Pasina chirwere chekudzivirira utachiona, zvepabonde rakachengeteka rinoramba riri iyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivisa kushaya chirwere. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana iwe uri kana unofunga kuti uwane pamuviri. Kunyange zvazvo congenital syphilis (sarfisi inopfuura kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana panguva yekuzvitakura) ichiri kuwanzoonekwa muUnited States, uwandu hwehutachiona hunowedzera nevanoda kusvika 800 muzana pakati pegore ra2015 ne2016 chete, maererano nenhamba kubva kuCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC ).
Zvepabonde Zvakachengeteka
Kuita zvepabonde zvisina kudzivirirwa uye vazhinji vanoita zvepabonde ndezviviri zviviri zvinokonzera njodzi dzekuwana syphilis nezvimwe zvirwere zvepabonde / zvirwere (STIs / STDs). Kuita zvepabonde zvakachengeteka, naizvozvo, kunosanganisira zvinhu zviviri zviri nyore: kushandiswa kwemakondomu nguva dzose uye kuderedzwa kwakakwana kwehuwandu hwenyu hwepabonde.
Makondomu
Makondomu anofungidzirwa kuti ndiwo mutsara wokudzivirirwa kwepabonde kune zvirwere zvose zvepabonde. Kunyange zvazvo vasina kukanganisa-kunyanya kana musingavashandisi zvakarurama -iyo inoramba iri nzira yakatendeka yekudzivirira kusakwanisa kudzivisa. Dzivisa makondomu matsva kana kuti akajeka , ayo asina kugadzirirwa kuchengetedza zvirwere zveSDD, uye dzidza kukura kwekondomu zvakakodzera kudzivirira kuti isabve kana kuputika. Shandisa mazoro emvura chete; vamwe vanogona kuderedza makondomu.
Mazino emadzimai anofanirwawo kufungidzirwa pamuromo-zvepabonde (cunnilingus) kana muromo we-oral-anal (analingus, kana "rimming"). Madzimai emakondomu , kunyanya kuregererwa muUnited States, anewo nzvimbo yawo.
Sekuwedzera kuchengetedza, shandisa makondomu pane zvekuita zvepabonde zvakagoverana uye uve nechokwadi chekushandisa majekesheni pakati pemashandisirwo.
Sex Partners
Kukosha kwakakosha kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwevanhu vanoita zvepabonde, kunyanya avo vasingazivikanwe kana kuti ndiani wamunosangana paIndaneti. Pakupedzisira, vanhu vakawanda wamunorara navo, hukuru hwekushaya chirwere chete asi mamwe maSDD ayo makondomu asingakoshi, zvakadai semapillomavirus (HPV) yevanhu .
Kana ukasangana nemumwe munhu mutsva, ndezvaunonyanya kuda kufambidzana nemitemo yekuita zvepabonde zvakachengeteka musati waenda. Sezvisina kunaka sezvazvingave, edza kusarega zvinhu zvisingazivikanwe kana kushamisika kuti ndiani aifanira kuwana makondomu. Kana shamwari yako isingadi kana kuti isingadi kushandisa makondomu, iwe unenge uine ruzivo rwakakosha kuti uite chisarudzo chakanaka.
Iwe unofanirwa kuitawo chikonzero chekubvunza nezvehutano hwemumwe wako wepabonde uye angave akaongororwa maSDD. Iwe unogona kazhinji kuzarura hurukuro nekuzarura chimiro chako kutanga. Kuita izvi kunogona kukurudzira mumwe wako kuti atevere kutungamira kwako uye kuongororwa, zvakare.
Pakupedzisira, iwe paunenge uchiita zvepabonde, usapedza kushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro, izvo zvingakanganisa kutonga kwako uye zvinotungamirira mukudzivisa zvepabonde .
Kuongorora Mazano
Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzosera mafambiro emishonga matsva ndeyekuita kuti munhu wese anenge ari pangozi yechirwere nedzimwe zvirwere zvakarongedzwa zvakanaka. Iko miedzo inokurumidza uye iri nyore kuita, uye inogona kuitiswa zvakavanzika pamakiriniki, mabhii, uye mamwe ma pharmacy ezvitoro. Pamba-pamba kana kutumira-mumiedzo inowanikwawo.
Nzvimbo dzekuedza (kusanganisira madhigirii ezere dzisina mari uye dzisina mari) dzinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza neCDC iri paIndaneti.
Muna 2016, US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) yakabudisa mirayiridzo yakagadziriswa pamusoro pekuongororwa kwezvirwere mumadzinza anotevera:
- Screen ye chlamydia uye gonorrhea muvakadzi vanoita zvepabonde vava nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri uye pasi, pamwe chete nevakadzi vakwegura pahuwandu hwehutachiona
- Chirwere chechirwere, hepatitis B , neHIV mune vakadzi vose vane pamuviri (zvakawanda pane iri pasi apa)
- Chivharo cheHIV kuvanhu vose kusvika kune makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu sechikamu chechiitiko chekushanyira chiremba
- Chirwere chechirwere, HIV, uye hepatitis B mumunhu chero upi zvake pane ngozi yakawedzerwa
Maererano neU.S.STSTF, vanhu vari pangozi yakawanda vanosanganisira avo vane vanodarika vanongodanana nemumwe, munhukadzi wepabonde, kana munhu wepabonde pamwe chete nevanobvumirana navo, kana avo vasina muukama humwe chete uye kushandisa kondomu zvisina kukodzera.
Injecting vashandisi vezvinodhaka uye varume vanoita zvepabonde vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) vasingazivikanwe kana kuti vazhinji vanobatana vangada kuongororwa gore negore.
Vakadzi vane pamuviri
Congenital syphilis inogona kudzivirirwa zvachose kana yakarongedzwa kare. ICDC inokurudzira kuti vakadzi vose vane pamuviri vaongororwe siriphi pavanoshanyira vasati vazvarwa. Vaya vari kuwedzera kana kuenderera mberi mungozi yekutsvaga vanofanira kuongororwa zvakare pamasvondo makumi maviri nemasere. Chero chero chiitiko chakanaka chichangoerekana charapwa ne penicillin , chete mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inozivikanwa kudzivirira kutapurirwa kwechirwere kumwana.
Mumwe wako anofanira kuongororwa, kunyanya kana asina kumboita saizvozvo. Nenzira iyi, kana pane dambudziko reSDD, iye anogona kuonekwa uye kuporerwa kare. Kudzivirirwa kunofanira kushandiswa nguva dzose kana pane chero mukana wehutachiona.
> Sources:
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "2016 Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvepabonde: Syphilis." Atlanta, Georgia; yakarongedzwa musi waSeptember 26, 2017.
> CDC. "2015 Zvirwere zvepabonde Zvirongwa: Mazano Okurambana." Yakabudiswa musi waJune 4, 2015.
> Lee, K .; Nyo-Metzger, Q .; Wolff, T. et al. "Utachiona hwepabonde: Mazano kubva kuUnited States Preventive Services Task Force." American Family Physician. 2016; 94 (11): 907-915.