Kutaura nezveMitemo Dilemma yeChirangaridzo Chine Mvumo yekushamwaridzana muDementia
Kana zvasvika pakudengenyeka kwepfungwa , kune hutano hwakawanda hutsika hunogona kukura semugumisiro wekuchinja kugona. Imwe yeiyo mubvunzo unogona kuita kuti vanhu vakura vemhuri vasakanganiswa nekuti inotaura nezvepabonde uye kushamwaridzana, asi inyaya inowanzodikanwa kugadzirisa. Mubvunzo ndeyu: Vanhu vane dementia vachiri kubvuma kuita zvepabonde here?
Uye, kana zvakadaro, pavanenge vasingakwanisi kudaro?
Dambudziko Rokusarudza Mvumo
Pane munhu ane dhementia anganzwisisa here chisarudzo chavari kuita uye zvinogona kuitika? Zviri pachena, mhinduro yacho haisi yeshoma nyore kana kwete.
Chinangwa mukukumbira, uye kuedza kupindura, mubvunzo wekugona kubvumirana ndeviri:
1. Kudzivisa kushungurudzwa kwepabonde kwevanhu vanotambura avo vangave vasingakwanisi kurwisana kana kuritaura
Nemhaka yezvinetso zvepamusoro uye zvinetso zvekutaurirana zvinogona kukura muhutano hwekuora mwoyo, zvakakosha kuchengetedza kusakanganiswa kweumwe munhu anenge achibatanidzwa mukuita zvepabonde maererano nekuda kwavo.
Vanhu vakuru, uye kunyanya avo vane zvinetso zvekuziva, ndezvimwe nyore kurwiswa kwemarudzi ose , kusanganisira zvepabonde.
Mutemo, munhu anofanira kunge ane simba rekufunga kubvuma kuita zvepabonde. Mubvunzo wekuti ungaziva sei kana chiremera ichocho chiripo ndicho chakaoma kupindura.
Pane imwe nzvimbo inokonzera chirwere chepfungwa chekuda kwemazuva apo izvi zvisingabvumirwi nemutemo uye unzenza?
2. Chengetedza kodzero dzevanhu vanotambura kuti vabatane, kuita zvepabonde zvinodiwa uye zvinokurudzira hupenyu hwehupenyu
Dhementia kutarisira yakauya nenzira yakareba mukubvuma kuti nekuda kwekuti chirwere cheAlzheimer (kana kuti rudzi rwakasiyana rwemagariro evanhu ) ruripo, kuda kwehukama hwepedyo hakubvisi zvachose.
Uyewo munhu haatomboregi kana kuti pakarepo kurasikirwa nekwanisi kubvuma kuita zvepabonde paanoongororwa.
Pane kudaro, tsvakurudzo yakaratidza zvizhinji zvakabatsiro zvekubata vanhu vane dhementi , uye vadzidzisi vezvemmentimenti vakatsigira kukosha kwehutano hwakanaka huri muhutano hwekuora mwoyo . Mamwe misha yekuyamwisa uye anobatsira zvivako zvekugara zvakanyora mitemo pakuziva kwepanyama, mupfungwa, mumweya, uye mune zvepabonde kune avo vari kutarisira.
Ndezvipi Zvinhu Zvinofanira Kufungwa MuMubvunzo Wekubvumirwa?
Kana vanhu vaviri-mumwe kana kuti vose vane dambudziko rekuora mwoyo-kuratidza kufarira mukutsvaka ukama hwepabonde kune umwe neumwe, mibvunzo ipi inofanira kubvunzwa? Kunyange zvazvo pasina ruzivo rwakakwana rwakagamuchirwa nenyanzvi, hezvino zvimwe zvikonzero zvingabatsira mubasa iri:
- Kuyeuka: Munhu mumwe nomumwe anotenderana here? Vanoziva here zita kana nzvimbo yekugara? Munhu mumwe chete anokanganisa kufunga kuti mumwe wake ndiye mudzimai wake kana asiri?
