Kurapa Kushanda Kwakawandisa Kana Kushanda Kwakaitwa Gyroid Gland
Kune mishonga yakawanda yehutori inoshandiswa mu endocrinology , iyo yehutano inoshandiswa inobata zvirwere zvezvipembenene nemahomoni. Zvinodhaka zvinogona kuparadzaniswa zvachose nemamiriro ezvinhu ayo airehwa kurapa, kureva:
- Hypothyroidism , umo chirwere chetachiona hachikwanisi kutora hormone yakakwana yehutano
- Hyperthyroidism , umo chirwere chetachiona chinowedzera hormone yakawanda yehutori
Utachiona hweganda iri nhengo yeguruve rinenge rakagadzirirwa iri pasi pehuro pamberi pepombi. Basa rehutano hwetachiona nderekubudisa mahomoni thyroxine (T4) uye triiodothyronine (T3) inodzora zvinhu zvose zvichibva pamhepo yepamusoro uye kutonhorera kwemuviri kusvika kumapfupa ekudzivirira uye mukadzi kuenda kumwedzi. Chero kusakanganiswa kwekugadzirwa kweT3 kanaT4 kunogona kuguma zviratidzo zvinoshandisa imwe kana zvimwe zvirongwa zvegunhi uye zvinotarisana zvakasimba kubva pakuderera kusvika pakuipisa.
Chirwere chepurojeni, nenzira yakasiyana, ndicho chikonzero chechina chinowanzokonzera kenza muU.S., ichikanganisa vanhu vanopfuura 55 000 veAmerica uye ichikonzera kufa kwevanhu 2 000 gore negore, maererano neshumo inobva kuAmerican Cancer Society.
Zvinodhaka Zvinoshandiswa Kuita Hypothyroidism
Utachiona hormone kushandiswa zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa kurapa hypothyroidism. Vanoshanda kuburikidza nekushandura mahomoni ayo chirwere chetachiona hachikwanise kubereka kana kana utachiona hwave huchirambidzwa nehutachiona kana kuputirwa chirwere.
Hypothyroidism inogona kukonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akawanda kusanganisira iodine inoshaya, chirwere cheHashimoto (an autoimmune disorder), kanonzi therapy, kana kuti kubviswa zvishoma kana zvakakwana kwehutachiona hwehutachiona ( thyroidectomy ). Inogonawo kuva mugumisiro wepenital disorder umo chirwere chetroroid hachibatsire sezvazvakakodzera.
Mimwe yemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa hypothyroidism inosanganisira:
- Cytomel (liothyronine) ishanduro yeT3
- Levothyroxine , iyo yakagadzirwa neT4 inotengeswa pasi pezita rezita rokuti Synthroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, uye Tirosint
- Zvisikwa zvakasvibiswa zvehutano zvakagadzirwa kubva kuhutachiona hwehave yehave
Zvinodhaka Zvinoshandiswa Kubata Hyperthyroidism
Anti-thyroid drugs inoshandiswa kurapa hyperthyroidism. Vanoshanda nekudzivirira utachiona hwekotori kubva pakunwa iodine inofanira kuita mahomoni ehutori.
Hyperthyroidism inogona kukonzerwa nechirwere cheGrave (chimwe chimiro chekudzivirira kwega autoimmune disorder), chisingaiti chetachiona chinokonzera chirwere chetachiona , chirwere chetachiona ( thyroiditis ), uye chirwere chepituitary chisina kunaka (chinoshanda pamwe chete nejeri yekanda ). Uyezve, chikamu chechirwere cheHashimoto chinogona kukonzera hyperthyroidism nenzira imwechete iyo inokonzera hypothyroidism.
Ikozvino pane mishonga mbiri yakabvumidzwa kuti ishandiswe mukurapa hypothyroidism muUnited States:
- Tapazole (methimazole)
- Propylthiouracil , inonyanya kuchengetwa kurapa chirwere chetachiona
Zvinodhaka Zvinoshandiswa Kurapa Kanji Kanzira
Mukuwedzera pakurapa kusaenzana kwehomoni, pane zvimwe zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa kurapa kenza yekameti. Kune mhando ina dzakasiyana dzekenza yekodhi , dzimwe dzese dzinoporesa kupfuura dzimwe.
Mishonga inosvika inopesana asi inoshandisa kushandisa dzakafanana zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa kune dzimwe kenza, kusanganisira:
- Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride)
- Caprelsa (vandetanib)
- Cometriq (cabozantinib-S-malate)
- Lenvima (lenvatinib mesylate)
- Nexavar (sorafenib tosylate)
Imwe mishonga inozivikanwa se Thyrogen (thyrotropin alfa) inoshandiswa kune vanhu vane kenza yekemikari musati yasvika re radioactive iodine ablation . Inoshandiswawo kune avo vanorapwa nekenza kare vasati vachitevera kuongorora. Sekuita maitiro e -thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , Thyrogen inogona kuve yakarurama yakakwana-muviri kupenya pasina kukonzera hypothyroidism.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. "Zvikamu Zvikuru zveKenza yeKeroid." Atlanta, Georgia; yakarongedzwa naJanuary 6, 2017.
> Ross, D .; Burch, H ;; Cooper, D. et al. "2016 American Thyroid Association Mirayiridzo yeKutsvaga uye Kutungamirirwa kweHyperthyroidism nezvimwe Zvikonzero zve Thyrotoxicosis." THYROID . 2016; 26 (10): 1343-421. DOI: 10.1089 / thy.2016.0229.
> McAninch, E. uye Bianco, A. "The History and Future Treatment of Hypothyroidism." Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (1): 50-56. DOI: 10.7326 / M15-1799.
> National Cancer Institute: National Institutes of Health. "Zvinodhaka Zvinogamuchirwa neChroid Cancer." Bethesda, Maryland; yakarongwa musi wa12, 2015.