye rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga. Iyo yakawanda inotendwa nenyanzvi kuti kupfurikidza kwehuga kushandiswa muvana kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yehutachiona hwemashuga uye chirwere cheshuga chechirwere cheshuga, kubva pakutanga kwekuyaruka. Zvidzidzo zvekucherechedza zvakaratidza kuti muvana vari kunyanya kuwandisa, kupisa kuwedzerwa shuga kunobatanidza ne insulin kudzivisa (iyo inokonzera chirwere cheshuga uye chirwere cheshuga chechipiri).
Izvo zvakakwana huchapupu hunoratidza kuti izvi zvakaipa zvinokonzerwa neshuga yakawedzerwa "zvakabatana nehana." Icho, iyo yakakwirira chikamu chemakori ezuva ese anobva kuwedzerwa shuga, inowedzera hutano hwehutano.
Ndezvipi Zvokudya Zvinofanira Kudziviswa?
IAHA yezvesayenzi yakaita kuti zvive pachena kuti, mumamiriro ezvinhu, ikozvino kumadokero kwekudya, iyo inonyanya kukosha yekuwedzerwa shuga muvana "shuga-inonaka," kana SSBs. SSB dzinosanganisira sodas, zvinwiwa zvezvibereko, zvinwiwa zvemitambo, uye zvinwiwa zvezvinodhaka. Apo idzi zvinwiwa zvinongororwa nenyanzvi dzezvokudya, dzinowanikwa dzine mvura chete uye shuga-uye kuputika kwemamwe makemikari anopa kunhu uye mavara.
SSBs ndiyo chiratidzo che "isina makirori," uye nokuti iyo makori inopiwa nehuwandu hweshuga uye fructose, inosanganisira zvose zvinokanganisa zvataona. Zvakaipisisa, kune uchapupu hwokuti kana kuwedzerwa shuga kunobva kune zvinodhaka kusingapesana nezvokudya zvakasimba, pane kuderera kuduku--kuti kunyange makoriri asina chinhu anopedzwa.
Vana vazhinji vanowana chikamu chinoshamisa chemazuva ose ekudya kwe-SSBs. Kana ruzivo rweAHA rusingatauri chimwe chinhu, rinomanikidzira kuti vabereki vanofanira kuvhara zvakanyanya, uye zvichida kubvisa, maSBB kubva kune kudya kwevana vavo.
Mukuwedzera kune SSB, zvokudya zvakagadziridzwa umo "shuga" kana ((zvakanyanya kuwedzerwa) high-fructose hurasi yezviyo inonyanya kuiswa pane mavara ekudya anofanira kudziviswa. Mafuta, gamu, makeke, makiki, zvakawanda zvekudya zvekudya zvokudya zvechingwa, zvingwa uye mufini zvinowanzowira munharaunda iyi.
Summary
Yakawedzera shuga, chikamu chakakurumbira chekudya kwemazuva ano, kusawedzera kukosha kwezvokudya zvevana vedu, asi zvinogona kupa zvakasimba pamatambudziko avo okuva nekurwadziwa kwepfungwa nekurova.
Sevabereki, iyo tariro yedu yakasimba iyo, patinenge tachembera uye teteerera, vana vedu-makumi mana makumi mana-mana vachatipa humwe hunyararo hwevanhu huchaita kuti urema hwekukwegura huwedzere kutakura. Isu hatisi kuronga kuwana tsvina-kuti tichabvunzwa kuchengetedza vana vedu-makumi mana mushure mekunge vakagadziriswa zvachose nekufungira nguva isati yasvika yemwoyo. Kana tichida kudzivisa chiitiko ichi chisingafadzi, tinoda kudzidzisa vana vedu zvakanaka tsika dzekudya ikozvino.
Kuti tibatsire vana vedu kurega kuneta, kuwedzera kwehutachiona, kusawirirana kweputi, chirwere cheshuga, uye chirwere chepfungwa chisati chasvika, tinoda kuve nechokwadi kuti vanobvisa shuga dzakawanda dzakawedzerwa kubva pazvokudya zvavo, kunyanya zvinotapira-zvinonwiwa zvinwiwa. Nzira yakanakisisa yekuita izvi ndeyekutora maitiro ehupenyu hwemhuri yose, uye kugadzirisa kudikanwa kwehupenyu hwevanhu vose-kusanganisira kudya kwemoyo-kune utano hwemhuri yose.
> Kwakabva:
> Vos MB, Kaar JL, Welsh JA, et al. Yakawedzera Sugars uye Mwoyo WeAIDS Dambudziko muvana-Scientific Statement Kubva kuAmerican Heart Association. Kurwisana 2016; Vol. 134, Nyaya 8. Yakabudiswa paIndaneti pa: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2016/08/22/CIR.0000000000000439 (August 25, 2016).