Karyotype yemakromosomes ako anogona kuona chero matambudziko
Pakati pemarudzi ese evanhu, kubva kuvanhu kusvika kumiti, zviri zvivako zviduku zviduku zvinonzi masero. Aya masero akasiyana nemarudzi ese uye mukati memunhu wese, mhuka, kana kuti zvinomera pacharo. Mune masero aya ma kromosomes ane DNA, hurongwa hwekuti tinoshanda sei. Dzimwe nguva, kana kuti kuwana mhinduro iri nani yekuti tinoshanda sei kana kuti tiongorore mamiriro ekurapa, mufananidzo, unozivikanwa sekaryotype , inotorwa nemakromosomes edu.
Karyotype ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekuongorora ma chromosomes omunhu. Inogona kuitwa chero ipi zvayo yevanhu asi inowanzoitwa muropa, ganda, amniotic fluid, kana chorionic villi. Mitsara inotorwa kuirasi, yakakura kana yakasimudzirwa, yakaisa mashizha, yakatevedzwa, uye yakaongororwa.
Karyotype Inogona Kukuudzei?
Karyotype inogona kukuudza kuti ingani ma chromosomes munhu anewo pamwe nekugadzirwa kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe chromosome. Nokuti karyotype inokupa ruzivo pamusoro pechromosome imwe neimwe, inogona kukuudza iwe zvepabonde hweumwe munhu. Kana maviri e-chromosome aripo, zvino munhu wacho ari mukadzi. Kana i X neA chromosome iripo, zvino munhu wacho ari mukomana.
Nokuti karyotype inopa ruzivo pamusoro pehuwandu hwemakromosomes aripo, inogona kuongorora mamiriro akadai seA Down syndrome - kuvapo kwechiverengero chechipiri chromosome (47 chromosomes muhuwandu, kupfuura 46). Karyotype inotarisawo chimiro che chromosome imwe neimwe, saka inogona kutaurira kana munhu ane zvinetso zvemu chromosome zvakadai se translocation kana kuti kubviswa.
(Inenge 2 kusvika ku3 muzana yeA Down syndrome mhaka dzinokonzerwa nekutumirwa kunosanganisira nhamba 21 chromosome.)
Karyotype Inopesana Sei Nokuongorora kweFISH?
Karyotype inopesana nefosorosenti in situ hybridization (FISH) kuongorora pakuti inoratidzika zvikuru pamakromosomes ose ane munhu.
Kuongororwa kweFISH kunokupa zvishoma zvishoma pamusoro pemakromosomes ose. FISH kuongororwa kunogona kuona matambudziko - seArt syndrome. Zvisinei, haigone kukupa sekudzidzisa zvechifananidzo se karyotype inogona. Karyotype ichacherechedzawo maitiro akasiyana-siyana akadai sokutsvaga, kubvisa, chromosomes ring, nezvimwe.
Karyotype migumisiro inotora nguva yakareba kuti idzoke pane iyo yekuongorora kweFISH. Karyotype yakaitwa pamasero eropa inogona kutora chero ipi zvayo kubva pamatatu kusvika kune manomwe. Karyotype pamamniocytes (masero anobva kumamniocentesis) kana kubva kuchitori chorionic villus inogona kutora chero ipi zvayo kubva mumazuva gumi kusvika ku14, zvichienderana nekushanya kunoita masero. Kuongorora kwehove kuchadzoka mukati memazuva matatu kusvika mana.
Kusarudza Chirongwa Chakanaka Chekuedza
Kana uri kufunga nezvekuedza kwepabonde kana kariotype nokuda kwezvikonzero zvekuongorora, unofanira kufungisisa kuti ndeipi nzira inofanirwa zvakakodzera kune yako chaiyo. Iwe unogona zvakare kutsvaga nekutsvakurudza kana kana kwete yunishuwarenzi ichavhara mari yekuongorora kweFISH uye karyotype. Kana iwe uri nepamuviri nehutachiona hwakanyanya, chiremba wako angakurudzira kuedza kweFISH pamwe nekaryotype, kuitira kuti zviitiko zvokutanga zvigamuchirwe nokukurumidza. Kurumidza kuwanikwa kunogona kudiwa kune avo vanoenderera mberi mukuzvitakura kwavo.
SOURCES:
American College yeVachizvidzivirira uye Gynecologists (ACOG). Kuchengetedza Fetal Chromosomal Kusagadzikana. ACOG Practice Bulletin, nhamba 77, January 2007.
National Human Genome Research Institute. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), 2008.