Nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa utachiona-induced asthma ndiko kudzivirira
Inofungidzirwa makumi mana kubva muzana yehutachiona hwekusimudzira mweya muvanhu vakuru dzinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mavairasi, akadai seaya anogona kukonzera hutano huri nani kana chirwere, zvinogona kutungamirira mukukura kana kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zvechirwere.
Ma Virusi Anokonzera Sei Nechirwere Chepfungwa?
Kune nzira mbiri mavharusi anogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvechirwere:
- Rudzi rwekutanga rwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hunobata hutano hunokanganisa vanhu vasina nhoroondo yehutema, asi ndiani anoita zviratidzo zvechirwere (somuenzaniso, chifukidziro uye kuruya ) chinotanga mushure mekurwara kwehutachiona.
- Chipiri chechirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona chinokanganisa vana nevakuru vanenge vagara vachitsvaga mweya. Mune mamwe mazwi, chirwere chetachiona chinoderedza zviratidzo zvadzo zvechirwere.
Zvinokonzerwa neViral-Induced Asthma
Mishonga yakawanda inogona kupiwa mhosva yekukonzera chirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona. Mienzaniso miviri yakajairika ndeye rhinovirus inokonzera fodya yakawanda, uye furuwenza A inokonzera chirwere. Izvi zvinowanikwa kakawanda zvinokonzera bronchospasm (kupfupika kwemhepo) uye chirwere cheputi.
Imwe hutachiona yakabatanidzwa nechirwere ndeyekuporesa syncytial virus (RSV), iyo inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvekuporesa kuvanhu vakuru nevana. Muvana, mabhuku eRVV anogona kukonzera kufamba, kunyanya muvana vari pasi pemakore maviri, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kuchipatara uye kunyange rufu mune zvisingawanzoitika. Iko kukura kwekunzwa kutenderera kwemhepo kune vana kunokonzerwa neRVV dzimwe nguva kunogara kwenguva refu mushure mokunge utachiona hwave hwagadziriswa.
Muvanhu vakuru, RSV inogona kukonzera magumbo uye kubudisa zviratidzo zvechirwere kune avo vanotova nechirwere cheputi, uye kune vanhu vasina nhoroondo yehumu.
Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti, kusiyana nevana, kufamba kwemhepo kune vanhu vakuru kazhinji kazhinji kunodzokera kune yakakurumbira nokukurumidza, kunyange zvazvo zvichitora mwedzi mishomanana.
Zvinonakidza kucherechedza kuti nekuti maitiro ehutachiwana aya anowanzoonekwa pane dzimwe nguva dzegore, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hunowedzera kunyura uye hunopisa nemwaka.
Semuenzaniso, rhinovirus ine nguva yepamusoro pakupera kwekupedzisira uye furuwenza A mapeji munguva yechando. RSV inonyanya kuwanda mumwedzi yechando, ine nguva yepamusoro kubva munaJanuary kusvikira kuFebruary muNorthern Hemisphere.
Nei Zvirwere Zvinokonzera Chirwere
Kana uchitarisana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, muviri unotanga kupindura kwekuvhiringidza kurwisa nekudzivirira. Muchikamu chepamusoro chinoputika, zvakadai sezviya zvinopinda nekando kana chirwere, kupindura uku kunogona kukonzera kubhururuka kwemhepo uye kunokonzera kusvuta kwekukanya michina.
Kakawanda, hazvina kujeka kana zvirwere zvinokonzera mhepo yakadzika yepamhepo inokonzera zviratidzo zvechirwere zvakananga, kana kuti kupisa zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nemasero ane utachiona mumhepo yepamusoro zvino zvinokanganisa gwara rezasi.
Kuongororwa kweViral-Induced Asthma
Vanhu vazhinji vanoramba vachma vanogona kunzwisisa kana zviratidzo zvavo zviri kuwedzera. Zvisinei, iri pfungwa yakanaka kune vanhu vane astmma kuti vave nepamusoro pemvura inoyerera , izvo zviduku zvishoma zvaunopinza mukati kuti uone kuti mapapu ari kuita sei. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti zvinogona kuve nekuderera kukuru kwepamusoro-nhamba yenhamba dzenhamba (pasi pe80 muzana dzemazuva ose) pasina zviratidzo zvakafanana.
