NdezveGenetics yekukwegura muchero weKenzazi here?
Masero ose ane chirongwa chinorongwa chinogadziriswa, iyo yakawanda, uye pakupedzisira inowanikwa apoptosis (cell cell death) iyo isisashandi.
Iyo inowanzobatsira kufunga nezvekupindurwa kwemajeri semashini yekare-mapikicha emakopi: kunyanya sendipi inopikira pachake, inonyanya kujeka uye isina kujekesa chifananidzo chinova. Nokufamba kwemazuva, mazita ekugadzirwa kwechitokisi ( DNA ) anotanga kuputsika uye sero pachayo inova ikopi yakajeka yepakutanga.
Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, chirongwa chechipinda chekufa chinobvumira sero idzva kutora uye kuchengetedza hurongwa hunoita.
Nhamba yenguva iyo sero inogona kugovera inosungirirwa nechiitiko chinonzi Hayflick chikamu. Izvi zvinotsanangura chiito icho nzira yekuparadzanisa (inozivikanwa sematosis) inopfuurira kuchenesa mararamiro, zvakananga chikamu cheDNA chinonzi telomere.
Muganhu weHayflick unoreva kuti masero evhagiyoni achaparadzanisa pakati pemakumi mashanu nemakumi manomwe asati apoptosis.
Kunzwisisa Telomeres
Chromosomes ndiwo matanho-akafanana nehutano ari mukati memusikisi weesero. Chromosome imwe neimwe inogadzirwa neprotheni uye imwechete molecule yeDNA.
Pamugumo mumwe nomumwe wekromosome ndiyo teremere iyo vanhu vanowanzofananidza nemapurisa epurasitiki pamigumo ye shoelace. Telomeres yakakosha nokuti inodzivirira ma kromosomes kubva pakusununguka, kusungirirana kune mumwe, kana kusanganisa mukati mechindori.
Nguva imwe neimwe sero rinoparadzanisa, DNA inopetwa kaviri inoparadzanisa kuitira kuti ruzivo rwema genetic runyore.
Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, DNA kunyorwa inodhindwa asi kwete telomere. Apo kopi yacho yakwana uye mitosis inotanga, nzvimbo iyo sero inoputirwa kunze ndeye telomere.
Sezvakadaro, nechinomwe chese chechizvarwa, tereomere inowedzera uye inopfupi kusvikira isingagoni kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwekromosome.
Ndiyo iyo apo apoptosis inoitika.
Telomeres 'Kufanana Nokukwegura uye Kanzera
Masayendisiti anogona kushandisa urefu hwetereomere kuti asarudze nguva yekero uye kuti yakawanda sei mhinduro dzasiiwa. Sezvo kuparadzanisa kwemashure kunonoka, kunopera kukurumidza kuenderera mberi kunozivikanwa senescence , iyo yatinowanzoreva sekukwegura . Cellular senescence inotsanangura chikonzero nei nhengo dzedu uye matukisi edu anotanga kuchinja sezvatinokura. Pakupedzisira, masero edu ose "anofa" uye anozviisa pasi pekushaya senescence .
Zvose, izvo, asi imwe chete. Cancers masero ndiyo imwe sero yerudzi iyo inogona kuonekwa se "isingafi." Kusiyana nemasero akajairika, kenza dzemasero hazvigoni kurongwa sero rinouraya asi rinogona kuramba dzichiwedzera risina mugumo.
Izvi, mukati uye pachezvayo, zvinokanganisa kukwana kwekupindurwa kwemasero mumuviri. Kana rumwe rutivi rwekamuri rwakabvumidzwa kupindura rusina kuvharwa, runogona kukonzera vamwe vose uye kuderedza hupenyu hwehupenyu hunoita. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika nekenza uye nei izvi "zvisingafi" masero anogona kukonzera zvirwere uye rufu.
Zvinotendwa kuti kenza inowanikwa nokuti genetic mutation inogona kukonzera kugadzirwa kwe enzyme, inozivikanwa seTeromerase , iyo inodzivirira tereomeres kuti irege kupfupika.
Kunyange zvazvo sero rimwe nerimwe mumuviri rine genetic coding kuti ribudise telomerase, mamwe masero chete anouda.
Sermon masero, somuenzaniso, inoda kuvhara tereomere kuderedza kuitira kuti vaite makopi anopfuura makumi mashanu avo; kana zvisina kudaro, pamuviri haungamboitiki.
Kana ruzivo rwemagetsi rusingatauri kutendeuka kwekuberekwa kwetelomerase, inogona kuita kuti masero asina kukwana awedzere uye aumbe matumbo. Zvinotendwa kuti sezvo tarisiro yeupenyu inoramba ichingokura, mikana yeizvi inoitika haizovi yakakura chete asi pakupedzisira ichadzivirirwa.
> Source;
> Arai, Y ;; Martin-Ruiz, C ;; Takayama, M. et al. "Kuzvimba, Asi Kwete Teremere Kureba, Anofanotaura Kubudirira Kukwegura paKuwedzerwa Kwakwegura: Kudzidza Kwenguva Yakareba Yevanhu Vasingakwanisi Kukurukura." e BioMedicine . 2015; 2 (10): 1549-48; DOI: 10.1016 / j.ebiom.2015.07.029 ..