Tsanangudzo yemununocompetent sezvainoreva hutano hwako
Scientifically, kuva immunocompetent zvinongoreva kuti maitiro ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira ari kushanda zvakanaka uye kuti muviri unokwanisa kukwira mhinduro yakakodzera yekudzivirira immune, kana zvichidiwa.
Munhu anogona kunge asina muviri kana kuti immunodeficient (apo maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri haana kushanda sezvaanofanira kunge), asi kwete zvose panguva imwe chete.
Immune System
Zvose zvipenyu zvakagadzirisa zvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira zvakasimba zvinodzivirira zvirwere zvinotapukira.
Kuti ishande zvakanaka, muviri wezvirwere zvemuviri unofanira kunge uchikwanisa kuziva vanhu vanobva kunze kwenyika (kureva zvirwere zvakadai sebhakitiriya, mavairasi, uye marasita) uye kutumira vadziviriri kurwisa pathogen inopinda. Majini edu anoona kuti zvinhu zvipi zvekune dzimwe nyika masimba edu ehurumende achakwanisa kuziva uye kudzivisa (kwete majekiseni).
Sezvo utachiona hunogona kukurumidza kuchinja uye hunochinja, dzimwe nguva dzinogona kudzivisa kuonekwa nemusununguko wemuviri. Kana izvi zvichiitika, unogona kunzwa uchinetseka, watiza, uye une nguva yakaoma kurwisana nechirwere chakatora mumuviri wako.
Nenzira inofadza, muviri wako wechirwere chekuzvidzivirira unesimba yakasiyana-siyana yekudzivirira nzira uye mhinduro dzekucherechedza nekudzivirira zvirwere. Zvirwere zvemuviri wako zvinogona kupindura mazvirwere mumaitiro maviri:
- Kugadzirisa mafungiro emasikirini emuT cell apo T-lymphocytes (kana kuti T-cells-rudzi rwechichena chemuviri weropa) inonyanya kuita basa pakuziva uye kusunga kune mamwe masero akadai semasero ane utachiona, masero ane mabhakitiriya epracellular, uye masero ekenza anoratidza kuora antigens (antigens ndiwo mapuroteni anowanikwa pamakandachiona).
- Maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri weB-lymphocytes (kana B-Cells) uye masero eplasma (masero machena eropa anovhara mazamu akawanda ezvirwere) anodzivirira maabhakitiriya uye mavirusi mumvura yomuviri "nekuyeuka" avo vanoparadza uye kubudisa zvirwere zvekurwisa ivo (iyi ndiyo nzira iyo iwe unovaka kudzivirirwa kune mamwe mavhairasi mushure mekutambira chirwere chetachiona ichocho).
Apo masero eT uye masero eB anosunga nemaantigen anozivikanwa, anowedzera kusagadzikana.
Ko kana iwe usisiri Immunocompetent?
Mamiriro akasiyana ekugadzirisa mafungiro asina kudzivirira is immunodeficiency kana immuno-isina kukwana kana kuti immunocompromised. Panogona kuva nemamwe mamiriro ekufambisa, asi mazwi anotevera ose anorondedzera maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvisingashandisi zvizere nenzira dzinotevera:
- Immunodeficient : Sezvakaita mwana achangoberekwa ane maitiro ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira asi haana kunge aine zvirwere zvinotapirwa kwaari naamai vake.
- Immuno-isingazivikanwi: Akafanana nekenza varwere vane simba rekudzivirirwa nemasikirwo. Vanachiremba vanowanzokurudzira kuti hama nevanoshamwaridzana nevaya vane immuno-kusakwanisa vanofanirwa kuve vachakonzerwa nehuwandu hwezvirwere zvakajairika.
- Immunocompromised: Varwere vanogamuchira vachipfurikidza vanotora mishonga inorambidza-kurasikirwa kuitira kuti muviri wavo usakanganise nhengo yakapiwa inonzi inofungidzirwa.
Varwere vane chero ipi zvayo yakanyorwa pamusoro pemasikirwo emasvomhu matambudziko havafaniri kugamuchira zvirwere zviripo, zvakanyanyiswa, kuti zvive zvirwere kana bhakitiriya. Uyewo, zvirwere zvisingawaniki zvinowanzopa zvikwereti zvakakwana kune vasingazivikanwi varwere.
Zvimwe zvinetso zvekudzivirira
Apo maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinokanganisa, zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakakomba.
Kazhinji, masimba ezvirwere zvezvirwere anongopinda kune avo vanoparadza (kwete kune antigens kubva mumunhu maviri) asi dzimwe nguva masimba ezvirwere zvinogona kushanda zvakanaka uye anoverenga miviri yomuviri seyekunze. Izvi zvinokonzera kuti maune immune system aite autoimmune reaction, apo yakabudisa antibodies (inonzi autoantibodies) kana masero ezvirwere zvemusununguko zvinorwisa muviri wematumbu.
Kana zvakakwana autoantibodies zvakasikwa, muviri unogona kukuvadza mhuka uye inokonzera kutuka, inoita chirwere chemotokari. Kune vanhu vakawanda, zviduku zviduku zve autoantibodies zvinogadzirwa kuti chirwere chemotokari hachiitiki. Kune vamwe, vanogona kukura kuva chimwe chezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera kuzvideredza, zvakadai se:
Kuwedzerwa kuedzwa nechiremba kunoda kuongorora zvakanaka autoimmune disorders.
Sources:
Vana Health Health and Environment. Gumiguru 2011. WHO Kudzidzisa Package yeZvipatano World Health Organization.
Peter J. Delves. Zvimwe zvinetso zvekudzivirira. Merk Manuals.