- Kufarira: Vose vari vaviri vanotsvakurudza nguva dzose here? Pane here kufarira kushamwaridzana kushamwaridzana uye ushamwari, kana kufarira kugonana kwepabonde?
- Kutaurirana kwemashoko uye kusingatauri kwemanzwiro: Ndezvipi zvinyorwa zvemashoko uye zvisingatauriki zvichiti? Paakabvunzwa, munhu mumwe nomumwe anotaura chido chokupedza nguva nemumwe here? Paunovaona vachibatana, vari vaviri vanobatana uye vanoita sevanofara? Vanokwanisa here kupindura mibvunzo pamusoro peukama hwavo uye kuratidzira chido chokuva noukama hwepedyo?
- Mikana yekuti "Kwete": Munhu mumwechete anoratidza zviratidzo zvekutambudzika, zvakadai sekuregererwa mupfungwa, kutya, kuchema, kuderedza kuda kwechido, kana kugadziriswa kwepanyama kubva pakubata? Vose vanhu vanokwanisa kutaura here kuti "Kwete" (nemashoko kana kuti kwete-kutaura) kubasa usina kukodzera zvepabonde? Munhu wese anokwanisa here kuratidza "kusvika kure" zvavanoshuvira kupfuurira nekubatana kwepabonde? Semuenzaniso, munhu mumwe chete anogutsikana nekutsvoda uye kubata, uye mumwewo achiedza kufambira mberi kune mamwe mabasa anofadza here?
- Kuvhiringidzika: Vaya vanobatanidzwa vanoita sei kushandiswa? Munhu mumwe nomumwe ane kodzero yekuzivisa kusakanganiswa kwemuviri kune mumwe munhu here? Munhu wacho anonyatsotsigirwa nemhuri here kana kuti ivo vari kure?
- Migumisiro yehupenyu hwehupenyu: Ihwo hukama hunoita sehunovandudza hupenyu hwevanhu vose here? Ihwo hukama hwakasimba hwekuzvipira pamwe chete kana ushamwari hutsva here?
Zvinokonzera Zvinhu
Pasi pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvinofanira kuonekwa zvakare:
Kusakwanisa Kupindira Mukurapa Zvisarudzo
Zvakadini kana mumwe munhu kana vose vaviri vakatotadza kusakwanisa kuita nharo mune zvechiremba, nokudaro kushandisa simba rewe gweta ? Izvozvo zvinowanzoita kuti vasakwanise kubvuma kuita zvepabonde here?
Kuziva, munhu angave asingakwanisi kunzwisisa zvakakwana zvinetso zvechiremba asi asi zvakadaro zvakajeka uye nguva dzose anokwanisa kuratidza kuti vanoda kuva mune ukama nemumwe. Mutemo, kukwanisa kubvuma kunofungidzirwa kunze kwekunge kuonekwa zvimwe.
Mhuri, Guardian, uye Healthcare Power of Attorney
Zvakadini kana nhengo dzemhuri, mutariri akachengetwa mudare kana simba rehutano hwemutemo anopesana nehukama?
Hazvisi zvisingazivikanwi kuti nhengo dzemhuri dzive nekunetseka kwakakosha uye kunonzwisisika pamusoro pekudzivirirwa kwemudiwa wavo mumuviri uye kukwanisa, kukwanisa kushandiswa, kunyadziswa iyo mubereki wavo ane hanya neukama hwepabonde, zvinokonzerwa nechitendero pamusoro pekuita kwevabereki vavo, uye chido chekuita kudzivirira chiremera chediwa wavo.
Vamwe vanyori vezvematongerwo enyika nevatsvakurudzi vanotsigira kudzivirirwa kwakakwana kwekodzero yehukama muhutano hwemagariro ezvo saka vanonzwa iine breech yega yega kuudza mhuri.