Chero ani anocherechedza kuderera kukuru kwepamusoro yenhamba dzekuyerera, kana zvichienzaniswa nemafambiro evanhu vanowanzoremberedzwa zuva rega rega, vanofanira kudana chiremba wavo mazano pamusoro pekuwedzera mishonga yekurapa kana kutsvaga kurapwa.
Chiremba anofanira kukwanisa kuongorora hutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiwana kune avo vasina hutano hwehutenda nekuteerera kumapapu. Chiremba anogonawo kuita mhino nehuro yeputi swab kana kutora sampu yeputum kuti aone kana hutachiwana huripo.
Vanachiremba vakawanda vane chikwata chekuyerera mumamita avo, iyo inogona kushandiswa kuongorora kugadziriswa kwemhepo. Kana munhu wacho asina kutarisa nhamba yake yepamusoro pamba, chiremba anogona kuenzanisa nhamba dzomurwere kune izvo zvaizofanotaurwa kune mumwe munhu wepabonde, wezera, nekukura.
Kudzivirira kweViral-Inoted Asthma
Parizvino, hapana mishonga inobatsira yekurapa mavhairusi anozivikanwa uye kudzivirira kuputika kwechirwere izvo zvinogona kumutsa.
Iyo yakanakisisa kurapwa ndiko kudzivirira, uye nzira ina dzakakosha dzokuita izvi dzinosanganisira:
- Kuwana chirwere chinoputika gore negore
- Kuramba maoko kushamba nesipo nemvura
- Kukanganisa kusangana nevanhu vane zviratidzo zvekupumha kwepamusoro
- Kudzivisa kugunzva maziso ako, mhino, kana muromo, iyo ndiyo mavharesi anoparadzirwa
Vamwe vana vari mumapoka ane ngozi (somuenzaniso, vacheche vakaberekwa vasati vasvika mavhiki makumi matatu nemaviri ekuberekwa kana vacheche vane chirwere chisingaperi chemapapu) zvino vakapiwa mishonga inodzivirira inonzi Synagis (palivizumab). Iyi mishonga inonzi anti-antibody inopesana neRVV uye yakaratidzwa kuderedza chiyero chezvipatara zvinowanikwa neRSV.
Chirwere cheViral-Inoped Asthma
Kurapa kwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiwana hunogona kuosanganisira bronchodilators (mishonga inozarura mhepo) zviratidzo zvinyoro uye steroid kune kurwisa kwakaoma kana kwenguva refu. Steroid inhalers yakaratidzwa kuva yakakosha mukurapa vanhu vakuru vasina astmma vane zviratidzo-sechirwere chepachima mushure mekutachiona kwehutachiona. Zvisinei, mukushayikwa kwehupenyu cheropi hwehutachiona, zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzoenda mumavhiki masere kana zvishoma. Nokuda kwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona, steroid yemuromo dzimwe nguva inogona kudiwa, kunyange kune vanhu vasina nhoroondo yehutema.
Shoko Rinobva
Vanhu vane astmma havakwanisi kutengesa zvirwere zvehutachiwana kune vamwe, asi vanowanikwa mhepo yakadzika midzi yepamhepo kubva kune hutachiona. Kuwana hutachiona hwekufema hazvirevi kuti iwe pachako uchava nechirwere chekushaya mweya. Kakawanda, zvinopfuura imwe chete zvinotungamirira kukurwisa-kufanana nehutachiona pamwe nekusununguka kwezvakatipoteredza zvakadai sekusvuta kana kuzarurirwa kune imwe nzvimbo.
Pakuguma, chinhu chakanakisisa chaungaita ndechekuita kuti hutano hwako huve nani. Shandisa maitiro ekubatanidza kudya zvinovaka muviri, kushandisa muviri, kuona chiremba wako wekugadzirira nguva dzose, kugara uchikwanisa kupora zvirwere zvako, kusasvuta, nekuchengeta kushungurudzika kwako.
> Sources:
> Flu uye Vanhu vane Asthma. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/asthma/index.htm.
> Kurai D, Saraya T, Ishii H, Takizawa H. Virus-Induced Exacerbations muAsthma neCOPD. Mitsva mu Microbiology . 2013; 4: 293. doi: 10.3389 / fmicb.2013.00293.
> Smith DK, Seales S, Budzik C. Kuporesa Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis muvana. Ndiye Chiremba weNzara. 2017 Jan 15; 95 (2): 94-99.