Zvishandiso, Migumisiro Yechipfuva uye Kugadzikana Kwakakomba
Methylphenidate, inotengeswa pasi pemazita eRitalin, Methylin, Concerta, Quillivant uye Daytrana, inozivikanwa seamfetamine. Inoshandiswa kurapa kukanganisa kwehuwandu hwehutano husina kunaka (ADHD) , pamwe chete nekurara kwemasikati masikati kunobatanidza nehure . Iko dzimwe nguva inorondedzerwa yekusingaperi kuneta kwechirwere .
Zvishandiso
Methylphenidate inokurudzira nemigumisiro yakananga pane inonzi central nervous system.
Iine kuchenjera, kurara-kusinganisa chiito uye kunogona kuvandudza kutarira kudzokorora mabasa. Iyo inovandudza kutarisa uye sangano uye inogona kuderedza kusvetwa kwemasikati. Iyo inogonawo kuva nemafungiro ekusimudzira mafungiro. Inoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvinetso zvinotevera:
Iwe unogona kutumirwa kushandiswa kwemazinga kana kuwedzerwa-kusunungurwa kwechirwere. Izvi zvinopesana zvishoma kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei muviri kuti udzigadzire, asi mhinduro yavo yakafanana.
Iyo Inoshanda Sei
Iyo chaiyo nzira yekuita kweRitalin haina kuzivikanwa. Inowedzera hutachiwana hwemaurotransmitter maviri anokosha, norepinephrine uye dopamine, muuropi. Neurotransmitters makemikari anoshumira sevatumwa pakati pemasero emagetsi, anonzi neurons. Ritalin anozadzisa huwandu huno kuwedzera kuburikidza nekudzivirira kubviswa kwavo uye nokuwedzera kusunungurwa kwavo munzvimbo iyo pakati peeurons.
Ritalin anoshanda mumutsara uye pamakorokota emakungwa, nzvimbo dzouropi dzinokosha pakuisa pfungwa.
Inogonawo kugadzirisa kuparadzirwa kwezvinhu, kusanganisira glucose, kuitira kuti uropi hugone kushanda zvakajeka.
Ndiani Asingafaniri Kuishandisa?
Ritalin haabvumirwi nevana vaduku vaduku vanopfuura 6. Haifaniri kushandiswa nevanhu vanotora tricyclic vanodzvinyirira uye MAO inhibitors, mishonga mbiri inoshandiswa kurapa kuora mwoyo, saka iva nechokwadi chokuti mushandi wezvechiremba anoziva mishonga yose yauri kutora.
Ritalin inogona kunge isingakodzeri kune vanhu vane humwe hutano, kusanganisira chirongwa chakasimba, chirwere chetachiona, chirongwa chemwoyo, hypertension kana kuora kwechiropa. Mukuwedzera, zvinogona kunge zvisingabvumirwi kune avo vane Tourette's syndrome, vanonyanya kushandiswa kwetrojeni, motokari, hutsinye uye glaucoma .
Migumisiro Yechiri
Pane zvakawanda zvinogona kuve nemigumisiro yemimwe mishonga. Kunyange zvazvo munhu aisakwanisa kutarisirwa kuva nawo ose, uye zvingasava nemumwe wavo, zvimwe zvinogona kuitika zvinowanzo:
- Kutya
- Kunyunyuta
- Kuderedza kudya mwoyo
- Marwadzo emudumbu
- Kurasikirwa kwemarefu nekushandiswa kwenguva refu
- Rapid moyo rate
- Nausea
- Motokari tic
- Headache
- Kusagadzikana kwepfungwa
- Chizutu
- Fever
- Mapundu
- Hives
- Nguva pfupi yekuora mwoyo
- Kukurova
- Abnormal kufamba
- Chipfuva chepfu
- Ropa kudzvinyirirwa kunochinja
- Kuvhiringidzwa kunoonekwa
Nekushandiswa kwemishonga chero ipi zvayo, kunewo njodzi dzekukuvadza migumisiro. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kakawanda, asi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kutendeseka kana kushungurudzwa
- Psychosis
- Mania
- Unhu hutsinye
- Tourette's syndrome (asingawanzo)
- Izvo zvisina kuchena mwoyo rhythms
- Kumira kurova kwemoyo
- Stroke
- Kungoerekana kwafa
- Kugumburwa
- Kuwedzera kukura nekushandisa kwenguva refu
- Allergic reaction
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- Low white white cell count
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Kuvhiringidzika kwemakemikari anonzi cerebral arteries
Kudzivirirwa Kuchengetedzwa
Kushandiswa kwaRitalin panguva yekuzvitakura kunofanira kunyorerwa nekuchenjerera, kuenzanisa kunetseka kwekukwanisa kubatwa nemwana kuburikidza nekubatsira vanaamai. Kuchenjerera kunorayirwa zvakare ne lactation sezvo kuchengetedzwa kweizvi hakuzivikanwi.
Mune vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa chinotanga, kuongorora kwekutanga kwemoyo kunofanira kuitika kusanganisira ropa rekutsvaira uye kutara kwemwoyo kusati yatanga mishonga, ine kuwedzera kwechirwere, uye nguva nenguva panguva yekurapa.
Muchiremba vana, urefu uye uremu hunofanira kuongororwa kana chirwere chinotanga uye nguva nenguva pashure. Kuwedzerwa ropa rekushandisa kunogona kuratidzwa uye kushamwaridzana kwakaperera pamwe nemutapi wezvokurapa kunokosha zvikuru.
Sources:
"Methylphenidate." Epocrates Rx. Version 1.127, 2008. Epocrates, Inc. San Mateo, California.
Katzung, BG Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 9th edition, 2004. 134-140. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. New York.
"Methylphenidate." MedLine Plus, US National Library of Medicine (2016).