Vamwe vanosimbisa kuti kana munhu wacho achigara munzvimbo yekuchengetedza, nzvimbo yacho inotarisira kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vanogona kuwirirana muhukama. Nokudaro, mapato anosungirirwa anofanira kuudzwa nezvemamiriro ezvinhu kuitira kuti varambe vachikurukurirana pachena pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwayo, kunyanya kana iri hukama hutsva. Kukurukurirana uku kunogona kufungidzirwa sezvose zvakakosha uyewo kudzivirirwa kusingapindirwe mutemo kana iyo dare rinenge risina kubvumirana.
Imba yeHeberu paRwizidale (chivako chakakonzera nzira mukukurukura nyaya iyi) inoratidza kuidzidzisa nhengo dzemhuri pamusoro pezvinodikanwa zveavo vanogara uye vachirudzira kune vanogara kuchengetedza hupenyu hwehupenyu, zvichida kuburikidza nehukama hwepabonde, kuwedzera kune dzimwe avenues.
Kune zvivako, njodzi mumamiriro ezvinhu aya ndeyekuti nhengo dzemhuri dzinotya dzinogona kuisa mhosva kana kunyunyuta nedhipatimendi munharaunda iyo inotarisira kutevedza mumisha yevanamukoti kana vasingabvumirwi nekuti nzvimbo yacho inobata sei ukama. Panzvimbo pokuona ukama sechisarudzo chinovandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu, vangafunga kuti nzvimbo yacho yakundikana kuchengetedza munhu anotambura anogara uye inofanira kunge yakagadzirisa kushamwaridzana kana kudzivirira ukama hunoitika.
Nharo vs. Kusimbisa Ukama
Ihwo hukama hwakasimbiswa iyo vanhu vose vanozvidira nekutenda kusati kwavapo kutengesa kwemaitiro uye zvino varipo, kana kuti hukama hutsva here? Kazhinji, kuumbwa kwehukama usati hwavepo nekuvapo kwehutano hwemagariro kunoita kuti chisarudzo chisanyanya nyore-kwete nokuti kushungurudzwa hakugoni kuitika mukati memuchato (kana kuti hukama hwakasimbiswa)-asi nokuti chisarudzo chekuve neukama hwepabonde chakaitwa apo manzwisisiro ehupenyu hwemunhu akanga asina kupokana.
Apo hukama hutsva hunosimbiswa mushure mokunge dhementia iripo, mubvunzo wekuti, "Vangave vari kuita izvi kana vasina demoentia here?" inowanzobvunzwa. Kana kuti, "Akange asingadi kutevera ukama hwepedyo asati arasikirwa mupfungwa yake." Angadai akanyara. "
Kana iri hukama hutsva, zvakasarudzwa nemunhu zvakasarudzwa uye zvisarudzo zvinofanira kutorwa here? Nepo dzimwe nyanzvi dzichiratidza kuti zvisarudzo zvekare zvekare zvevanhu zvinofanira kuita zvisarudzo zvemazuva ano, vamwe vanotsigira kuongorora munhu maererano nekuziva izvo zvavanosarudza zvino, zvavanoda uye zvido zvavo, uye chii chinoita kuti vave nehupenyu hwavo hwezvino.
Kutsanangurwa kweKutevedza Kuteerera neHurumende kana Federal Federal Surveyors
Imwe yezvinetso mukupindura kune hukama uhwu kana ikaitika mumusha unotarisira vakwegura ndeyekuti vatsvakurudzi (avo avo vari mubasa rekuongorora kutevedza mitemo yehutano) vachatsanangura mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Pamusana pehutsika hwehutano hwehutsva hwekuongorora, vaviri vanoongorora vese vanogona kusvika kune zvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana zvakasiyana pamusoro pechiitiko chakafanana, mumwe nomumwe anofunga kuti ari kuita chinhu chakanaka mukudzivirira vagari uye nekukudza kodzero dzavo dzokusarudza.
