Munhu Anodei?
Kubudirira kwevanhu-centered approach approach kunowanikwa kune purofesa Thomas Kitwood kuma1980 apfuura paYunivhesiti yeBradford muUnited Kingdom. Kunyanya-kutarisirwa kwevanhu ndeye nzira yekugadzirisa vanhu umo munhu akakurumbira uye zvaanoda zvakasimbiswa, panzvimbo yechirwere, zviratidzo zvayo zvinotarisirwa uye matambudziko, uye mano akarasika omunhu wacho.
Kutarisira kwevanhu-munhu unoziva kuti kuora mwoyo kwemazuva chete ndiko kunongororwa kwomunhu wacho, uye kuti kune zvakawanda zvakanyanya kumunhu pane zvaanoona.
Nzira inotsvaga munhu inoshandura maonero atinonzwisisa nekuita maitiro akaoma mumatambudziko evanhu. Kutariswa kwevanhu-kunotarisa maitiro sekuti munhu ane dementia anotaura zvaanoda , uye anonzwisisa kuti kujekesa kuti chii chisina kukodzera chinoita kuti maitiro ave kiyi.
Kubatsirwa kweunhu-mumwe kunokurudzira uye kunopa muchengeti kunzwisisa munhu ane dhementia seve nekutenda kwake, kusara kwehutano, hupenyu hwehupenyu uye hukama hwakakosha kwavari uye hunobatsira kune avo vari munhu.
Pane imwe nguva-ne-nguva, kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu-munhu kunoedza kuona nyika kuburikidza nemeso omumwe munhu ane dhementi.
Munhu-Anonyanya Kushungurudzwa Akasiyana Sei neMutambo Wemazuva Ano weKutarisira?
Ngatitorei muenzaniso weGeorge:
George ane murume ane makore 89 ane chirwere cheAlzheimer uyo vhiki imwe yapfuura akaendeswa kumusha wevanotarisira nokuti mudzimai wake Hilda haana kukwanisa kumuchengetedza kumba. Hilda anoshanyira George mazuva ese uye kunyange zvazvo achida kuti angamuchengetedza kumba, anoziva kuti George aida kutarisirwa kupfuura zvaaigona kumupa.
Kurapa Kwechiremba
Nzira yekurapa yakazara ichave yakangotarisa kuti inguva yakawanda yekudya kwake kwekudya George yaidya, achiita George kuti asangane nechinangwa chake chekufamba makumbo makumi mashanu mugwagwa nhasi, uye achigadzira mvura yake nhasi pa9am nekuti ndiyo zuva rake. Apo anoedza kugara pasi mushure mokufamba makumbo gumi chete, mutarisiri anoshandisa nzira yekurapa anokumbira mutariri wechipiri kubatsira kune rumwe rutivi rwaGeorge uye vanomira George zvakare zvakare uye vanotanga kumutungamirira mberi, pasinei nekukumbira kwake uye wakaneta. George anozovhiringidzika uye anokanganisa vanochengeta.
Pasinei nekudzivisa kwaGeorge, mabasa aya nemabasa zvinongororwa kubva kune-kunyoresa.
Munhu-Centered Approach
Munhu-ane hutano, humwe nzira yakakwana , inogona kutarisa zvakadai seizvi:
Panzvimbo pokusvika kuGeorge nerunyorwa mumisoro yedu, kutarisirwa kwevanhu kunotarisa munhu wacho pakutanga, uye zvinangwa uye mabasa wechipiri.
Panzvimbo yekushandira kudya kumwechete kwemazuva ose kune mumwe munhu, nzira yakagadzirirwa nevanhu inogona kuwanikwa kubva kunaGeorge kana Hilda izvo george yagara achidya mangwanani asati atamira kumusha wakwegura . Munhu ane hanya nemunhu anozokurudzirawo mamita makumi mashanu ekufamba, asi kana George akaneta uye asingakwanisi paanoedza kufamba naye, achaedza zvakare mushure mezuva.
Munhu ane hanya nemunhu angave akadzidzawo kuti George anonyanya kuda kushambidza panzvimbo yekugeza, uye kuti chiitiko chake chaiva kushambidza kunopisa asati asara; saka, nguva yake yekugeza ichave yakashandurwa kusvika 9pm.
Hazvishamisi kuti zuva rinoenda zvakanaka zvikuru kuna George uye mutarisiri wake.
Kubatsira kweMunhu-Pakati Pezvokutarisira
Kunyatsotarisirwa kwevanhu kunoratidzirwa neongororo dzakawanda dzekutsvakurudza kuti dzibudirire mukuderedza kunetseka kwezviito kune vanhu vane demoentia . Imwe yedzidzo yekuongorora yakashandisa vadzidzisi vakarovedzwa kuti vashandise nzira dzepamusoro dzekuchengetedza vanhu nevanotarisira musha vagari vane dementia.
Zvinoguma nei? Inpatient hospitalizations- iyo dzimwe nguva inoguma kana mafungiro asina kunaka asingakwanisi kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka munzvimbo yekuchengetedza-uye kushandiswa kwemishonga yepfungwa -iyo inogona kunge yakagadzirisa asi inogonawo kuva nemigumisiro yakakomba-yakave yakaderera zvikuru.
Chimwe chidzidzo chinosanganisira 289 dzimba dzekurera vanogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaratidza kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwevanhu vane chirwere chekuita nehutano kana hutano hwepamusoro hwevanhu hunoshandiswa.
Kunyatsotarisirwa kwevanhu kunogona kuderedza kushungurudza kwevanotarisira uye kuchengetedza mari kuburikidza nekuderedza kupararira uye kushandiswa kwemishonga, asi zvinonyanya kukosha, inopa hupenyu huri nani hwevanhu vane chirwere chekuora mwoyo nevanoda.
Izvo zvinotoitawo kuti iwe neni tinoda sei kurapwa.
- Kuverengerwa Kunyoresa: 13 Nzira dzekuderedza Stigma uye Kupa Vanhu Vane Dhementia
Sources:
Chirwere cheAlzheimer's Association. Munhu Centered Care. Yakasvika musi wa14 Chivabvu 2013. http://www.alz.org.sg/about-dementia/person-centered-care
Alzheimer's Society. Kutarisa munhu-centered. Yakasvika musi wa14 Chivabvu 2013. http://www.alzheimers.org.uk/site/scripts/services_info.php?serviceID=167
ICanada Alzheimer Disease Review. April 2003. Dementia Care-centered Care: A Vision to Refined. http://www.livingdementia.com/downloads/newsletters/2010/sep_oct/person-centered_dementia_care.pdf
The Lancet Neurology, Volume 8, Nyaya 4, Mapeji 317 - 325, April 2009. Kuchengetedza Chirwere Chekare chekuita Dhementia Care Resident Study (CADRES) yekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, kuchema kwekushaya pfungwa, nekuchengetwa kwemazuva ose muhutano hwemagariro . http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(09)70045-6/fulltext
National Care Forum. Chirevo cheMitambo Yakanakisisa; Chinokosha Mazano eDementia Care.
Dhipatimendi reUnited Health Health and Human Services. Sangano reEalthcare Research uye Quality. Nyamavhuvhu 25, 2013. Kuchengetedzwa Kwevanhu-Vakagadzikana neDementia Kuratidzira Maitiro Anokurudzira Kunoderedza Psychiatric Hospitalizations uye Mishonga-Inosangana Nemishonga.