Kukurukurirana kwevanhu ndeimwe yezvinokanganisa (zvinetso) zve autism. Zvingave kuti munhu ari pamitambo achiri muduku kana akwegura, kutaura kana kusingaoneki, murume kana mukadzi, iye achava nenguva yakaoma kunzwisisa uye kupindura kune mitauro yevanhu.
Kune vanhu vari pamagumo akaipisisa emitambo, kutaurirana kwevanhu munzanga kunonetsa zvikuru.
Kushandiswa kwekutaura kana mutauro wakanyorwa kungave kwakanyanya kana kusipo. Kunyatsoteerera - kukwanisa kubhadhara kune chimwe chinhu nemumwe munhu - kunogonawo kukanganiswa. Kune vanhu vane unyanzvi hukuru hwekukurukurirana, nyaya dzinosanganisira kuoma nemutauro wemuviri, kunyomba, kutaura zvishomanana, hukama hwehukama, uye kunzwisisa mitemo isina kunyorwa yakatarisana nguva uye kuti inofananidzira sei mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo.
Unyanzvi hwekufunga zvemagariro evanhu
Nepo kutaurirana kwevanhu kunofanirwa kuve chinangwa chikuru kumwana wese ane autism, "kufungidzira kwevanhu" inonyatsodzidziswa kuvana vanotaura uye vanokwanisa kutaura nemashoko uye neshamwari pamwe nevamwe vezera rako.
Saka ... chii chinokanganisa mu "mafungiro evanhu" akafanana? Fungidzira izvi:
Mwana anofamba achipinda muchikafu chekudya. Anofamba nemutsara wekudya zvakakodzera zvakakodzera, kuvonga vakadzi vemasikati, kuripa mari yake uye kutora kuchinja kwake. Anogara pasi, anotanga kudya, uye anotaridzika zvakakwana kusvikira rimwe boka revana rakagara pasi pedyo naye.
Kunyange zvazvo zvakajeka kuti hazvidi kumubatanidza, anotanga kutaura navo. Uye kutaura. Uye kutaura. Vanonyatsotendeuka, asi iye anozvinyima - vachitaurirana pamusoro nepamusoro nezvemashoko e baseball. Pakupedzisira, vamwe vana vanofamba, vachidzora maziso avo.
Uyu mwana, zvichida akabatwa neAsperger syndrome - kana kushanda kwepamusoro autism - ane ruzivo rwakanaka rwehutano "hukama". Anoziva nzira yekugadzirisa mutsara wekudya kwemasikati, chii chakutaura, maitiro ekubata mari.
Anokwanisa kusarudza chigaro uye adye kudya kwake kwemasikati. Asi kana zvasvika pakugadzirisa ukama hwevanhu, iye akazara zvachose pagungwa.
Zvaanoshaya, maererano nenyanzvi Michelle Garcia Winner, ndeyekufunga kwevanhu uye hukama hwakanaka hwemagariro evanhu. "Autism chirwere chekudzivirira kwehutano. Unogona [kudzidziswa] kubudisa unyanzvi, asi hazvina kukwana," Winner anoti. "Isu ... tinoda ruzivo rwemagariro evanhu huri pasi peunyanzvi."
Teaching Social Cues
Iwe unodzidzisa sei mwana kuti "averenge" hutano hwemagariro evanhu semutauro wemuviri, kutarira kweziso, inzwi rezwi, kana kuswedera pedyo? Pane zviyero zvakawanda izvo vabereki, vanachiremba uye vadzidzisi vanogona kushandisa kuti vabatsire.
- Nhau dzezvenhau iyi chidziro chikuru chekubatsira vana kutarisira mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Iyi ndeye nyaya dzakajeka dzinofanirwa kutarisa nzvimbo itsva kana ruzivo, uye kutsanangura zvaunotarisira, kuti mwana anofanira kuzvibata sei, uye ndezvipi zvisarudzo zviripo zvekutarisira kushushikana kana zvimwe zvinhu. Kana mwana atoziva zvaanotarisira-uye zvaanofanira kuita mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana - ari nzira mberi kwemutambo.
- Vhidhiyo mavhidhiyo ari kuratidza kuva chinhu chinobatsira pakudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekufunga zvevanhu. Vana vane autism vanoita sokuti vanodzidza zvakanyanya pavanodzidziswa zvakananga, uye mavhidhiyo anogona kugadzirwa zvakananga kumwana mumwechete kana kuti akatengwa "kubva pachifuro" pamamiriro ezvinhu akajairika.
- Maitiro ekufunga kwezvemagariro evanhu, akadai seWinner's "Funga Social," uye "Iaugh" inosanganisira zvidzidzo zvekuona maziso evanhu, mapepa, uye kufamba kwezvinyorwa kune izvo zviri kuitika munzanga. Izvi zvinowanzodzidziswa muchigadziro cheboka, pasinei nechikoro kana kumwe.
- Dhiyabhorosi inonzi therapy uye itsva uye inokura mumunda. Dhiyabhorosi therapists inopa vana mukana wekuedza kushamwaridzana kwevanhu munharaunda yakachengeteka, inotsigira.
- Vanachiremba uye vadzidzisi kuchikoro vanogona kugadzirisa mikana yevana vane autism kuti vabatane nevanoshamwaridzana navo, vachipa rubatsiro uye vachipa "hurumende dzakagadzikana" mushure mekuoma kukurukurirana.
Kufungidzira kwevanhu munyaya inonyanya kuoma, uye vanhu vashomanana - autistic kana kwete - vanofunga kuti vakazviziva zvechokwadi. Nokushanda nevarapi uye mune zvigadzirwa zvepanyama, uchishandisa zvishandiso zvakajeka, uye kubatsira mwana wako kuti awane mapoka anomutsigira uye simba rake uye zvido zvake, zvisinei, iwe unogona kubatsira mwana wako kuti awedzere kukwanisa kwake kufunga zvakanaka mune zvekugarisana mamiriro ezvinhu.
Zvidzidzo:
Dangwe, Temberi naBharoni, Sean. Unwritten Mitemo Yehukama Hwevanhu. Future Horizons: Arlington, TX. C 2005
Kubvunzurudza naMichelle Garcia Winner, Gumiguru 2007.
Mutsva, Michelle G. Funga Social! A Social Thinking Curriculum yeChikoro-Vadzidzi Vadzidzi. Michelle Garcia Winner: California C 2005