Mumwe muongorori anogona kugumisa kuti nzvimbo yacho yakakundikana kudzivirira munhu anogara kubva pakunetswa kwepabonde zvichienderana nekusava kwehuchapupu hwokuti munhu anogara achigona kubvumirana, nokudaro achipedzisa uyo anogara achiitirwa zvepabonde. Mumwe muongorori angagumisa kuti nzvimbo yacho yakakundikana kuchengetedza kodzero yevakagarikana yekusarudza nekufadzwa nehupenyu hwehupenyu kuburikidza nekuchengetedza hukama hunofadza, hukama hwepedyo kana ukama hwave huchitsvakwa asi husingabvumirwi. Zvivako zvinowanzoiswa mumutambo wokufungidzira wekuti vanoongorora vanogona kududzira sei mamiriro ezvinhu.
Vamwe vanoratidza kuti kodzero yekuita zveukama hwepabonde inofanira kuchengetwa kunze kwekuti uchapupu huripo hunoratidza kuti hauna kubvumirana. Vamwe vanosimbisa kuti avo vanobatanidzwa vanoda kuratidza kuti vari kunyatsobvumirana nehukama, vachipiwa kuti mutemo unoda kubvumirwa.
Dare Rezvemhosva Rinobatanidza Chibvumirano Chekuita Zvepabonde uye Dementia
Muna 2015, vakaroorana vakaita nhau nekuda kweiyo mubvunzo iwoyo wekugona kubvuma kuita zvepabonde. Vakaroorana-Henry naDonna Rayhons-vaigara muIowa uye vakaroorana muna 2007 mushure mekunge vasangana mushure mehupenyu. Makore anoverengeka gare gare, Donna akatanga chirwere cheAlzheimer.
Kufambira mberi munaMeyi 2014, apo Henry Rayhons, ane makore 78, akapomerwa mhosva yekubata zvepabonde mudzimai wake mumba mavanotarisira kwaakagara nekuda kwekuora mwoyo kwake.
Rayhons akatsigira kuti haana kurara nemudzimai wake usiku ihwohwo asi akataura kuti vakange vatsvoda ndokubatana. Akataura zvakare kuti akatanga kutaurirana zvepabonde nenguva nenguva. Imba yakwegura iyo mudzimai wake akagara, asi, akanzwa kuti haakwanisi kubvuma kuita zvepabonde uye akaudza nyaya yacho kumapurisa mushure mekunzwa kuti zvepabonde zvakaitika pakati pezviviri.
Pakupedzisira, nyaya yacho yakaenda kudare uye, mushure mokupupurirwa uye kupomerwa, jeri rakawana Rayhons asina mhosva. Zvisinei, nyaya yacho yakakonzera mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pekuita zvepabonde pakati pevanhu vanogara nehutano hwemararamiro, kusanganisira nyaya yekuti ingaratidza sei kukwanisa kubvumirana uye ndiani anofanira kuita izvozvo.
Kutungamirirwa Kwepabonde Kunofanira Kushandiswa Here?
MuAlabama Law Review , Alexander A. Boni-Saenz anokurukura pfungwa yekubvumira vanhu kugadzira chirongwa chinotsanangura zvisarudzo zvavo zvepabonde kana zviitiko zvingave zvisingakwanisi kuita mupfungwa. Somuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anogona kutaura kuti vanoda kuramba vachiita zvepabonde nemumwe wavo pamusana pekushaya simba kwavo kwepfungwa. Pfungwa huru yevaya vanotsigira pfungwa iyi inosanganisira kuchengetedza kodzero yekuita mabasa ezvepabonde anobatsira, kazhinji mukati mehukama hwakagadzikana, nekudzivisa kukwanisa kupomerwa mhosva nekuda kwekushaya simba kwepfungwa.
Vaya vanopesana nepfungwa iyi vanotaura kuti kana mumwe munhu angada kuti awane kodzero yake apo simba rake rekufunga rakanyatsogadzikana, anogona kuita nenzira yakasiyana apo kugamuchira kwake kwakaramba. Chirwere cheAlzheimer nedzimwewo pfungwa dzinogona kuchinja hupenyu uye kuwedzera kushushikana kana kushungurudzika. Mutemo, mubvunzo unogona kutumidzwa sezvaunofarira uye zvisarudzo zvehupenyu hwezvino nehupenyu hwomunguva yemberi. Kufanotaurira zvichazobatsira nekudiwa kuitira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwehupenyu mune ramangwana hunooma kana zvirwere zvinokonzera kuora mwoyo zvinogona kuchinja zvaunoda, simba rekunyama uye kufarira.
Shoko Rinobva
Iyi dambudziko rinosimbisa kukosha kwemisha yekuchengetedza uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzokuchengetedza kunyora zvakanyatsotsvakurudzwa, kutaura uye inogara-inotungamirirwa nemitemo pamusoro pehukama pakati pevanhu apo mumwe, kana kuti vose, vane dambudziko rekuora mwoyo. Iyi mitemo inogona kutungamira zvivako mumasarudzo avo uye kupa ruzivo rwevatsvakurudzi kuti vanzwisise zvinangwa zvezvisarudzo sezvavanoongorora zvinhu izvi.
Izvo zvekuyeuchidza kuti kugadzirisa dambudziko iri rezvemitemo rinoda zvinopfuura zvinongova mazano. Kuva nemukova wakazaruka wekukurukurirana nemhuri yemhuri kunokosha pakugadzirisa kugarikana kwevanhu vanogara uye mibvunzo yakaoma inokura, sekubvumirana kweukama hwepedyo.
Pakupedzisira, zvivako zvinoda kuziva vagari vemo-kusanganisira kusanganisa kwavo uye mabasa api anonyanya kusimbisa hupenyu hwavo-kuitira kuti kana zviitiko izvi zvichibuda, chisarudzo chimwe nechimwe chinotarisirwa kune mumwe munhu uye chinonyatsoenderana nechinangwa chake chakanakisisa.
Nyaya iyi haifaniri kuve isinganzwisisiki seyo ine mazano emutemo. Ona gweta anonyanya kugadzirisa nzvimbo iyi yezano rezvemitemo.
> Sources:
> Bioethics Forum. Zvepabonde, Mvumo uye Dementia. April 15, 2015. http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Bioethicsforum/Post.aspx?id=7378&blogid=140
> Musha wechiHebheru paRwizidale. April 2013. Mitemo nemitemo pamusoro pekutaura zvepabonde paimba yevaHebheru paRwizidale.
> Hegde S, Ellajosyula R. Nhaurwa dzehutano nekuita zvisarudzo muhutano hwemararamiro. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology . 2016; 19 (Suppl 1): S34-S39. doi: 10.4103 / 0972-2327.192890.
> New York Times. Musi waApril 22, 2015. Iowa Munhu Akawanikwa Asina Mhosva Yepabonde Nekushandisa Mudzimai Wake neAlzheimer's. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/23/health/iowa-man-found-not-guilty-of-sexually-abusing-wife-with-alzheimers.html?_r=0
> Society for Post-acute uye Long-Term Care Care. March 19, 2016. Unyanzvi hwekuita zvepabonde muDhementia mumazuva mazhinji. https://paltc.org/amda-white-papers-and-resolution-position-statements/capacity-sexual-consent-dementia-long-term-care
> The International Longevity Center. 2011. The Last Taboo: Nhungamiro yekutemwa kwemagariro, zvepabonde, ukama hwepedyo nekuita zvepabonde mukuchengetedza dzimba. http://www.ilcuk.org.uk/index.php/publications/publication_details/the_last_taboo_a_guide_to_dementia_sexuality_intimacy_and_sexual_behaviour
> The Weinberg Center uye Imba yeHeberu kuRwizidale. 2011. Kushungurudza kana Kushamwaridzana. Vakwegura Vokurara Sexualtiy.http: //www.riverspringhealth.org/uploads/ckeditor/files/sexualconsentguidelines.pdf